Association between spirituality/religiousness and quality of life among healthy adults: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is determined by multiple factors that include components such as spirituality and religiousness (S/R). Even though various systematic reviews have investigated the association between S/R and improved health outcomes in the most different groups, healthy young individuals are seldom addressed. OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between S/R and HRQoL among young, healthy individuals. METHODS: Systematic review of papers published in the last ten years and indexed in four academic research databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus) and two gray literature databases. Inclusion criteria were studies assessing S/R and HRQoL using validated instruments and assessing healthy adults (i.e., non-clinical patients, not belonging to any specific group of chronic diseases), aged between 18 and 64 years old. RESULTS: Ten out of 1,952 studies met the inclusion criteria: nine cross-sectional and one longitudinal cohort study, in which 89% of the participants were college students. Nine studies report a positive association between S/R and HRQoL, while one study did not report any significant association. The main HRQoL domains associated with S/R were the psychological, social relationships, and environment domains, while the S/R most influent facets/components were optimism, inner strength, peace, high control, hope, and happiness. CONCLUSIONS: Higher S/R levels among healthy adult individuals were associated with higher HRQoL levels, suggesting the S/R can be an important strategy to deal with adverse environmental situations even among those without chronic diseases, enhancing the wellbeing of individuals. Registration of systematic review: PROSPERO-CRD42018104047.

Pain in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Systematic Review.

AIMS: To assess the presence of pain, its location, intensity, and effects on the daily activities of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing hemodialysis (HD). PARTICIPANTS/SUBJECTS: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing hemodialysis (HD). DESIGN: A systematic review. METHODS: We carried out search for articles published until December 2020, including publications in Portuguese, English, and Spanish during the past 15 years (2005-2020), using the Embase, SciELO, PubMed, and Web of Science databases. The following information was collected: type of pain, pain treatment, pain assessment instrument, prevalence of pain, location, and influence of pain on quality of life. RESULTS: Twenty-five studies were selected for a systematic review. These studies involved a total of 98,162 adult and elderly patients with CKD who were undergoing HD. There was a high prevalence of pain in patients with CKD on HD. The most frequent sites of pain were the head, back, bones, chest, and the upper and lower limbs. The presence of acute, chronic, neuropathic pain, and myalgia was also reported in the studies. In addition, there was a higher frequency of moderate and severe pain, which influenced daily activities, the ability to walk, mood, relationships with other people, sleep, and work in patients on dialysis. CONCLUSIONS: The analyzed studies suggest that acute and chronic pain is a prevalent complaint in adults and elderly patients undergoing HD. There was a higher frequency of moderate and severe pain in different parts of the body, and pain interfered with everyday activities.

Association between severity of illicit drug dependence and quality of life in a psychosocial care center in BRAZIL: cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Quality of life must be one of the main purposes for the treatment of drug users, requiring a better understanding of the association between the quality of life and the severity of dependency. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between severity of substance use in various areas of human functioning and quality of life of illicit drug users in a psychosocial care center for alcohol and drugs. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 60 participants - illicit drug users - treated at a psychosocial care center for alcohol and drugs. Participants were evaluated with the short version of World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-Bref) instrument to measure the quality of life, the 6th version of Addiction Severity Index (ASI-6) to assess the severity of dependence in several areas and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) to identify the presence of psychiatric disorders. Pearson and Spearman correlation tests and linear regression were applied to verify the association between the severity of dependence and the quality of life, and Student's t-test to compare the mean quality of life between individuals with and without psychiatric comorbidities. RESULTS: Negative correlation was found between the severity of dependence on the drugs dimensions: alcohol, psychiatric, medical, legal, family/social support and family/social problems of ASI-6, and the quality of life domains measured by the WHOQOL-Bref. The evidence was strongest in the psychiatric and medical dimensions. There was a significant difference in the quality of life mean among participants presenting or not presenting psychiatric comorbidities, for the psychological domain in anxiety disorders, and for the physical and psychological domains in mood disorders. CONCLUSION: The quality of life decreased as the severity of dependence increased, with different results in the various areas of the participant's life. This result emphasizes the need for training the professional team which works in the substance use disorders area for more comprehensive diagnostic evaluations and more appropriate therapeutic interventions for each area. The associations were more evident in the medical and psychiatric fields, indicating the need for greater attention to be paid in relation to medical and psychiatric comorbidities.

