Localization of trigger points of female myofascial pelvic pain guided by tenderness with transvaginal ultrasound probe / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective:To develop a simple, practical and repeatable ultrasound method to locate the muscle at the trigger point of female myofascial pelvic pain(MPP), which can provide imaging reference for clinical precision treatment.Methods:A total of 113 patients with suspected MPP who came to the Women′s Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University from September 1, 2021 to April 20, 2023 were prospectively selected. The gynecologist performed internal examination with index finger on some pelvic floor muscles (puborectalis, pubococcygeus, iliococcygeus, coccygeus) and pelvic wall muscles (piriformis and obturator internus) respectively, searched for the muscles where the pain trigger point was located, and scored the pain by referring to visual analogue scale (VAS) and numerical rating scale (NRS), and then referred the patients to the ultrasound department. The ultrasound doctor used transvaginal ultrasound to display the above muscle groups in real time for observation and appropriate pressure. The muscle where the painful trigger point was located was found through tenderness and the pain score was performed. The two scores were compared for consistency and difference analysis.Results:The trigger point was clear and of good reproducibility. For the location and score of pain trigger points located in bilateral puborectalis, pubococcygeus and coccygeus, there was a strong consistency between the tenderness guided by vaginal ultrasound probe and clinical palpation (the consistency rate was ≥70%), and there was no significant difference in the pain scores of the trigger points located in the puborectalis muscle and coccygeal muscle between the two methods ( P>0.05), and there was statistically significant difference in the pain scores of the trigger points located in the other pelvic floor and pelvic wall muscles (all P<0.05). At the same time, ultrasonic examination made up for the deficiency of clinical palpation in the evaluation of piriformis muscle. Conclusions:The present method for finding the trigger point of MPP guided by the ultrasound probe is a new non-invasive, safe, simple and practical imaging method, which can provide a new imaging reference for the clinical diagnosis of MPP and the formulation of treatment strategies.

Sexual assault and associated factors among middle school students in one city of Sichuan Province / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To understand the current situation and influencing factors of sexual assault among middle school students, and to provide a basis for promoting healthy psychosocial environment for children and adolescents.@*Methods@#A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 471 middle school students in one city of Sichuan Province from April to May 2020 using multi stage stratified cluster sampling.@*Results@#The proportion of middle school students who have been raped, indecent assault and sexual assault was 1.6%, 3.7% and 9.4%, respectively. About 23.8% of them had suffered two or more types of sexual assault; 75.1 % to 82.1% of sexual assault occurred between the ages of 9 and 15. Between 36.3% and 62.3% of sexual assault subjects were acquaintances of the same generation. Pornography exposure was the same risk factor for the three types of sexual assault (rape: OR= 9.93, 95%CI =3.09-27.57; sexual obscenity: OR=7.83, 95%CI =3.95-15.53; sexual harassment: OR=5.22, 95%CI= 3.52- 7.73, P <0.01). Low gender identity was the same risk factor for both suffering sexual obscenity and sexual harassment (sexual obscenity: OR=2.37, 95%CI =1.31-4.29; sexual harassment: OR=1.73, 95%CI=1.16-2.58, P <0.01). The long term absence of mothers was a risk factor for suffering sexual rape among middle school students ( OR=3.10, 95%CI =1.31-7.30), as well as father s sex education was a risk factor for suffering sexual obscenity among middle school students ( OR=2.52, 95%CI = 1.26 - 5.03 )( P <0.01).@*Conclusion@#Pornography exposure is the same risk factor for all types of sexual assault among middle school students. Low gender identity is the same risk factor for indecent assault and sexual harassment. Sexual education capabilities of families and schools should be improved, and attention should be paid to the gender identity and sexual mental health of middle school students.

The design of an instrument furnished with hydrogen clearance technique for measuring local blood-flow and the microcomputer analysis curve on hydrogen clearance / 生物医学工程学杂志

A new instrument, furnished with hydrogen clearance technique for measuring local blood-flow, was designed by use of new electronic components and a microcontroller. The corresponding program was developed. The curve of hydrogen clearance was sampled automatically by microcomputer, fitted into an exponential function by least square method, and then the local blood-flow was calculated. The cerebral blood-flow in the rat's striatum had been measured using the system. The fitted curve corresponds with the curve of hydrogen clearance and the obtained parameter was correct. The design of the instrument was reasonable. It can work reliably and stably. The calculated results are more accurate and they can be acquired more quickly, because the curve of hydrogen clearance is automatically sampled and analyzed by the microcomputer.

Effects of diltiazem on insulin level in rats / 中国药理学通报

AIM The effects of calcium antagonist diltiazem on plasma insulin levels were investigated in rats. METHODS Plasma insulin was measured with radioimmunoassay method. RESULTS In the fasting rat, plasma insulin levels were significantly increased after ig diltiazem 10 mg?kg -1 and 100 mg?kg -1 , and the level of plasma insulin was increased by 131% 30 min after administration of diltiazem 100 mg?kg -1 in comparison with that of control group. Diltiazem increased the plasma insulin level markedly in glucose tolerance test of the rat. In the hyperglycemia rat induced by adrenaline, diltiazem 100 mg?kg -1 weakly increased the plasma insulin level only at 1 h after administration. CONCLUSION Diltiazem increases the plasma insulin levels in the fasting rat and glucose loaded rat. The increase of plasma insulin level induced by diltiazem is due to the hyperglycemic action of diltiazem and other effect, probably a direct or an indirect insulin release action on pancreas of the rat.