COVID 19 and Psychological Problems in Mexican Mothers

COVID-19 seriously affected people’s mental health. Possibly symptoms of anxiety, depression and insomnia occur with most frequency in various sectors of the population, especially in mothers. The objective of this research was to evaluate levels of depression, anxiety and insomnia in Mexican mothers who had COVID-19, who care for or cared for patients with COVID-19, or in neither of these two conditions. A sample of 540 Mexican mothers was gathered, a questionnaire was applied to obtain data on sociodemographic variables, as well as instruments to measure depression, anxiety and insomnia. The 70% of the participants had insomnia, 77% had depressive symptoms, while 80.2% showed anxiety. Working mothers presented more severe symptoms of insomnia than housewives. Caring for a COVID-19 patient was significantly associated with the psychological variables evaluated. Mexican mothers who care or cared for COVID-19 patients have high rates of depression, anxiety, and insomnia (AU)

Determinantes socioeconómicos y sociodemográficos asociados al consumo de frutas y verduras de las madres de familia y los hogares de escolares de Jalisco / Socioeconomic and sociodemographic determinants associated with fruit and vegetable consumption among mothers and homes of schoolchildren in Jalisco

Introducción: incrementar el consumo de frutas y verduras es una prioridad, objetivo fundamental en las políticas públicas a nivel mundial. Dado que dicho consumo en los escolares de Jalisco (México) se encuentra por debajo de las recomendaciones alimentarias, es esencial identificar los determinantes que influyen en su consumo de frutas y verduras, para promover el desarrollo de acciones que contribuyan a mejorarlo. Objetivo: identificar los determinantes socioeconómicos y sociodemográficos del consumo de frutas y verduras en las madres de familia y los hogares de escolares de Jalisco, México. Método: estudio transversal analítico, realizado durante el primer trimestre del año 2020 utilizando una frecuencia de consumo de alimentos validada y un cuestionario sobre factores sociodemográficos y socioeconómicos. Resultados: el bajo nivel educativo de las madres de los escolares se asoció con un menor consumo de verduras y el bajo nivel de ingresos en el hogar se asoció con un menor consumo de frutas por los escolares. Conclusiones: el bajo nivel educativo de las madres y el bajo nivel de ingresos de los hogares fueron determinantes asociados al consumo de frutas y verduras de los escolares. Sin embargo, se presentaron diferencias en cuanto a los determinantes para las frutas y para las verduras. Estos factores y sus diferencias deben de tenerse en cuenta para la planificación de acciones que contribuyan a mejorar la ingesta de frutas y verduras en la población escolar (AU)

Introduction: increasing fruit and vegetable consumption is a priority. It has been prioritized as a fundamental objective of public policies worldwide. Given that such consumption in schoolchildren in Jalisco (Mexico) is below the dietary recommendations it is crucial to identify the determinants that influence this consumption to promote the development of contextualized actions that improve it. Objective: to identify the socioeconomic and sociodemographic determinants of fruit and vegetable consumption among mothers and households of schoolchildren in Jalisco, Mexico. Method: an analytical, cross-sectional study carried out during the first quarter of 2020. A validated food consumption frequency and a questionnaire on sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors were used for its development. Results: a lower educational level of the mothers of schoolchildren was associated with a lower consumption of vegetables by schoolchildren. In turn, a lower household income level was associated with a lower consumption of fruits in schoolchildren. Conclusions: a low educational level of mothers and a low household income were determinants associated with fruit and vegetable consumption in schoolchildren. However, there were differences in the determinants for fruits and vegetables. It is essential to consider these factors and their differences in order to plan actions that contribute to improving fruit and vegetable intake in the school population (AU)