[Historical, social and cultural aspects of the deaf population]. / Aspectos históricos e socioculturais da população surda.

This work redeems, contextualizes and features the social, historical and cultural aspects of the deaf community that uses the Brazilian Sign Language focusing on the social and anthropological model. The scope of this study was to conduct a bibliographical review in scientific textbooks and articles available in the Virtual Health Library, irrespective of the date of publication. 102 articles and 53 books were located, including 33 textbooks and 26 articles (four from the Lilacs database and 22 from the Medline database) that constituted the sample. Today, in contrast with the past, there are laws that guarantee the right to communication and attendance by means of the Brazilian Sign Language. The repercussion, acceptance and inclusion in health policies of the decrees enshrined in Brazilian laws is a major priority.

Work-related stress among physiotherapists from the musculoskeletal area: An observational study.

BACKGROUND: Stress is a consequence of or a general reaction to an action or situation that leads to physical, psychological or both demands on a person, which can cause major disabilities in different aspects of life. This study verified the presence and stress phase of physiotherapists in the musculoskeletal area, identifying the factors associated with stress. METHOD: Presence and phase of stress were assessed using the Lipp's Stress Symptoms Inventory for Adults, and sociodemographic, work, and subjective data through a structured questionnaire designed by the authors. RESULTS: 91 physiotherapists from 219 presented stress (41.55%). The presence of stress was associated to the workplace (p = 0.006, x2 = 20.01), number of patients per week (p = 0.023, x2 = 7.55), weekly working hours (p = 0.023, x2 = 7.56), and the perception of the work influenced their personal life (p < 0.001, x2 = 14.81). 56.04% of the physiotherapists were in the resistance phase. CONCLUSIONS: Approximately half of the physiotherapists showed signs of stress. Moreover, workplace, number of working hours, number of patients per week and the perception of the influence of work on personal life were important aspects to stress.

Instruments to assess the role of the clinical pharmacist: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND: The clinical pharmacist is an essential member of the healthcare team and plays an important role in health care in the primary care and the hospital setting. Knowledge regarding the instruments that evaluate the different activities of the clinical pharmacist, as well as the evaluation of the psychometric properties of these instruments, is necessary. METHODS: A literature search was performed in the PubMed and Scopus electronic databases without time and language restrictions. For the search strategy, the "pharmaceutical services," "validity studies," and "professional performance" domains were used. To assess the quality of the instruments, the five sources of validity evidence of contemporary psychometry were used, and the Joanna Briggs Institute's standardized instrument was used to assess the methodological quality of the studies. After screening 4096 articles, 32 studies were selected. RESULTS: A total of 32 studies were included, and 32 instruments were identified to be used by pharmacists acting in various pharmaceutical practice scenarios. It was found that the available instruments were developed or adapted from others, with variation in the methods, constructs, dimensions, and domains, as well as the psychometric properties. Most of the instruments addressed community pharmacies, and evidence of content validity and internal structure was found most frequently. A standardized and validated instrument that comprehensively assessed the performance of the clinical pharmacist, addressing clinical activities, was not identified for all practice environments. CONCLUSIONS: Without standardized and validated instruments specifics to assess the performance of the clinical pharmacist, it is hard to establish the main clinical activities performed by pharmacists in their pharmaceutical practice environments and to propose training actions to improve professional practice. Despite the large number of instruments available and considered validated by the authors, it is questioned to what extent the validity indicators presented in the different studies really show the validation status. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD 42018099912.

Prevalence of comorbid substance use disorders with anxiety disorders or post-traumatic stress disorder in people seeking treatment for substance abuse: a systematic review protocol.

