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1.
Emerg Infect Dis ; 28(5): 1060-1061, 2022 05.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35447060

RESUMEN

Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is transmitted mainly by tick bites, but humans can acquire infection through consuming unpasteurized milk from infected animals. Interhuman transmission of TBEV by breast milk has not been confirmed or ruled out. We report a case of probable transmission of TBEV from an unvaccinated mother to an infant through breast-feeding.


Asunto(s)
Virus de la Encefalitis Transmitidos por Garrapatas , Encefalitis Transmitida por Garrapatas , Mordeduras de Garrapatas , Animales , Femenino , Humanos , Leche Humana , Madres
2.
Lancet Respir Med ; 12(9): 714-727, 2024 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39127051

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: By March, 2023, 54 countries, areas, and territories (hereafter CAT) in the WHO European Region had reported more than 2·2 million COVID-19-related deaths to the WHO Regional Office for Europe. Here, we estimated how many lives were directly saved by vaccinating adults in the WHO European Region from December, 2020, to March, 2023. METHODS: In this retrospective surveillance study, we estimated the number of lives directly saved by age group, vaccine dose, and circulating variant-of-concern (VOC) period, regionally and nationally, using weekly data on COVID-19 mortality and infection, COVID-19 vaccination uptake, and SARS-CoV-2 virus characterisations by lineage downloaded from The European Surveillance System on June 11, 2023, as well as vaccine effectiveness data from the literature. We included data for six age groups (25-49 years, 50-59 years, ≥60 years, 60-69 years, 70-79 years, and ≥80 years). To be included in the analysis, CAT needed to have reported both COVID-19 vaccination and mortality data for at least one of the four older age groups. Only CAT that reported weekly data for both COVID-19 vaccination and mortality by age group for 90% of study weeks or more in the full study period were included. We calculated the percentage reduction in the number of expected and reported deaths. FINDINGS: Between December, 2020, and March, 2023, in 34 of 54 CAT included in the analysis, COVID-19 vaccines reduced deaths by 59% overall (CAT range 17-82%), representing approximately 1·6 million lives saved (range 1·5-1·7 million) in those aged 25 years or older: 96% of lives saved were aged 60 years or older and 52% were aged 80 years or older; first boosters saved 51% of lives, and 60% were saved during the Omicron period. INTERPRETATION: Over nearly 2·5 years, most lives saved by COVID-19 vaccination were in older adults by first booster dose and during the Omicron period, reinforcing the importance of up-to-date vaccination among the most at-risk individuals. Further modelling work should evaluate indirect effects of vaccination and public health and social measures. FUNDING: US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.


Asunto(s)
Vacunas contra la COVID-19 , COVID-19 , SARS-CoV-2 , Humanos , COVID-19/prevención & control , COVID-19/mortalidad , COVID-19/epidemiología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Vacunas contra la COVID-19/administración & dosificación , Adulto , Europa (Continente)/epidemiología , Anciano de 80 o más Años , SARS-CoV-2/inmunología , Programas de Inmunización/estadística & datos numéricos , Organización Mundial de la Salud , Masculino , Femenino
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