Evaluation of risk factors in atherosclerosis in workers with chronic fluorine intoxication.

Complex medical examination covered 87 metallurgists of aluminium production with chronic fluorine intoxication and 43 metallurgists witout occupational diseases, aged 40 to 60, to evaluate factors associated with multi-focal atherosclerosis risk in aluminium production workers with chronic fluorine intoxication. Findings are increased incidence of ischemic heart disease and combined atherosclerosis of extracranial and peripheral arteries in workers with long exposure to fluorine compounds. Metallurgists with chronic fluorine intoxication appeared to have more frequent hyperfibrinogenemia and coronary personality type A, if compared to those without occupational diseases.

Diagnostic features of atherosclerosis development in miners having anthracosilicosis.

To design forecasting system, the authors studied occurrence of atherosclerosis and its risk factors in 152 workers of coal mines in South Kouzbass (tunnellers, cleaning pit-face miners, mining excavator operators), suffering from anthracosilicosis. Atherosclerosis was revealed in 124 (81.6%) workers with anthracosilicosis. With Bayess method for independent signs and Wald's sequential analysis method, the authors created a way to forecast atherosclerosis with coronary, extracranial and peripheral arteries involvement in miners with anthracosilicosis. Maximal risk of atherosclerosis in miners with anthracosilicosis is associated with following parameters: age 45 years and over, arterial hypertension, smoking, abdominal obesity type, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, respiratory failure, family history of IHD, hypercholesterolemia, increased LDL cholesterol, decreased HDL cholesterol, increased atherogeneity coefficient, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperhomocysteinemia, hyperfibrinogenemia, increased C-reactive protein, hypersthenic type according to Reese-Isenc index, andromorphic type according to Tanner index, blood group. markers A (II) and B (III), rhesus negative, MN and NN. Through increased number of factors analyzed and selected additional markers, accuracy of atherosclerosis forecasting is increased - that enables to proceed with opportune treatment and prevention.

[CHRONIC FLUORIDE INTOXICATION AS A RISK FACTOR FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS].

In workers employed in the aluminum industry, the main harmful production factor is exposure to fluoride salts, which can cause chronic fluoride intoxication. For the assessment of the impact of chronic fluoride intoxication on the development of atherosclerosis, we conducted a comprehensive survey of 87 aluminum-metal makers with chronic fluoride intoxication and 43 aluminum-metal makers without occupational diseases, mean age--52.1 ± 0.4 years. There were considered the presence and severity of atherosclerosis of brachiocephalic arteries, and the arteries of the lower extremities in the studied group, there was evaluated the effect of other risk factors for atherosclerosis (smoking, presence of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia). With the use of Doppler ultrasound of the arteries it was revealed that in metallurgists with chronic fluoride intoxication atherosclerosis was detected in 73.6% versus 55.8% in persons of the comparison group. The performed analysis of the prevalence of main risk factors for atherosclerosis showed that in metal makers with chronic fluoride intoxication in combination with atherosclerosis hypertension is more common (in 54.7%) than in metallurgists with chronic fluoride intoxication without atherosclerosis--only 26.1%. According to the frequency of occurrence of smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertriglyceridemia, there were no significant differences between the metallurgists with chronic fluoride intoxication, with and without atherosclerosis, and the control group, the increase in LDL cholesterol occurs significantly more often in metal-makers with chronic fluoride intoxication in combination with atherosclerosis if compared to workers without occupational diseases. Thus, chronic fluoride intoxication acts as a risk factor in the development of atherosclerosis: atherosclerosis in metal-makers with chronic fluoride intoxication occurs more frequently than in workers who do not have professional pathology. Hypertension and elevated levels of LDL cholesterol were established to increase the relative risk of developing atherosclerosis in metallurgists with chronic fluoride intoxication. At that there are no significant differences in the prevalence of common risk factors for atherosclerosis (smoking, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia).

[Diagnosis of predisposition to chronic cor pulmonale formation in occupational lung diseases caused by dust].

