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Alkene hydroformylation is one of the largest industrial reactions on an industrial scale; however, the development of nonnoble heterogeneous catalysts is usually limited by their low activities and stabilities. Herein, we constructed a 1% Co2C/SiO2 catalyst featuring Co-Cvacancy-Co-C symmetry-breaking sites, which generated a polar surface exhibiting a moderate charge density gradient at the localized Co atoms. Comparatively, this catalyst exhibited notable enhancements in the adsorption and activation of the reactants, as well as in the polarity between intermediates. Significantly, the spatial distance between the adsorption sites of intermediates was reduced, thereby effectively decreasing the energy barrier of reaction processes. As the density of the symmetry-breaking sites increased, the turnover number for propene hydroformylation soared to 18 363, exceeding the activity of heterogeneous Co-based catalysts reported thus far by 1 or 2 orders of magnitude, and the catalyst exhibited high stability during the reaction. This study provides a methodology for constructing atomically active sites, which holds great potential for the design and development of highly efficient catalysts.
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Estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), and Ki67 are four crucial biomarkers used in the clinical diagnosis of breast cancer. Accurate detection of these biomarkers is essential for an effective diagnosis and treatment. MOF-based micronano motors (MOFtors) are promising for various applications, including environmental remediation, targeted nanosurgery, and biomarker detection. This paper presents a clinically feasible diagnostic electrochemical micronano motor biosensor, built on a miniature swimmer, for the multiplex detection and grading of breast cancer biomarkers. We designed a biosensor, named MOFtor-MSEM, incorporating aptamers and antibodies functionalized on SiO2@Co-Fe-MOF, which acts as a miniature swimmer in solution. The SiO2@Co-Fe-MOF serves as the body, while complementary double-chain-linked antibodies function as paddles. In a homogeneous solution, when a positive voltage is applied to the working electrode, the electrostatic interaction between the neutral SiO2@Co-Fe-MOF and the negatively charged complementary double-linked antibody causes the antibody to move toward the electrode and then regress due to water resistance. This back-and-forth motion propels the miniature swimmer, enabling it to move the target analyte through the solution. The sensor features an automatic "sample-amplifying signal-output" process, achieving simultaneous signal amplification and output of four electrochemical signals on a single nanomaterial, a significant challenge in electrochemical sensing. The biosensor boasts a short detection time of 40 min, compared to approximately 1 week for current clinical tissue testing. Additionally, the bioplatform selectively detects HER2, ER, Ki67, and PR in the range of 0-1500 pg/mL, with detection limits of 0.01420, 0.03201, 0.01430, and 0.01229 pg/mL, respectively.
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Simultaneous detection of multiple breast cancer-associated miRNAs significantly raises the accuracy and reliability of early diagnosis. In this work, disposable carbon fiber paper serves as the biosensing interface, linking DNA probes via click chemistry to efficiently capture targets and signals efficiently. DNA probes have multiple recognition domains that trigger a cascade reaction through the helper probes and targets, resulting in two signals output. The signals are centrally encapsulated in the pore of the MIL-88(Fe)-NH2. The signal carriers are directed by signal probes to the recognition domains that correspond to the DNA probes. The biosensor is selective and stable, and it can quantify miRNA-21 and miRNA-155 simultaneously with detection limits of 0.64 and 0.54 fmol/L, respectively. Furthermore, it demonstrates satisfactory performance in tests conducted with normal human serum and cell lysate. Overall, this method makes a satisfactory exploration to realize an inexpensive and sensitive biosensor for multiple biomarkers.
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Técnicas Biosensibles , Química Clic , MicroARNs , Técnicas Biosensibles/métodos , Humanos , MicroARNs/análisis , MicroARNs/sangre , Sondas de ADN/química , Neoplasias de la Mama/diagnóstico , Límite de DetecciónRESUMEN
Active-polarization imaging holds significant promise for achieving clear underwater vision. However, only static targets were considered in previous studies, and a background region was required for image restoration. To address these issues, this study proposes an underwater dynamic polarization imaging method based on image pyramid decomposition and reconstruction. During the decomposition process, the polarized image is downsampled to generate an image pyramid. Subsequently, the spatial distribution of the polarization characteristics of the backscattered light is reconstructed by upsampling, which recovered the clear scene. The proposed method avoids dependence on the background region and is suitable for moving targets with varying polarization properties. The experimental results demonstrate effective elimination of backscattered light while sufficiently preserving the target details. In particular, for dynamic targets, processing times that fulfill practical requirements and yield superior recovery effects are simultaneously obtained.