OBJECTIVE: This systematic review will aim to assess evidence of the prevalence of comorbid substance use disorders with anxiety disorders or post-traumatic stress disorder in people seeking treatment for substance use. INTRODUCTION: Research shows that anxiety disorders and post-traumatic stress disorder are highly prevalent in people with substance use disorders and can worsen the treatment outcomes, increasing the risk of relapse and poor adherence. However, evidence from systematic reviews on the prevalence of these comorbidities in substance use treatment settings is limited. INCLUSION CRITERIA: Participants will be people seeking treatment for substance use. Studies will be included if they have investigated the prevalence of the comorbid substance use disorders with anxiety disorders or post-traumatic stress disorder in treatment settings. METHODS: Primary studies will be screened from the databases MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Embase, and from searches to source gray literature. Eligible cross-sectional and cohort studies published after 1994 with no language limits will be retrieved, and their methodological quality will be assessed. Data extraction will include study details, methods, and outcomes. Results will be described by narrative summary or, if studies are sufficiently similar, a meta-analysis will be performed. Prevalence data will be pooled for meta-analysis by a random effects model. The results will be presented graphically in a forest plot. Data heterogeneity will be statistically tested using χ2 and I2 tests. If substantial heterogeneity is detected, sources of heterogeneity will be explored by subgroup analysis and meta-regression, and results will be presented by a narrative summary. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION NUMBER: PROSPERO CRD42020149956.

Voice Care from the Student Teachers' Perspective.

OBJECTIVE: Voice is an essential working tool in the teaching profession and thus needs to be acknowledged and cared for by student teachers. This study aimed to investigate the presence of vocal symptoms among fourth-year students of teacher education programs and whether students had received voice care advice during their education. METHODS: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study of 70 students in their final year of 9 teacher education programs at Regional Jataí of Universidade Federal de Goiás, Midwestern Brazil, from January to April 2017. Participants completed a questionnaire on sociodemographic, academic, and work-related characteristics, and were asked to answer an open-ended question on whether they had received any voice care advice during their education (and what type of advice if any). The Screening Index for Voice Disorder was then administered to all participants for self-reported vocal symptoms. RESULTS: Of 70 students included in the study, 81.4% were women with a mean age of 30 years. Overall, 62.9% were employed: 47.7% in the field of education and 52.3% in other activities. As for vocal symptoms, 35.7% reported ≥ 5 symptoms, including strained speech (51.4%), dry throat (50.0%), dry cough (48.6%), hoarseness (37.1%), and phlegm (35.7%). Most students (87.14%) did not receive voice care advice during their education. Among those who received advice (12.86%), voice care was limited to lay advice, such as drinking plenty of water, speaking in a lower voice, avoiding straining the voice by shouting, avoiding cold beverages, and drinking ginger tea. CONCLUSION: Our findings highlight the need for the introduction of voice training during teacher education in order to promote efficient voice production and prevent occupational voice disorders among future teachers by raising awareness of the importance of voice care and the risk factors that may affect the voice directly or indirectly.

Pain in Hemodialysis Patients: Prevalence, Intensity, Location, and Functional Interference in Daily Activities.

Although pain is a frequent complaint of patients with chronic kidney disease who undergo hemodialysis, few studies have assessed the functional interference of pain in activities of daily living (ADLs). Hence, the aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence, location, intensity, and functional interference of pain in ADLs of chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis and to estimate the association of specific pain sites with severe functional interference by pain in ADLs. This cross-sectional study included patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis. The prevalence, intensity, and functional interference of pain in ADLs were assessed using the brief pain inventory. Poisson regression was used to calculate the prevalence ratio. A total of 65 patients participated in the study. The overall prevalence of pain was 89.23%; the prevalence of headache was 18.46% and that of pain in the trunk was 55.38%, upper limbs was 35.38%, and lower limbs was 60.00%. The prevalence of moderate and severe pain at the time of hemodialysis was 13.85% and 21.54%, respectively. A high prevalence of severe functional interference of pain in general activity (61.54%), mobility (56.92%), and disposition (55.38%) was observed. Pain is a frequent complaint in patients undergoing hemodialysis, mainly musculoskeletal and intradialytic, and it interferes with ADLs and incapacitates the patient. Pain was highly prevalent in the upper and lower limbs and the trunk. Furthermore, a higher prevalence of severe pain at the time of hemodialysis and functional interference of pain, mainly in general activity, mobility, and disposition, were observed.

Relation between quality of life of mothers of children with cerebral palsy and the children's motor functioning, after ten months of rehabilitation.

