Cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation of the Yoruba version of the Health Literacy Questionnaire.

Background: Health literacy is an important multidimensional concept of public health concern and a determinant of health outcomes and access to healthcare which requires robust measurement. The objective of this study was to culturally adapt and establish the psychometric properties of the Yoruba version of the Health Literacy Questionnaire. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of Nigeria Yoruba speaking adults was conducted with the Health Literacy Questionnaire following its translation and adaptation. Data were subject to psychometric evaluation (confirmatory factor analysis, composite reliability, Cronbach's alpha, intra class correlation) and association with sociodemographic variables. Results: A total of 258 adults with mean age 26.7 years participated in the study. The easiest scale to score highly was 'Actively managing my health' and hardest was 'Ability to find good health information' and 'Navigating the healthcare system'. Six one-factor models fitted well without correlated residuals but the other three had a good fit after model modification. Composite reliability and Cronbach's α of ≥ 0.7 were observed for all scales, suggesting good internal consistency of the scales. Test-retest reliability of the Yoruba translation of the Health Literacy Questionnaire was moderate to good in all scales, intra class correlation ranging from 0.66 to 0.76. Conclusion: The Health Literacy Questionnaire was successfully translated and culturally adapted and demonstrated good content and construct validity and high composite reliability. The Yoruba translation of the Health Literacy Questionnaire has the potential of being a useful clinical tool for the assessment of health literacy, especially among Yoruba speaking community of Nigeria. Thereby helping to improve the health outcomes through access to healthcare.

Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation of yoruba version of the short-form 12 health survey.

Conclusion: This is the first study to assess the psychometric properties of the Y-SF-12. It appears to be valid and may be an appropriate tool for assessing health-related quality of life among Yoruba population. The tool may help to improve the health outcomes of individuals, and redress health inequalities in low and middle-income countries. Background: Short Form 12 (SF-12) health survey has found its utility in clinical and research settings because of its short length that spares time. Though several translations into other languages do exist there is none available in Yoruba language. Hence, this study's objective was to culturally adapt and determine the reliability and validity of the Yoruba translated version of the SF-12. Methods: Forward and backward translations of SF-12 into Yoruba version of SF-12 (Y-SF-12) were done using the International Quality of Life Assessment Project Guidelines. Healthy participants were assessed using both English and Yoruba versions of SF-12 for the validation phase, and two weeks later were reassessed with the Y-SF-12 for the reliability phase. Results: Participants were 225 males and 171 females. The mean scores for each scale range from 73.4 to 86.1, with no gender difference. All scale and domain scores evidenced a negative skew and ranges from -1.79 to -0.62. Concurrent validity (0.879 - 0.938) and convergent validity (0.786 - 0.907) appeared to be good as reflected by their correlation values. The internal consistency of Y-SF-12 was good as Cronbach's Alpha ranged between 0.899 and 0.968, while the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) ranged between 0.775 and 0.949.

Translation and psychometric evaluation of the Yoruba version of the STarT Back tool among persons with long-term non-specific low-back pain.

Conclusion: The Y-SBT have acceptable psychometric properties. It is recommended for use among Yoruba speaking patients with LBP. Background: Translating questionnaires into local languages is essential as it aids easy accessibility and understanding of such questionnaires by patients and their health caregivers. The STarT Back Tool (SBT), validated tool used to classify subgroups of persons with Low-Back Pain, has few translated versions. We translated the STarT Back Tool into the Yoruba language and established its psychometric properties among patients with long-term non-specific Low-Back Pain. Methods: Following the Lenz protocol, the SBT was successfully cross-culturally adapted into the Yoruba language. One hundred consenting patients (mean age = 57.0±11.43 years, 55% females) took part in the validation phase, while 53 of them participated in the test-retest phase. Psychometric indices of the Y-SBT assessed showed internal consistency, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), ceiling and floor effects and divergent validity. Results: The sub- and total Cronbach's α score for Y-SBT was 0.704 and 0.857, respectively. The test-retest reliability of the sub- and total scores of the Y-SBT yielded an ICC of 0.82 (95% CI: 0.74 - 0.87) and 0.89 (95% CI: 0.84 - 0.93), respectively. The divergent validity for sub- and total-scores of the Y-SBT based on Quadruple Visual Analogue Scale score for on-going pain was r = 0.374 (p = 0.001) and r = 0.432 (p = 0.001), respectively. The Y-SBT had no ceiling or floor effects.

Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation of the Yoruba version of the Back beliefs questionnaire among patients with chronic low-back pain.

PURPOSE: To translate, culturally adapt and conduct a psychometric evaluation of the Yoruba version of the Back Beliefs Questionnaire (BBQ) among patients with chronic low-back pain. METHODS: The English version of the BBQ was translated into the Yoruba language through a process of forward-backward translation, reconciliation and harmonization of the reconciled items sequentially. Thereafter, Cronbach's Alpha, Intra-Class Correlation (ICC), Bland-Altman's analysis were used to determine the internal consistency, test-retest reliability and limits of agreement of the Yoruba version of the BBQ (BBQ-Y). Other psychometric properties of the BBQ-Y explored comprised acceptability, standard error of measurement (SEM), minimal detectable change (MDC), convergent validity and floor and ceiling effects. While 119 respondents participated in the validity testing, only 51 of them were involved in the reliability testing of the BBQ-Y. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Alpha level was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS: The mean age of the respondents all the respondents was 56.8 ± 8.5 years. The BBQ-Y had excellent acceptability with a global Cronbach Alpha score of 0.71. The SEM and MDC of the BBQ-Y were 2.3 and 6.4. The BBQ-Y ICC score for test-retest was 0.89, while the Bland-Altman analysis showing limits of agreements for the test-retest reliability were - 6.84 and 5.70. The convergent validity of the BBQ-Y showed a weak correlation (r = 0.273, p = 0.001) with pain intensity using the visual analogue scale. CONCLUSION: This is the first study to culturally adapt the BBY-Y and determined its psychometric properties. The BBQ-Y has adequate psychometric properties and it is an appropriate outcome measure for use among Yoruba speaking patients with chronic low-back pain.

Obesity prevalence in adult residents of Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Few data on obesity exist on Sub-Sahara population in Africa. This study investigated the prevalence of obesity and Body Mass Index (BMI) percentile and quartiles in accordance with sex and age in adult residents of the historic ancient semi-urban community of Ile-Ife, South-West, Nigeria. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 2097 adults aged 21 years and above were recruited into the door-to-door survey through a multi-stage cluster sampling technique. The World Health Organization (WHO) criteria based on BMI was used in the definition of overweight and obesity. Height and weight were measured using standardized procedures. RESULTS: The mean age and BMI of the participants were 44.2 years and 24.2 Kg/m2 respectively. Although age-matched; the females had higher BMI values compared to males (23.8 vs. 24.5 Kg/m2). The overall crude prevalence of overweight (25.0-29.9 Kg/m2) and obesity (>30 Kg/m2) were 20.3% and 12.5% respectively. The rates of overweight (17.9 vs. 22.1 Kg/m2) and obesity (9.7 vs. 14.5 Kg/m2) were both higher in women than men. Obesity increased across age gradient from young to old adults; peaking in the 60-69-year age group. The first to fourth BMI quartiles were = 20.4 Kg/m2, 20.5-24.1 Kg/m2, 24.2-25.2 Kg/m2, = 25.3 Kg/ m2 respectively in the study population. At all ages; more females (32.4%) than males (24.7%) were placed within fourth BMI quartile. The 95th percentile BMI in the study population was 33.4 Kg/m2. CONCLUSION: Overweight and obesity are common in Nigerians, particular among females and elderly. The prevalence estimates of overweight and obesity in Nigerians is comparable with prevalence among Blacks in other populations.