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the factors which may cause thermal injury of abdominal skin in patients with uterine fibroids (UFs) who underwent ultrasound-guided focused ultrasound ablation surgery (FUAS). METHOD: A total of 123 patients were enrolled in the injury group. In contrast, 246 patients without thermal injury were assigned to the non-injury group. The relationship between patient and treatment parameters and injury were explored using univariate analysis and multiple logistic regression analyses. In addition, the factors influencing the degree of thermal injury were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis H. RESULTS: (1) Abdominal scars (p = .007, OR = 2.187, 95% CI: 1.242-3.849), abdominal wall thickness (p < .001, OR = 1.042, 95% CI: 1.019-1.067), fundus fibroids (p = .038, OR = 1.790, 95% CI: 1.033-3.100), UFs with hyperintense/mixed T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) signals (p = .022, OR = 1.843, 95% CI: 1.091-3.115), average sonication power (AP) (p = .025, OR = 1.021, 95% CI: 1.003-1.039), and treatment time (TT) (p < .001, OR = 1.017, 95% CI: 1.011-1.023) were independent risk factors for thermal injury, while treatment volume (TV) (p = .002, OR = 0.775, 95% CI: 0.661-0.909) was a protective factor for injury. (2) Four groups were subdivided according to the degree of thermal injury(Group A: without skin injury. Group B: with changed T2WI signal in the abdominal wall, Group C: mild skin injury, Group D: severe skin injury), comparison of each with every other showed that the abdominal wall in Groups A and D was thinner than Groups B and C, with statistically significant differences (PAB<0.05, PAC<0.01, PDC<0.05, PDB<0.05); Group A was slightly thicker than D, however, without statistical difference. The ratio of sonication time (ST) to TV in Group A was the lowest of all (PAB, PAC, PAD all < 0.05). And as the level of thermal injury rose, the ratio gradually increased, however, without statistical difference. CONCLUSIONS: Based on our limited results, the following conclusion was made. (1) Abdominal scars, abdominal wall thickness, fundus fibroids, UFs with T2WI hyperintense/mixed signals, AP and TT were independent risk factor. (2) Neither too thick nor too thin abdominal walls would be recommended, as both might increase the risk of skin injury. (3) Noticeably, the risk of skin injury might increase considerably when the ST was longer and the sonication area was more fixed.
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Pared Abdominal , Quemaduras , Ultrasonido Enfocado de Alta Intensidad de Ablación , Leiomioma , Neoplasias Uterinas , Humanos , Femenino , Cicatriz/etiología , Ultrasonido Enfocado de Alta Intensidad de Ablación/efectos adversos , Ultrasonido Enfocado de Alta Intensidad de Ablación/métodos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Leiomioma/diagnóstico por imagen , Leiomioma/cirugía , Quemaduras/etiología , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Neoplasias Uterinas/cirugía , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Staphylococcus aureus (SAU) stands as the prevailing pathogen in post-traumatic infections, with the emergence of antibiotic resistance presenting formidable treatment hurdles. The pressing need is to explore novel antibiotics to address this challenge. ShangKeHuangShui (SKHS), a patented traditional Chinese herbal formula, has gained widespread use in averting post-traumatic infections, but its biological effects remain incomplete understanding. This study's primary objective was to delve into the antibacterial properties, potential antibacterial compounds within SKHS, and their associated molecular targets. In vitro SKHS antibacterial assays demonstrated that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 8.625 mg/mL and the minimum bactericide concentration (MBC) was 17.25 mg/mL. Proteomic analysis based on tandem mass tag (TMT) showed significant changes in the expression level of 246 proteins in SKHS treated group compared to control group, with 79 proteins upregulated and 167 proteins downregulated (>1.5-fold, p < 0.05). Subsequently, thirteen target proteins related to various biological processes and multiple metabolic pathways were selected to conduct parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) and molecular docking screen. In protein tyrosine phosphatase PtpA (ptpA) docking screening, phellodendrine and obacunone can bind to ptpA with the binding energy of - 8.4 and - 8.3 kcal/mol, respectively. This suggests their potential impact on antibacterial activity by modulating the two-component system of SAU. The discovery lays a groundwork for future research endeavors for exploring new antibacterial candidates and elucidating specific active chemical components within SKHS that match target proteins. Further investigations are imperative to unveil the biological effects of these monomers and their potential synergistic actions.
