RESUMEN
The term "regulatory guillotine" means analysis of all existing normative legal acts in order to understand their compliance with modern requirements. If these regulations meet the requirements, then the rules remain; if not, they must either be canceled and new regulation to be elaborated or corresponding changes must be implemented to current regulation. To resolve this problem, the government of the Russian Federation decided to implement the "regulatory guillotine" procedure. The main task of this procedure is to completely replace the entire array of norms that establish mandatory requirements with new ones by January 1, 2021. This will reduce administrative burden on business and increase level of security for consumers of various services. The same work is applied to the standards regulating management of quality and safety of medical activities. The article analyzes normative legal acts that regulate quality and safety management of medical activities, as well as new normative legal acts that are already accepted but still are not entered into force.
Asunto(s)
Comercio , Regulación Gubernamental , Medicina , Federación de RusiaRESUMEN
In Russia, in the conditions of ongoing demographic crisis and socioeconomic transformations, the reproduction of population, including indigenous minorities, is the urgent problem. The analysis of dynamics of the age structure and reproductive parameters of women of three generations was carried out in order to determine the characteristics of reproduction of the Shors, the indigenous minority of the Kemerovo Region. The statistical data of population censuses (1970-2015), questionnaire materials, records of household books were used as sources of information. The average indices of the main parameters of reproduction of the Shors were calculated and their comparative analysis was carried out. The analysis of the reproductive characteristics of Shor women: the average age of the onset of menopause and menarche (climacterium is from 46.9±1.95 to 46.5±0.70 years, menarche from 14.5±0.65 to 13.9±0, 21 years old, p>0,05), the duration of the physiological reproductive period and the age of the woman at birth of the first child (22.5±0.42 years, 21.02±0.41 years, p>0,05) in a number of generations varied not statistically significant. There had been tendency of acceleration of rate of of process of puberty in female representatives of the "young" generation. The reproductive-active period reduced in 3 generations by 2 times (from 14.0 to 6.7 years). The age of woman at birth of the last child decreased from 36.5±0.65 to 27.7±1.09 years. The number of live-born infants decreased from 5.8±0.33 to 2.4±0.16 children. In women of all generations, there was high frequency of induced abortions (3.4±0.35 abortions). The negative dynamics of reproduction of the indigenous Shor population was established. The number of the Shors decreased from 14,059 people in 1970 to 10,672 people in 2010. The disproportion in gender ratio increased and absolute and relative volumes of pre-reproductive and reproductive contingents decreased. The Shors are characterized by narrowed mode of reproduction and regressive type of population age structure.
Asunto(s)
Aborto Espontáneo , Reproducción , Adulto , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Menarquia , Menopausia , Persona de Mediana Edad , Embarazo , Federación de Rusia , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Since the publication of the reports of the Institute of medicine "To Err is to Human" and "Crossing the Quality Chasm" considerable attention in medical organizations all over the world is paid to improving quality medical care and safety of patients. The improvement of quality can consolidate health care delivery systems, improve efficiency of health sector and accelerate achievement of health-related goals. Therefore, quality improvement nowadays occupies meaningful position in health care policy programs in countries with different income levels.
Asunto(s)
Atención a la Salud , Calidad de la Atención de Salud , Política de Salud , Humanos , Mejoramiento de la CalidadRESUMEN
The authors provide information about the factors affecting the quality of medical care, recent changes in the regulatory framework in medical education and its development in Russia compared with developed countries. For healthcare leaders are described the risks for the implementation of these changes in public health practice, are given recommendations for leveling the risks and further improve the quality of medical care in the Russian Federation.