Study covered 426 miners aged 40-54 years with previously diagnosed occupational respiratory diseases due to dust (246 patients with chronic occupational obstructive bronchitis, 98 with anthracosilicosis and 82 with chronic dust nonobstructive bronchitis). 315 (73.9%) examinees out of 426 with lung diseases due to dust demonstrated chronic cor pulnmonale. Considering high share of this complication, the authors used Bayes method to create a method to diagnose predisposition towards chronic cor pulmonale in patients with dust lung diseases through respiratory failure, concomitant coronary heart disease and arterial hypertension, blood groups ABO, MN and P, some structural and functional parameters of heart: myocardium weight index, relative wall thickness index and left ventricle sphericity index, average lung artery pressure. Increasing number of analyzed factors that directly influence chronic cor pulmonale development and selecting additional markers help to improve forecasting of the complication.

[The role of genetic factors in the development of chronic dust bronchitis in workers of coal mining enterprises of Kuzbass].

The distribution of genotypes of HP, GC, EsD, AsP and polymorphisms GSTT1 (GST-theta1) and GSTM1 (GST-micro1) and NOS3 (polymorphism VNTR4) in miners with chronic dust bronchitis, and in those without this occupational disease has been studied The carriers of genotypes of genotypes EsD 1-2, AsP bb were shown to be more prone to develop chronic dust bronchitis. Endogenous factors of resistance to the disease are the genotypes GC 1-1, EsD 1-1, AsP bc.

[Clinical and experimental studies of metabolic response to chronic exposure to coal dust].

In miners anthracosilicosis is caused by chronic exposure to coal dust and is characterized by progressive development of the inflammatory process, the expressed disorders of lipid metabolism, and immunodeficiency. In the experiment we revealed the stages of anthracosilicosis development according to which adequate measures of prevention and correction of the disorders caused by long exposure of an organism to coal dust are recommended.

[Chronic occupational bronchitis in workers of coal extracting enterprises in Kouzbass: role of endogenous factors].

The authors studied distribution of biochemical markers for HP, GC, EsD, AcP genes, polymorphism of GSTT1 (GST-theta 1), GSTM1 (GST-mu 1), locus WNTR of NOS3 gene (alleles A/B) in chronic dust bronchitis patients and in apparently healthy individuals. Genotypes EsD 1-2 and AcP bb individuals were proved to be most prone to the disease. Endogenous resistent factors for chronic dust bronchitis are genotypes GC 1-1, EsD 1-1, AcP bc.

[Hemostasis disorders in coal miners].

Findings are that coal miners having long contact with vibration instruments and coal dust develop endothelial dysfunction, increased platelets aggregation, hypercoagulation and lower anticoagulation activity. The hemostasis disorders revealed could result in earlier coronary atherosclerosis development in workers exposed to vibration.

[Structural and functional changes in myocardium at rest and under exertional test in dust bronchitis patients having coronary heart disease and arterial hypertension].

The estimation of structural-functional state of right and left heart before and after loading test at patients suffered from chronic mechanic bronchitis in combination with ischemic heart disease and arterial hypertension is carried out using an echocardiography method. It is revealed that the combination of chronic mechanic bronchitis, ischemic heart disease and arterial hypertension results in remodelling both ventricles and hastens chronic pulmonary heart development.

[Serum biochemistry data in association of atherosclerosis with pulmonary dust diseases].

The authors studied prevalence of atherosclerosis, serum levels of lipids and homocysteine in coal miners suffering from pulmonary dust diseases. More marked hyperlipidemia and hyperhomocysteinemia are associated with combination of atherosclerosis and pulmonary dust diseases. Respiratory failure as a complication of pulmonary dust diseases promotes hyperlipidemia.

[Coronary heart disease, its risk factors and somatic types in coal miners having chronic dust-related diseases of lungs]. / Ishemicheskaia bolezn' serdtsa, faktory riska ee razvitiia i somatotipy u shakhterov s khronicheskoi pylevoi patologiei legkikh.

Studies covered incidence of coronary heart disease, its risk factors and features of constitutional types among Kouzbass coal miners suffering from anthracosilicosis and chronic dust bronchitis. Findings are reliably higher incidence of coronary heart disease among coal miners having lung diseases caused by dust. Coronary heart disease among the miners with anthracosilicosis is favored by arterial hypertension, overweight and hypersthenic constitutional type, that among those with dust bronchitis is favored only by overweight.