This study aims to analyze the quality of life of mothers of children with cerebral palsy, correlated with the evolution of their children's gross motor function after ten months of rehabilitation. An observational, longitudinal study was carried out in Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil, involving 100 mothers and children with cerebral palsy. The children's motor function was evaluated using the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) and the mothers' quality of life using the Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). After ten months of rehabilitation, the children's gross motor function had significantly improved (p<0.001), while the mothers only presented a significant improvement (p<0.001) in the bodily pain domain. The improvement in the motor function of children with cerebral palsy did not influence the changes in the mothers' quality of life.

The relation between deaf patients and the doctor.

UNLABELLED: Non-verbal communication is important when caring for deaf patients, fostering excellence in health care. AIM: an analysis of the legal and sociocultural aspects of the relation between deaf patients and physicians. METHODS: Computerized databases for the period between 1996 and 2006 were used for collecting data; the keywords 'patient', 'deaf person', 'communication' and 'health' were used. A non-systematic search was made in scientific publications. RESULTS: These studies were grouped into two categories: communication between deaf patients and physicians, who has to deal with communication barriers when caring for deaf patients, and the importance of non-verbal communication in healthcare. Deaf persons, their language, and their relation with physicians show the importance of sign language, endorsed by the Federal Law 10.436/02. CONCLUSIONS: When deaf patients and physicians meet, they need to overcome communication barriers that may hinder the necessary bond in healthcare and the care that is provided; this may also affect the diagnosis and treatment. It is clear that public institutions should create programs for training healthcare professionals in the appropriate care of deaf patients.

Impact of health on quality of life and quality of working life of university teachers from different areas of knowledge. / Impacto da saúde na qualidade de vida e trabalho de docentes universitários de diferentes áreas de conhecimento.

This study aimed to determine the impact of health on the quality of life (QoL) and quality of working life (QWL) of university teachers. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 284 teachersin the areas of health, sciences, human sciences, and agricultural sciences using a sociodemographic questionnaire containing health-related questions, the WHOQOL-bref, and TQWL-42. Results: the findings showed that teachers who practiced physical activity had better QoL,QWL, and sleep quality. Advanced age was also associated with better QoL.Furthermore, QoL and QWL were lower in teachers who used medications, had an imbalanced diet, and did not practice leisure activities. QoL and QWL are influenced by health-related factors.

O objetivo deste artigo é identificar o impacto da saúde na qualidade de vida (QV) e qualidade da vida profissional (QVT) de professores universitários. Estudo descritivo, transversal, que avaliou 284 professores universitários das áreas da saúde, biologia, agrarias, humanas e exatas. A avaliação ocorreu através da aplicação de um questionário sociodemográfico com questões relacionadas aos dados de saúde, o WHOQOL-bref para avaliar QV e o TQWL-42 para avaliar a qualidade da vida no trabalho (QVT). Verificou-se que os professores que praticam atividade física apresentaram melhor QV e QVT e relataram melhor qualidade de sono, além disso, elas eram menores em professores que usam medicação, que têm uma dieta pobre e têm menos atividades de lazer. Além disso, a idade foi associada a melhor QV. A qualidade de vida e qualidade de vida no trabalho sofrem impacto dos aspectos relacionados à saúde.

[Literature revision about the attendance of deaf patient by health professionals]. / Revisão de literatura sobre o atendimento ao paciente surdo pelos profissionais da saúde.

The purpose of this systematic literature review is to analyze and identify the communication between deaf patients and health professionals, as well as to investigate the care offered. The computerized databases were used for data collection, using the keywords paciente (patient), surdo (deaf person), and comunicação (communication). The results were grouped in three categories: communication, health professional education, and legal aspects. The communication category deals with communicative barriers, written language and the presence of the interpreter. In the second category, the focus is on the education of the professionals in relation to the deaf community. The third category reports the legal aspects involved in caring for deaf patients. The review showed that there are communication barriers between deaf patients and health professionals, and that health care is a challenge for both. It also emphasized that there is a need for education regarding the deaf patients.

[Quality of life of the work of physical therapy course teachers in Goiânia in the State of Goiás, Brazil]. / Qualidade de vida no trabalho de fisioterapeutas docentes no município de Goiânia, Goiás, Brasil.