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Infecciones Estafilocócicas , Staphylococcus aureus , Humanos , Proteómica , Simulación del Acoplamiento Molecular , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/química , Pruebas de Sensibilidad MicrobianaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To describe the association between preoperative ictal scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) results and surgical outcomes in patients with focal epilepsies. METHODS: The data of consecutive patients with focal epilepsies who received surgical treatments at our center from January 2012 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: Our data showed that 44.2% (322/729) of patients had ictal EEG recorded on video EEG monitoring during preoperative evaluation, of which 60.6% (195/322) had a concordant ictal EEG results. No significant difference of surgery outcomes between patients with and without ictal EEG was discovered. Among MRI-negative patients, those with concordant ictal EEG had a significantly better outcome than those without ictal EEG (75.7% vs. 43.8%, p = 0.024). Further logistic regression analysis showed that concordant ictal EEG was an independent predictor for a favorable outcome (OR = 4.430, 95%CI 1.175-16.694, p = 0.028). Among MRI-positive patients, those with extra-temporal lesions and discordant ictal EEG results had a worse outcome compared to those without an ictal EEG result (44.7% vs. 68.8%, p = 0.005). Further logistic regression analysis showed that discordant ictal EEG was an independent predictor of worse outcome (OR = 0.387, 95%CI 0.186-0.807, p = 0.011) in these patients. Furthermore, our data indicated that the number of seizures was not associated with the concordance rates of the ictal EEG, nor the surgical outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: The value of ictal scalp EEG for epilepsy surgery varies widely among patients. A concordant ictal EEG predicts a good surgical outcome in MRI-negative patients, whereas a discordant ictal EEG predicts a poor postoperative outcome in lesional extratemporal lobe epilepsy.
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BACKGROUND: Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) is a rare inherited cystic disease characterized by bilateral renal cyst formation and congenital liver fibrosis. Cardiovascular disorders such as noncompaction of ventricular myocardium (NVM) have not been reported with ARPKD. CASE PRESENTATION: A 5-month-old girl was examined after presenting with a fever and turbid urine for one day and was diagnosed as urinary tract infection. Urinary ultrasound showed multiple round, small cysts varying in size in both kidneys. Genetic testing revealed two heterozygous mutations and one exon deletion in the polycystic kidney and hepatic disease 1 gene, indicating a diagnosis of ARPKD. During hospitalization, she was found to have chronic heart failure after respiratory tract infection, with an ejection fraction of 29% and fraction shortening of 13%. When the patient was 15 months old, it was found that she had prominent trabeculations and deep intertrabecular recesses with the appearance of blood flow from the ventricular cavity into the intertrabecular recesses by echocardiography. The noncompaction myocardium was 0.716 cm and compaction myocardium was 0.221 cm (N/C = 3.27), indicating a diagnosis of NVM. Liver and kidney function remained normal during four-year follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report of NVM in a patient with ARPKD. It is unsure if the coexistence of NVM and ARPKD is a coincidence or they are different manifestations of ciliary dysfunction in the heart and kidneys.
