Evaluation of the subtle effects and oxidative stress response of chloramphenicol, thiamphenicol, and florfenicol in Daphnia magna.

Phenicol antibiotics, such as chloramphenicol, thiamphenicol, and florfenicol, are commonly used in the veterinary and aquaculture fields to treat diseases and have frequently been detected in aquatic environments. Nevertheless, there is limited information regarding the effects of phenicol antibiotics on aquatic nontarget species. Thus, the present study aims to investigate the long-term (21-d) influence on the reproduction and growth of and the acute (24-h) oxidative response and tissue damage in the crustacean Daphnia magna after exposure to phenicol drugs, including their environmental concentrations. The results indicate that D. magna exposed to florfenicol are likely to cause more adverse effects than those exposed to chloramphenicol and thiamphenicol over long-term (21-d) exposures. Furthermore, changes in biochemical biomarkers such as malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), and reduced glutathione (GSH) induced by individual and mixtures of phenicol antibiotics were also observed. Low concentrations of chloramphenicol, thiamphenicol + florfenicol, and chloramphenicol + thiamphenicol significantly increased the MDA levels of D. magna after 24-h exposures, causing cellular oxidative damage in the animals. In addition, discrepancies between CAT activities and GSH levels were observed, underscoring the need to evaluate multiple indicators of oxidative stress in toxicological studies using D. magna as a model. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:575-584. © 2018 SETAC.

Research on the medical service pricing policy in China′s ongoing healthcare reform / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective To analyze the medical service pricing policy of 30 provinces and autonomous regions in China and recommend on problems and challenges, for reference of medical service pricing reform in the future.Methods Literature review and policy analysis were used for summary and performance appraisal of medical service pricing of China.Results Most of the areas surveyed followed the step-by-step approach to gradually adjust pricing, while a few areas completed it in a one-time adjustment manner.2015 witnessed most areas, up to 20 (66.67%), in price adjustment;their price adjustments focused on price reduction of large-scale medical equipment inspection fees and some medical tests.On the other hand, prices of diagnosis, nursing care, and treatment which are labor-intensive were increased.Conclusions Specifications of medical services are improving, yet there exist great gaps in the convergence of medical insurance.It is advisable to expedite the convergence of the new version specifications, to achieve value regression and dynamic price adjustment of medical services.

The effect of health education on the compliance and mental health in patients of the department of cardiology / 中国现代医生

Objective To explore the effect of health education on the compliance and mental health in patients of the Department of cardiology. Methods Selected 154 patients from the department of cardiology from April 2013 to April 2014 in the first people's hospital of Chunan county. These patients were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group. Normal nursing was given to the patients in the control group. Besides normal nursing, health education was conducted on the observation group. The SAS score, SDS score and the compliance were recorded and compared between those two groups. Results After health education, SAS score and SDS score of the patients in the ob-servation group and the control group were significantly lower than before health education(t=78.48, P<0.01; t=57.04, P<0.01), and the SAS score and SDS score of patients in control group were also significantly lower than before(t=26.99, P<0.01;t=24.4, P<0.01). While, after health education, the SAS score and SDS score of the patients in the obser-vation group were significantly lower than that of the patients in the control group(t=45.79, P<0.01; t=41.27, P<0.01). The compliance rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group(x2=37.762,P<0.01), and the compliance of the patients in the observation group was significantly better than that of the control group(Z=-6.456, P<0.01). Conclusion Health education can reduce the incidence of anxious or depression for patients in depart-ment of Cardiology, improve the treatment compliance. And it is worthy of promotion and application.

The Measurement of NK Cells Activity and Interferon Titers in Murine Coxsackievirus B_3 Induced Myocarditis / 第二军医大学学报

The level of interferon (IFN) in serum and homogenized cardiac tissue, and the activity of natural killer cells in Coxsackievirus B3 induced myocarditis in BALB/c mice were determined. NK cell cytolytic activity and IFN titers peaked on day 3~ 7 postinoculation (p.i.) and then declined. Virus titers in heart tissue reached a maximum on day 7 p.i. and then declined. These results suggest that the increase of NK cell activity and IFN titers provides some protection against Cox B, induced myocarditis by limiting virus replication in heart tissue.

HYBRIDOMA CELL LINES SECRETING MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES AGAINST THE TYPE B TOXIN OF CLOSTRIDIUM BOTULINUM / 解放军医学杂志

The spleen cells from the BALB/C mouse immunized with the type B toxoid were fused with aNS-1 myeloma cell line. The superatant containing the hybridoma-formed cells with growing pores wasscreened by EL1SA, in which 66.7% the pores could secrete the specific antibodies against botulin.After a Subclonizing culture by the limiting dilution technique four hybridoma cell lines(3B10, 3B11, 3G12 and 4A5) were established and could secrete the specific antibodies persistently in the culture medium. in which antibody titers came to 10-3-10-5, while they were injected into the BALB/C mice intrape ritoneally ascites rich in antibodies with a titer of 10-5-10-8 was produced. The results testing the (our monoclonal antibodies with the type A and B toxoids showed that the antibodies of 3G12and 4A5 were specific for the type B toxoid, and those of 3B10 and 3B11 had light cross reaction with the type A toxoid. Identification of 1g showed that the antibodies of 3B10 and 3G12 were of IgG1, while those of 3B11 and 4A5 of IgG2. The chromosomal assay confirmed the four cell lines to be hybridoma. The neutroligation test in mice revealed that those four monoclonal antibodies did not show any protective effects on botulin.