The scope of this article is to analyze the quality of work life of the physical therapy course teachers in the city of Goiânia in the state of Goiás. It involved a cross-sectional study of 65 physical therapy teachers in Goiânia. The participants who had worked for less than six months in the profession and those who failed to fill out the questionnaire in full were excluded from the research. A socio-demographic and the Total Quality of Work Life (TQWL-42) questionnaire were used to assess the quality of work life. It was established that the teachers who taught in graduate courses and who held management positions presented significantly better averages than those who only taught in undergraduate courses. Satisfaction with income and with the teaching activity also showed significant results influencing the quality of work life of the participants. Work in positions and locations that allow greater autonomy, status and remuneration, as well as subjective evaluation of satisfaction with income and teaching work, influenced the quality of work life of physical therapy teachers.

O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar a qualidade de vida no trabalho de fisioterapeutas docentes de cursos de fisioterapia no município de Goiânia-GO. Trata-se de um estudo transversal com 65 docentes. Foram incluídos fisioterapeutas docentes do curso de fisioterapia no município de Goiânia. Foram excluídos aqueles que estavam afastados, com menos de seis meses de atividade e que responderam os questionários de forma incompleta. Utilizou-se um questionário sociodemográfico e o Total Quality of Work Life (TQWL-42) para avaliação da qualidade de vida no trabalho. Verificou-se que os docentes que atuavam em pós-graduação, ou exerciam cargo de chefia apresentaram médias significativamente melhores que aqueles que atuavam apenas na graduação. A satisfação com a renda e com a atividade docente também apresentou resultados significativos, influenciando a qualidade de vida no trabalho dos participantes. A atuação em cargos e locais que permitem maior autonomia, posição social e remuneração, assim como a avaliação subjetiva da satisfação com a renda e com a atuação na docência, influenciaram a qualidade de vida no trabalho dos fisioterapeutas docentes.

Quality of Life of the Plastic Surgeon in the Midwest of Brazil.

BACKGROUND: The quality of life theme is much studied in the area of plastic surgery; however, there are few studies on the quality of life of plastic surgeons. The main aim of this study was to describe the quality of life of the plastic surgeon in Center-West of Brazil. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed of plastic surgeons in the greater state of Goias, Center-West of Brazil, registered until January 2015. A sample with power of 80%, 115 surgeons from 163 WHOQOL-BREF, and a social-demographic and professional questionnaire were used as instruments. The data were compared between qualitative variables of the questionnaire and WHOQOL-BREF using the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests. RESULTS: One hundred sixteen surgeons answered; for WHOQOL-BREF, domain statistics were as follows: physical, 57.85; psychological, 62.9; social, 74.13; and environment, 68.56. The higher scores in each domain were related: physical: monthly income higher than US$ 11,200, more than 10 years of experience, weekly work hours lower than 40, being an associate or full member, and more than 4 surgeries/week; psychological: man, married, and having only private patients; social: man, monthly income higher than US$15,000, more than 20 years of experience, and weekly work hours lower than 40; and environment: monthly income higher than US$15,000, more than 10 years of experience, weekly work hours lower than 60, and more than 4 surgeries/week. CONCLUSION: The study demonstrates that the youngest surgeon, with a duration of less than 10 years, has the worst quality of life.

Quality of life of women who practice dance: a systematic review protocol.

BACKGROUND: As general population life expectancy has increased, the need to investigate the quality of life has arisen, especially because it is important that people have a healthy long life and with good quality. Studies are done with specific populations, and in the case of this investigation, the target studies are the ones done with women. Female population is growing demographically and professionally. Women have shown increased levels of stress and higher number of illness. It is known that many practices can be used to improve the level of quality of life and that one of them is the dance. Dance is an activity which combines physical and psychosocial aspects. Moreover, it promotes self-expression, self-esteem, and self-confidence. It relieves women of stress. And it also helps in a variety of aspects such as group interaction, motivation, and positive emotions. In this systematic review, the main objective is to assess the effect of dance on quality of life of adult women. METHODS: Only quantitative studies will be included. Studies will be accepted with any amount of dance practice time. They will have been published in the following bibliographic databases: Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Portal da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane from inception until June 30, 2018. There will be no restrictions for geographical location. It will be included studies published in Portuguese, English, and Spanish. Only published ones will be included in the review. DISCUSSION: There is a variety of systematic review studies with men and women on quality of life and dance, but this is the first one focused exclusively on adult female audience. It is expected that this review will be useful to promote the discussion about quality of life of adult women and the interest of this population for dance practice. In order to summarize and to explain the characteristics and findings of those studies, tables and information from texts will be used in a systematic narrative synthesis. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42016039961.