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Riñón Poliquístico Autosómico Recesivo , Humanos , Femenino , Riñón Poliquístico Autosómico Recesivo/complicaciones , Riñón Poliquístico Autosómico Recesivo/genética , Riñón Poliquístico Autosómico Recesivo/diagnóstico por imagen , Lactante , No Compactación Aislada del Miocardio Ventricular/complicaciones , No Compactación Aislada del Miocardio Ventricular/genética , No Compactación Aislada del Miocardio Ventricular/diagnóstico por imagen , Ciliopatías/genética , Ciliopatías/complicacionesRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Machine learning is a potentially effective method for predicting the response to platinum-based treatment for ovarian cancer. However, the predictive performance of various machine learning methods and variables is still a matter of controversy and debate. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to systematically review relevant literature on the predictive value of machine learning for platinum-based chemotherapy responses in patients with ovarian cancer. METHODS: Following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, we systematically searched the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases for relevant studies on predictive models for platinum-based therapies for the treatment of ovarian cancer published before April 26, 2023. The Prediction Model Risk of Bias Assessment tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias in the included articles. Concordance index (C-index), sensitivity, and specificity were used to evaluate the performance of the prediction models to investigate the predictive value of machine learning for platinum chemotherapy responses in patients with ovarian cancer. RESULTS: A total of 1749 articles were examined, and 19 of them involving 39 models were eligible for this study. The most commonly used modeling methods were logistic regression (16/39, 41%), Extreme Gradient Boosting (4/39, 10%), and support vector machine (4/39, 10%). The training cohort reported C-index in 39 predictive models, with a pooled value of 0.806; the validation cohort reported C-index in 12 predictive models, with a pooled value of 0.831. Support vector machine performed well in both the training and validation cohorts, with a C-index of 0.942 and 0.879, respectively. The pooled sensitivity was 0.890, and the pooled specificity was 0.790 in the training cohort. CONCLUSIONS: Machine learning can effectively predict how patients with ovarian cancer respond to platinum-based chemotherapy and may provide a reference for the development or updating of subsequent scoring systems.
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Neoplasias Ováricas , Humanos , Femenino , Neoplasias Ováricas/tratamiento farmacológico , Bases de Datos Factuales , Aprendizaje Automático , PubMed , Máquina de Vectores de SoporteRESUMEN
Citrinin (CTN) is a mycotoxin commonly found in contaminated foods and feed, posing health risks to both humans and animals. However, the mechanism by which CTN damages the intestine remains unclear. In this study, a model of intestinal injury was induced by administering 1.25â¯mg/kg and 5â¯mg/kg of CTN via gavage for 28 consecutive days in 6-week-old Kunming mice, aiming to explore the potential mechanisms underlying intestinal injury. The results demonstrate that CTN can cause structural damage to the mouse jejunum. Additionally, CTN reduces the protein expression of Claudin-1, Occludin, ZO-1, and MUC2, thereby disrupting the physical and chemical barriers of the intestine. Furthermore, exposure to CTN alters the structure of the intestinal microbiota in mice, thus compromising the intestinal microbial barrier. Meanwhile, the results showed that CTN exposure could induce excessive apoptosis in intestinal cells by altering the expression of proteins such as CHOP and GRP78 in the endoplasmic reticulum and Bax and Cyt c in mitochondria. The mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum are connected through the mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane (MAM), which regulates the membrane. We found that the expression of bridging proteins Fis1 and BAP31 on the membrane was increased after CTN treatment, which would exacerbate the endoplasmic reticulum dysfunction, and could activate proteins such as Caspase-8 and Bid, thus further inducing apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway. Taken together, these results suggest that CTN exposure can cause intestinal damage by disrupting the intestinal barrier and inducing excessive apoptosis in intestinal cells.
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Racial disparities in hospice use are a longstanding concern in the U.S. Asian Americans are among the least likely to receive hospice care and to be included in studies on this topic. This study examined the knowledge, attitudes, and preferences related to hospice care among older Chinese immigrants and associated factors. A sample of 262 Chinese immigrants age 60+ was recruited from six older adult centers in NYC. In-person interviews were conducted in Mandarin and Cantonese. Non-English-speaking older Chinese immigrants had very limited knowledge about hospice care. Only 26% of respondents had heard of hospice, and a few could correctly define any components. After receiving a comprehensive definition of hospice care, study participants expressed a positive attitude and a strong willingness to use hospice if near the end of life. Notably, some respondents still held misconceptions about hospice and were less positive in their attitude and preference for hospice care. These findings underscore the necessity for clear and accessible information about hospice among this population throughout the trajectory from good health to end of life. Further research is needed to identify the range of factors that influence the attitudes and preferences of older Chinese immigrants toward hospice care.
