Linear chirped slope profile for spatial calibration in slope measuring deflectometry.

Slope measuring deflectometry is commonly used by the X-ray optics community to measure the long-spatial-wavelength surface figure error of optical components dedicated to guide and focus X-rays under grazing incidence condition at synchrotron and free electron laser beamlines. The best performing instruments of this kind are capable of absolute accuracy on the level of 30-50 nrad. However, the exact bandwidth of the measurements, determined at the higher spatial frequencies by the instrument's spatial resolution, or more generally by the instrument's modulation transfer function (MTF) is hard to determine. An MTF calibration method based on application of a test surface with a one-dimensional (1D) chirped height profile of constant amplitude was suggested in the past. In this work, we propose a new approach to designing the test surfaces with a 2D-chirped topography, specially optimized for MTF characterization of slope measuring instruments. The design of the developed MTF test samples based on the proposed linear chirped slope profiles (LCSPs) is free of the major drawback of the 1D chirped height profiles, where in the slope domain, the amplitude strongly increases with the local spatial frequency of the profile. We provide the details of fabrication of the LCSP samples. The results of first application of the developed test samples to measure the spatial resolution of the BESSY-NOM at different experimental arrangements are also presented and discussed.

[Thiocyanate content in blood plasma, udder lymph and milk from healthy cows and cows with mastitis]. / Thiocyanatgehalt in Blutplasma, Euterlymphe und Milch von gesunden und euterkranken Kühen.

After storage for more than one year the SCN(-)-content of udder lymph was not changed seriously, but in blood serum and mainly in milk, there is an evident decrease. In lactational cows with healthy udders the SCN(-)-content of blood plasma is higher than in milk (in average twice). There is no difference of the SCN(-)-content of the four udder parts of healthy cows. Decrease of milk production (10. to 13. lactational month) causes an increase of the SCN(-)-content of the milk, it is not changed in subclinical mastitis. In lactational cows with healthy udders the SCN(-)-content of udder lymph is nearly triple higher in average than in milk of the corresponding quarter of the udder. The existence of a common compartment of SCN- in blood and udder lymph is assumed, which is separated from them of the milk by the blood udder barrier.

[The effect of thioglycoside-containing feed on the growth, thyroid hormone and thiocyanate status of swine and poultry]. / Einfluss thioglycosidhaltigen Futters auf Wachstum, Schilddrüsenhormon- und Thiocyanatstatus von Schwein und Geflügel.

Feed containing rapeseed meal (RSM) with high glucosinolate content (10 mmol/kg feed) induced a strong increase of thyroid weight in pigs and poultry. Supplementary iodine reduced the antithyroid effect, but, it could not cancel it. Only at a low glucosinolate content (0.7 mmol/kg feed) a normal weight of thyroid was established. As the iodine supplementation increased the serum T4 value increased. The thiocyanate serum level increased irrespective of glucosinolate content of the feed. The urine level was significantly decreased due to lower dietary glucosinolate level. Obviously, the goitrogenic effect of the RSM does not correlate with the increased thiocyanate serum level.