High-resolution Computed Tomography Thorax Volumetric Assessment in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients and Correlation with Pulmonary Function Tests.

INTRODUCTION: Years after SARS coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) recovery, residual pulmonary abnormalities may still exist. This brings on the question of whether or not COVID-19 could have comparable late consequences. Structural changes in the lungs after recovery can be better visualized using computed tomography (CT) thorax. Computed Tomography Lung Parenchymal changes during hospitalization by COVID-19 and after 4 months of follow-up to correlate with the volumetric high-resolution computed tomography thorax indices, Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) indices, SpO2, and 6 min Walking Test (6MWT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a Hospital based cross-sectional study, with a follow-up among 100 Patients from 2020 to 2022. Each patient's different CT parameters and HRCT volumetric indices Normal Lung (NL), Normal Lung Percentage (NL%), Whole Lung (WL) were correlated with the PFT indices (Forced expiratory volume in 1s [FEV1], forced vital capacity [FVC], FEV1/FVC), Oxygen Saturation (SpO2) and 6-Minute Walking Test (6MWT). RESULTS: The mean NL (L) and NL% during COVID were significantly lower than the mean values 4 months post-COVID. Architectural distortion, bronchiolar dilatation, interstitial thickening, and parenchymal bands were reduced considerably after 4 months post-COVID, compared to during COVID. PFTs results, such as PFT indices, were not significantly different after 4 months post-COVID, compared to during COVID. SpO2 (%) and 6 MWT (m) were significantly increased. During COVID and post-COVID, the values of NL (L) and NL (%) had a significant positive correlation with PFT indices, SpO2, and 6MWT (m). CONCLUSION: Hence, the different CT indices (NL and NL%) can be used as a surrogate for functional recovery of COVID patients since it correlates with the PFT indices (FEV1 and FEV1/FVC), SpO2, and 6MWT post-COVID.

Résumé Introduction:Des années après la guérison du SRAS Covid-19, des anomalies pulmonaires résiduelles peuvent encore exister. Cela amène à se demander si le Covid-19 pourrait ou non avoir des conséquences tardives comparables. Les changements structurels dans les poumons après la récupération peuvent être mieux visualisés à l'aide de CT-Thorax. Étudier les changements CT post-Covid pendant l'hospitalisation et après quatre mois de suivi de l'infection, et corréler les indices volumétriques du thorax HRCT avec les indices des tests de la fonction pulmonaire (PFT), la SpO2 et le test de marche de 6 min (6MWT).Matériels et méthodes:Il s'agit d'une étude transversale en milieu hospitalier, avec un suivi de 100 patients de 2020 à 2022. Les différents paramètres CT et indices volumétriques HRCT de chaque patient Poumon normal (NL), Pourcentage pulmonaire normal (NL%), Les poumons entiers (WL) étaient corrélés avec les indices PFT (volume expiratoire forcé en 1 s [FEV1], capacité vitale forcée [FVC], FEV1/FVC), saturation en oxygène (SpO2) et test de marche de 6 minutes (6MWT).Résultats:Les moyennes NL (L) et NL% pendant le Covid étaient significativement inférieures aux valeurs moyennes 4 mois post-covid. La distorsion architecturale, la dilatation bronchiolaire, l'épaississement interstitiel et les bandes parenchymateuses ont été considérablement réduits après 4 mois post-covid, par rapport à pendant Covid. Les résultats des tests de la fonction pulmonaire, tels que les indices PFT, n'étaient pas significativement différents après 4 mois post-covid, par rapport à pendant Covid. SpO2 (%) et 6 MWT (m) ont été significativement augmentés. Pendant Covid et post-covid, les valeurs de NL (L) et NL (%) avaient une corrélation positive significative avec les indices PFT, SpO2 et 6 MWT (m).Conclusion:Ainsi, les différents indices CT (NL, NL %) peuvent être utilisés comme substitut de la récupération fonctionnelle des patients Covid car ils sont corrélés aux indices PFT (FEV1, FEV1/FVC), SpO2, 6-MWT post-covid.

Tumor thickness and depth of invasion in squamous cell carcinoma of tongue as indicators of the loco-regional spread of the disease: A preliminary study.

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a routinely used imaging modality for pre-treatment radiologic evaluation of tongue carcinoma, providing accurate information regarding the extent of the disease. Aims and objectives: To investigate the role of MRI-derived depth of invasion and tumor thickness evaluation in squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue, and to assess if any correlation exists between depth of invasion, tumor thickness, nodal metastasis, muscles, and space involved. Materials and methods: Thirty-three patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue who had undergone pre-treatment MRI and excisional biopsy were included. The tumor thickness (TT) and depth of invasion (DOI) were evaluated on MRI and histopathologic images. Result: The relation between different methodologies for assessing showed a very high correlation for the tumor tissue thickness (r = 0.99, p < 0.05) and depth of invasion (r = 0.82, p < 0.05). The tumor thickness and the depth of invasion increased with the loss of differentiation in the carcinoma histopathologically. As the depth of invasion increases, the extent of the spread of the carcinoma to tongue musculature, lingual septum, and spaces also increases. Conclusion: The present study has depicted a high correlation between the tumor thickness and the depth of invasion between MRI and histopathological findings and is the first of its kind to correlate DOI to the invasiveness of the disease.

Case Report- A rare case of giant hyperplastic polyp.

Giant gastric hyperplastic polyps are the most common benign epithelial tumors in the stomach. These are non-neoplastic epithelial proliferations of the stomach which are strongly associated with inflammatory conditions like chronic gastritis, helicobacter pylori gastritis, reactive or chemical gastritis. A 60 years old gentleman presented with history of two bouts of hematemesis preceded by multiple intermittent episodes of epigastric pain, nausea and few episodes of non-bilious vomiting without any history of previous gastrointestinal bleed, loss of appetite or significant weight loss. Work up with ultrasonography of abdomen, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, contrast enhanced computed tomography abdomen, laboratory investigations followed by biopsy and histopathology was done which confirmed the diagnosis. Giant hyperplastic polyps are benign epithelial tumor of stomach often resulting from excessive regenerative hyperplasia in areas of chronic inflammation with no site predilection and nearly no malignant potential. Usually asymptomatic, these are incidentally detected on upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with characteristic appearance of such polyps on double contrast barium study followed by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and biopsy is definitive for diagnosis.

Primary gastric Hodgkin's lymphoma: A rare coincidence.

Mostly primary gastric lymphomas are of the non-Hodgkin variety. Primary Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) of the stomach is an unusual entity that may be a big challenge in diagnosis. We reporter are case presenting as gastric outlet obstruction, which was later diagnosed as primary Hodgkin's Lymphoma of the stomach. Its rare coincidence makes it worth to be reported to sensitize clinicians as well as pathologists for the uncommon extra nodal site of Hodgkin's Lymphoma.