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Asiático , Emigrantes e Inmigrantes , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Cuidados Paliativos al Final de la Vida , Humanos , Femenino , Masculino , Anciano , Emigrantes e Inmigrantes/psicología , Emigrantes e Inmigrantes/estadística & datos numéricos , Cuidados Paliativos al Final de la Vida/psicología , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud/etnología , Asiático/psicología , Asiático/estadística & datos numéricos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estados Unidos , Anciano de 80 o más Años , China/etnología , Prioridad del Paciente/etnología , Factores Socioeconómicos , Entrevistas como Asunto , Ciudad de Nueva York , Pueblos del Este de AsiaRESUMEN
Pseudoaneurysm of the mitral-aortic intervalvular fibrosa is rare, particularly in children, and is potentially fatal. This article presents two cases of pediatric mitral-aortic intervalvular fibrosa pseudoaneurysm: one secondary to infective endocarditis and the other confirmed to be congenital in nature. The characteristic echocardiographic manifestations of mitral-aortic intervalvular fibrosa pseudoaneurysm demonstrated in this study will enhance diagnostic efficacy and guide early clinical intervention.
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Objectives: This study investigates the alignment of awareness, attitudes, and preferences regarding hospice care between older Chinese immigrants and their adult children. Methods: Forty older Chinese immigrants and their adult children in New York City were assessed for their awareness, attitudes, and preferences for hospice care. McNemar's and Cohen's Kappa tests examined differences and congruence within parent-child dyads. The Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM) was employed for dyadic analysis using structural equation modeling (SEM). Results: Discrepancies were observed between older parents and adult children, with the latter showing higher awareness and more positive attitudes toward hospice care compared to their parents. While 84.2% of older parents expressed willingness to accept hospice care, only 65.7% of their children believed their parents would desire hospice, and only 39.5% of children expressed a preference for hospice care for their parents. Kappa coefficients indicated poor-to-slight agreement within parent-child dyads, but there was a fair level of agreement in children's perceptions of their parents' preferences and their own preferences for parents. APIM revealed significant actor effects but nonsignificant partner effects, suggesting that parents' and children's preferences are influenced by their own attitudes, but not by those of other family members within the parent-child dyads. Conclusion: The incongruence in attitudes and preferences for hospice care between Chinese immigrant older adults and their children emphasizes the need for culturally-informed education and interventions to facilitate open conversations and ensure patient-centered end-of-life care for older Chinese immigrants.
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OBJECTIVE: Our current study aimed to assess the relationship between TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and ferroptosis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) development. METHODS: The expression of TRAIL was detected by western blot, RT-qRCR and immunohistochemistry. The viability of NSCLC cells was analyzed by CCK-8 kit. The migration and invasion of NSCLC cells were detected by wound healing assay and transwell assay, respectively. Labile iron pool (LIP) was detected based on the calcein-acetoxymethyl ester method. Ferrous iron (Fe2+) and iron levels were assessed by detection kits. The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured using corresponding detection kits. Mice tumor xenograft models were used for the in vivo research. RESULTS: The expression of TRAIL was reduced in H1299, NCL-H1395, and A549 cells compared with BEAS-2B cells. The up-regulation of TRAIL expression significantly reduced cell viability, invasion, and migration of H1299 and A549 cells. TRAIL reduced the expression of ferroptosis-related genes (FTH1, GPX4, and SLC7A11), increased the levels of LIP, iron, and Fe2+, and promoted lipid peroxidation, thereby predisposing NSCLC cells to ferroptosis. TRAIL up-regulated the expression of phosphate modification of ASK-1 and JNK. ASKI-1 inhibitor GS-4977 attenuated the effects of TRAIL on the viability, migration, invasion, and ferroptosis of H1299 cells. Furthermore, TRAIL further suppressed tumor growth and ferroptosis in mice tumor xenograft models. CONCLUSION: We indicated that overexpression of TRAIL induced ferroptosis in NSCLC cells and exerted anti-tumor effects. Mechanistically, TRAIL promoted ferroptosis by the activation of the ASK-1/JNK1 pathway. Our results may provide new therapeutic strategies for NSCLC.