Life satisfaction and positive and negative feelings of workers: a systematic review protocol.

BACKGROUND: In this article, conceptualization of well-being is a starting point. According to Diener, subjective well-being refers to all kinds of evaluation, both positive and negative, people make about their own lives. It includes cognitive assessments, such as satisfaction with life and satisfaction with work, as well as affective reactions to life events, such as sadness and contentment. Low levels of health and well-being in workers lead to many consequences. Sick leave, low productivity, and absenteeism are some examples. In this systematic review, the main objective is to assess workers' subjective well-being. METHODS: The studies should include workers, whether they are paid or volunteers. Also, they must assess workers' subjective well-being. Observational peer-reviewed studies will be included. Qualitative studies will be excluded. The primary outcomes to be considered are the subjective well-being indicators described. Only studies that used six (6) instruments, developed by Diener, will be included. The instruments are Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (SPANE), Positive Thinking Scale (PTS), Flourishing Scale (FS), Comprehensive Inventory of Thriving (CIT), and Brief Inventory of Thriving (BIT). The studies will come from Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Portal da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Global Index Medicus databases. The studies must be written in Portuguese, English, or Spanish. DISCUSSION: As far as we know, this is the first systematic review related specially to workers' subjective well-being. We hope that this study contributes to the "well-being at work" discussion and also to the development of effective interventions, used outside and inside organizations, that could improve well-being scores and increase correlate variables scores such as general health, social relations, and quality of life. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42016039520.

Longitudinal evaluation of the quality of life of smoking motorcycle taxi drivers.

BACKGROUND: The quality of life (QoL) of traffic and transit workers has been a focus of much attention; motorcyclists are the workers most susceptible to accidents and exposure to pollutants. These factors added to smoking might result in respiratory disorders and influence the workers' QoL. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the QoL of smoking or not motorcycle taxi drivers. METHOD: Longitudinal and epidemiological study with quantitative approach conducted with 95 motorcycle taxi drivers from Jatai, southeastern Goias, Brazil, in two stages in 2014 and 2015. We administered a questionnaire to collect sociodemographic and occupational data and self-perceived state of health, and WHOQOL-BREF. Statistical analysis was performed with software Statistical Package for Social Sciences® and STATA®; the significance level was set to p<0.05. RESULTS: Most participants were male (98.9%), nonsmokers (89.5%), had already suffered work accidents (67.4%); their average age was 39.1 years old, and 48.5% described their state of health as good. The score on the physical health domain of QoL decreased (from 86.07 to 74.28; p=0.091) and the one on the environment domain increased (from 58.43 to 64.06; p=0.285) among smokers. Also among nonsmokers the score on domain physical health decreased (from 79.87 to 76.38; p=0.014) and the one on domain environment increased (from 58.27 to 67.32; p<0.001). We found association of age and smoking with QoL domain physical health (p=0.014; 0.027). CONCLUSION: Motorcycle taxi drivers are exposed to several factors which might influence their living and working conditions. New public health policies targeting this population of workers are needed.

INTRODUÇÃO: A qualidade de vida (QV) de trabalhadores do trânsito tem sido foco de atenção, sendo os motociclistas os mais susceptíveis a acidentes e exposição a poluentes. Esses fatores, somados à prática tabagista, podem gerar transtornos respiratórios e influenciar na QV do trabalhador. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a qualidade de vida de mototaxistas tabagistas e não tabagistas. MÉTODO: Estudo longitudinal e epidemiológico, de abordagem quantitativa, desenvolvido com 95 mototaxistas de Jataí, no sudoeste goiano, Brasil, realizado em duas etapas entre 2014 e 2015, utilizando um questionário para avaliar características sociodemográficas e ocupacionais e percepção da saúde dos mototaxistas e o questionário WHOQOL-Bref. Os dados foram analisados nos programas Statistical Package for Social Sciences® e STATA®, por meio de testes estatísticos, considerando os valores de p<0,05 significantes. RESULTADOS: A maioria era do sexo masculino (98,9%), não fumava (89,5%), já havia se acidentado (67,4%); a idade média era de 39,1 anos, e 48,5% deles tinham boa percepção de saúde. O escore de domínio físico reduziu (86,07 versus 74,28; p=0,091) e o escore do domínio ambiental aumentou (58,43 versus 64,06; p=0,285) entre tabagistas. Entre os não tagagistas, o escore do do domínio físico reduziu (79,87 versus 76,38; p=0,014) e do domínio ambiental aumentou (58,27 versus 67,32; p<0,001). Houve associação entre a idade e o uso de tabaco com a QV no domínio físico (p=0,014; 0,027). CONCLUSÃO: Os mototaxistas estão expostos a diversos fatores que podem influenciar sua condição de vida e seu trabalho, tornando necessária a adoção de novas políticas públicas de saúde com vistas a essa classe trabalhadora.

