RESUMEN
In 2006, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommended HIV screening in healthcare or clinical settings for all persons aged 13-64 years and annual rescreening for populations at high risk for HIV. We used the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System to describe the prevalence and trends of ever tested for HIV and tested for HIV in the past 12 months among US adults. The percentage of ever tested increased from 42.9% in 2011 to 45.9% in 2017; testing in the past 12 months increased from 13.2% in 2011 to 14.8% in 2017. Despite these increases, less than half of US adults have ever been tested for HIV over ten years after CDC's recommendations. Increasing the prevalence of routine HIV screening and rescreening among individuals at high risk will reduce the number of undiagnosed persons with HIV infection and thus prevent new HIV infections-a key strategy in the Ending the HIV Epidemic initiative.
Asunto(s)
Serodiagnóstico del SIDA/estadística & datos numéricos , Infecciones por VIH/diagnóstico , Tamizaje Masivo/estadística & datos numéricos , Serodiagnóstico del SIDA/tendencias , Adolescente , Adulto , Sistema de Vigilancia de Factor de Riesgo Conductual , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. , Estudios Transversales , Epidemias/prevención & control , Femenino , Infecciones por VIH/epidemiología , Infecciones por VIH/prevención & control , Humanos , Masculino , Tamizaje Masivo/tendencias , Persona de Mediana Edad , Prevalencia , Estados Unidos/epidemiología , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
HIV prevention efforts have contributed to a decline in annual HIV infections in the United States. However, progress has been uneven and certain groups and geographic areas continue to be disproportionately affected. Subsequent to implementation of CDC's high-impact HIV prevention approach to reducing new infections, we analyzed national-level CDC-funded HIV test data from 2016 to describe the population being reached in three urbanicity settings (metropolitan: ≥ 1,000,000 population; urban: 50,000-999,999; rural: < 50,000). Over 70% of CDC-funded HIV tests and almost 80% of persons newly diagnosed with HIV as a result of CDC-funded testing occurred in metropolitan areas. Nonetheless, CDC-funded testing efforts are reaching urban and rural areas, especially in the South, providing opportunities to identify persons unaware of their HIV status and link those with newly diagnosed HIV to medical care and prevention services. While CDC-funded testing efforts have continued to focus on population subgroups and geographic areas at greatest risk, efforts should also continue in rural areas and among groups in need with a low national burden.