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The excellent dielectric properties and tunable structural design of metal sulfides have attracted considerable interest in realizing electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption. However, compared with traditional monometallic and bimetallic sulfides that are extensively studied, the unique physical characteristics of solid-solution-type sulfides in response to EMW have not been revealed yet. Herein, a unique method for preparing high-purity solid-solution-type sulfides is proposed based on solid-phase in situ exsolution of different metal ions from hybrid precursors. Utilizing CoAl-LDH/MIL-88A composite as a precursor, Fe0.8Co0.2S single-phase nanoparticles are uniformly in situ formed on an amorphous substrate (denoted as CoAl), forming CoAl/Fe0.8Co0.2S heterostructure. Combing with density functional theory (DFT) calculations and wave absorption simulations, it is revealed that Fe0.8Co0.2S solid solution has stronger intracrystal polarization and electronic conductivity than traditional monometallic and bimetallic sulfides, which lead to higher dielectric properties in EM field. Therefore, CoAl/Fe0.8Co0.2S heterostructure exhibits significantly enhanced EMW absorption ability in the low-frequency region (2-6 GHz) and can achieve frequency screening by selectively absorbing EMW of specific frequency. This work not only provides a unique method for preparing high-purity solid-solution-type sulfides but also fundamentally reveals the physical essence of their excellent EMW absorption performance.
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Discrimination of segmented Baijiu contributes to stabilizing the quality of products, improving revenue-generating effects. A fluorescence sensor array is constructed based on four fluorescence characteristic peaks of terbium@lanthanum metal-organic framework (Tb@La-MOF). Its fluorescence signal is specifically quenched, when Tb@La-MOF encounters acetaldehyde. Acetaldehyde may inhibit the absorption of energy by the organic ligands in MOF, or/and hydrogen bonding with -COOH on the organic ligand, resulting in energy transfer to Tb(â ¢). According to this, the quantitative detection of acetaldehyde is completed with a range of 10-300 µM and the detection limit of 5.5 µM. At the same time, it has been successfully applied to the discrimination of segmented Baijiu. Fifteen segmented from three wine cellars are 100 % discriminated with the combined processing of sensor arrays and analytical methods. Accuracy, simplicity, and low-cost are highlights of this fluorescence sensor array, which has considerable potential for application in detection, production, and food field.
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Quantitative microRNA (miRNA) detection is crucial for early breast cancer diagnosis and prognosis. However, quick and stable fluorescence sensing for miRNA identification is still challenging. This work developed a novel label-free detection method based on AuNPs etching for quantitatively detecting miRNA-155. A layer of AuNPs was grown on the surface of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) loaded with Rhodamine 6G (R6G) using seed-mediated growth, followed by probe attachment. In the presence of miRNA-155, the MSN@R6G@AuNP surface loses the protection of the attached probe, rendering AuNPs susceptible to etching by hydrochloric acid. This results in a significant fluorescent signal being released in the free space. The encapsulation with AuNPs effectively reduces signal leakage, while the rapid etching process shortens detection time. This strategy enables sensitive and fast detection with a detection range of 100 fM to 100 nM, a detection limit of 2.18 fM, and a detection time of 30 min. The recovery rate in normal human serum ranges from 99.02 % to 106.34 %. This work presents a simple biosensing strategy with significant potential for application in tumor diagnosis.