[Quality of life of family caregivers of adults with spinal cord injury: a systematic review]. / Qualidade de vida de cuidadores familiares de adultos com lesão medular: uma revisão sistemática.

The scope of this study was to analyze the quality of life of family caregivers of adults with spinal cord injury. Two researchers conducted a systematic review independently, based on articles published between 2000 to 2014, using the key words quality of life and caregivers or family and spinal cord, in Portuguese, English and Spanish. The search was conducted in the Virtual Health Library (BVS) and the United States National Library of Medicine (PubMED) databases. Caregivers of tetraplegics have a worse quality of life than caregivers of paraplegics. Changes in the quality of life for the caregivers were not significant over time. Different results were observed when comparing caregivers of adults with spinal cord injury and healthy subjects. Factors that negatively influence the quality of life of caregivers were the presence of chronic disease; greater care time, age and number of children; and lower schooling level of caregivers. There is a need for public health policy development and preparation of more comprehensive intervention strategies that include not only the patient but also the caregiver.

Fatores associados à satisfação e distorção da imagem corporal em crianças de 7 a 10 anos de idade / Factors associated with satisfaction and distortion of body image among children from 7 to 10 years of age

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo é analisar a satisfação e distorção da imagem corporal em crianças de 7 a 10 anos de idade e verificar quais fatores antropométricos e socioeconômicos estão associados a elas. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, realizado com 307 crianças de escolas públicas de Goiânia. A saúde da criança e os aspectos socioeconômicos da família foram avaliados por meio de um questionário semiestruturado; a imagem corporal foi avaliada por meio da Escala de Silhuetas Brasileiras Para Crianças; e também foram coletados dados antropométricos de peso, estatura, dobras cutâneas e circunferência da cintura. Observou-se homogeneidade do gênero neste estudo, predomínio de meninos (52%) eutróficos (73%). Apesar de se tratar de uma amostra com peso saudável, a insatisfação e a distorção da imagem corporal prevaleceram sobre a maior parte da amostra: a insatisfação esteve presente em 92% das crianças, prevalecendo o desejo por uma menor silhueta, enquanto a distorção esteve presente em 75% da amostra, com predomínio da subestimação da silhueta. No entanto, este estudo encontrou associação da insatisfação com a imagem corporal apenas com IMC (aferido, atual e desejado) e circunferência da cintura; e associação da distorção da imagem corporal apenas com os IMC (aferido e atual).

ABSTRACT The aim of this study is to analyze the satisfaction and distortion of body image in children from 7 to 10 years old and to verify which anthropometric and socioeconomic factors are associated with them. This is a cross-sectional study, carried out with 307 children from public schools in Goiânia. The child's health and the socioeconomic aspects of the family were assessed using a semi-structured questionnaire; body image was assessed using the Brazilian Silhouettes Scale for Children; and anthropometric data on weight, height, skinfolds and waist circumference were also collected. Gender homogeneity was observed in this study, with a predominance of eutrophic(73%) boys (52%). Despite being a sample with a healthy weight, dissatisfaction and distortion of body image prevailed over most of the sample: dissatisfaction was present in 92% of children, the desire for a smaller silhouette prevailing, while distortion was present in 75% of the sample, with a predominance of underestimation of the silhouette. However, this study found dissatisfaction association with body image only with BMI (measured, current and desired) and waist circumference; and association of the distortion of the body image only with the BMI (measured and current).