The redox balance of healthy Brazilian adults is associated with GPX1 Pro198Leu and -602A/G polymorphisms, selenium status, and anthropometric and lifestyle parameters.

PURPOSE: Considering that oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of different health conditions, we aimed to evaluate whether the redox balance of a healthy Brazilian population is associated with GPX1 polymorphisms, selenium status, lipid profile, and anthropometric and lifestyle parameters. METHODS: 343 healthy adults were assessed for redox balance markers [glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity; malondialdehyde (MDA) and oxygen radical absorption capacity (ORAC)]; genotyped for the polymorphisms GPX1 Pro198Leu (rs1050450), -602A/G (rs3811699) and Arg5Pro (rs8179169); evaluated for selenium biomarkers (plasma, erythrocyte, and urine) and intake; and assessed for lipid profile. Anthropometric (BMI) and lifestyle data (physical activity, current smoking habit and alcohol consumption) were collected. Multivariable regression models were applied to investigate the possible associations. RESULTS: Although there were no differences in GPx activity according to GPX1 Pro198Leu and -602A/G polymorphisms, this redox balance marker was positively associated with erythrocyte selenium and negatively associated with the presence of a minor allele of Pro198Leu. SOD activity was positively associated with the presence of a minor allele for these polymorphisms. ORAC showed the same pattern among Leu and G carriers and was positively associated with Leu allele presence, BMI and alcohol intake. MDA was only associated negatively with the male sex and plasma selenium. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the redox balance of a Brazilian healthy population is associated with GPX1 polymorphisms (Pro198Leu and -602A/G), selenium status, BMI, sex, smoking habit and alcohol consumption.

Controle da anemia ferropriva em pré-escolares por meio da fortificaçäo de alimento com concentrado de hemoglobina bovina: estudo preliminar / Iron deficiency anemia control in pre-school children by food fortification with bovine hemoglobin: preliminary study

O efeito da introduçao de biscoitos fortificados com ferro hemínico no estado de nutriçao de ferro de pré-escolares foi avaliado em um estudo piloto que inclui 16 crianças com idade entre 2 e 4 anos, de uma cresche pública do estado do Piauí. A fonte de ferro utilizada foi o sangue bovino seco pelo processo de leito de jorro, uma alternativa para a secagem em spray, adaptada para a secagem de sangue. A primeira tomada de amostra, detectou-se anemia (Hb < 11g/dL) em 12 crianças (75%). O valor médio de Hb foi de 9,4 2,6g/dL. Os biscoitos fortificados com 3% de concentrado de hemoglobina bovina foram introduzidos na dieta oferecida (5 biscoitos (4mg Fe)/d) durante 3 meses. Após esse período, houve aumento da concentraçao de hemoglobina em todas as crianças e ausência de anemia (Hb=13,2 0,2g/dL). Os resultados obtidos apontam para a utilizaçao do sangue total seco como uma fonte de ferro hemínico possível de ser utilizada na fortificaçao de alimentos, principalmente dirigidos a grupos de risco de anemia por deficiência de ferro, como é o caso dos pré-escolares