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Técnicas Biosensibles , Oro , Nanopartículas del Metal , MicroARNs , Dióxido de Silicio , Oro/química , MicroARNs/análisis , MicroARNs/sangre , Técnicas Biosensibles/métodos , Nanopartículas del Metal/química , Humanos , Dióxido de Silicio/química , Rodaminas/química , Colorantes Fluorescentes/química , Límite de Detección , Espectrometría de FluorescenciaRESUMEN
Background: Thyroid metastasis represents a rare occurrence, with commonly observed primary tumors originating from renal cell carcinoma, malignant neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract, lungs, and breast. However, the metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma to the thyroid gland remains infrequent. Previous investigations have consistently demonstrated an unfavorable prognosis for patients with malignancies that have metastasized to the thyroid. In this context, we present a noteworthy case of thyroid metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), characterized by a distinct ultrasonographic manifestation of diffuse thyroid lesion, deviating from the previously documented imaging presentations of thyroid metastases in HCC. Case presentation: A 62-year-old Chinese female patient was diagnosed with hepatocellular liver cancer in 2019, following which she underwent a radical hepatic resection. Pathological examination revealed HCC located in the right lobe (stage T3bN0M0 IIIB). No additional interventions were administered subsequent to the surgery. After a span of 15 months, the patient presented with dyspnea. Ultrasonographic findings showed diffuse solid infiltration within the thyroid gland, along with tumor thrombi in both internal jugular veins. Computed tomography (CT) scans demonstrated malignant thyroid lesions infiltrating the retropharyngeal space, prevertebral space, and esophageal wall. The subsequent pathology report from the puncture biopsy confirmed the malignant nature of the tumor, and immunohistochemical analysis definitively established its hepatic origin. Conclusions: Patients with a history of HCC should be subjected to long-term monitoring and habitual thyroid ultrasonography. Newly detected thyroid nodules in such patients should be immediately regarded suspect for potential metastatic disease. Even when a nodule doesn't exhibit malignant characteristics on ultrasound, FNAB should be administered promptly to elucidate the pathological condition. Larger, swiftly multiplying thyroid masses should warrant an immediate CNB. The identification of thyroid metastases, particularly when coupled with peripheral tissue invasion, typically signifies a bleak prognosis.
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Introduction: The present study presents the development and validation of a clinical prediction model using random survival forest (RSF) and stepwise Cox regression, aiming to predict the probability of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) progressing to sepsis. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted, gathering clinical data of patients diagnosed with PID between 2008 and 2019 from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)-IV database. Patients who met the Sepsis 3.0 diagnostic criteria were selected, with sepsis as the outcome. Univariate Cox regression and stepwise Cox regression were used to screen variables for constructing a nomogram. Moreover, an RSF model was created using machine learning algorithms. To verify the model's performance, a calibration curve, decision curve analysis (DCA), and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were utilized. Furthermore, the capabilities of the two models for estimating the incidence of sepsis in PID patients within 3 and 7 days were compared. Results: A total of 1064 PID patients were included, of whom 54 had progressed to sepsis. The established nomogram highlighted dialysis, reduced platelet (PLT) counts, history of pneumonia, medication of glucocorticoids, and increased leukocyte counts as significant predictive factors. The areas under the curve (AUCs) of the nomogram for prediction of PID progression to sepsis at 3-day and 7-day (3-/7-day) in the training set and the validation set were 0.886/0.863 and 0.824/0.726, respectively, and the C-index of the model was 0.8905. The RSF displayed excellent performance, with AUCs of 0.939/0.919 and 0.712/0.571 for 3-/7-day risk prediction in the training set and validation set, respectively. Conclusion: The nomogram accurately predicted the incidence of sepsis in PID patients, and relevant risk factors were identified. While the RSF model outperformed the Cox regression models in predicting sepsis incidence, its performance exhibited some instability. On the other hand, the Cox regression-based nomogram displayed stable performance and improved interpretability, thereby supporting clinical decision-making in PID treatment.
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Deep eutectic solvent (DES) is a kind of solvent prepared by mixing hydrogen bond donors and hydrogen bond acceptors, and have become a hot topic in ecological civilization construction due to its low toxicity and sustainability. Its excellent properties such as low volatility, thermal stability and biodegradability make it stand out among many organic solvents and widely used in fields including medicine, chemical industry and agriculture, with broad development prospects. In recent years, the application of DES in the food field has mostly focused on the extraction of small molecular substances, and there are few summaries on the application of DES in macromolecular substances. In this review, we introduced the synthesis, classification and properties of DES, and summarized the application of DES in the food industry for macromolecular substances, including the extraction of macromolecular substances such as chitosan and pectin, as well as the preparation of related macromolecular substrate films. At the same time, we analyzed the characteristics of DES and its advantages and limitations in application, and provided prospects for future development.