RESUMEN
The Study Group on Hospital Hygiene of the Italian Society of Hygiene, Preventive Medicine and Public Health (GISIO-SItI) and the Local Health Authority of Foggia, Apulia, Italy, after the National Convention "Safe water in healthcare facilities" held in Vieste-Pugnochiuso on 27-28 May 2016, present the "Vieste Charter", drawn up in collaboration with experts from the National Institute of Health and the Ministry of Health. This paper considers the risk factors that may affect the water safety in healthcare facilities and reports the current regulatory frameworks governing the management of installations and the quality of the water. The Authors promote a careful analysis of the risks that characterize the health facilities, for the control of which specific actions are recommended in various areas, including water safety plans; approval of treatments; healthcare facilities responsibility, installation and maintenance of facilities; multidisciplinary approach; education and research; regional and national coordination; communication.
Asunto(s)
Instituciones de Salud/normas , Seguridad/normas , Microbiología del Agua/normas , Abastecimiento de Agua/normas , Instituciones de Salud/legislación & jurisprudencia , Promoción de la Salud , Humanos , Italia , Salud Pública/legislación & jurisprudencia , Salud Pública/normas , Factores de Riesgo , Seguridad/legislación & jurisprudencia , Purificación del Agua/legislación & jurisprudencia , Purificación del Agua/normas , Abastecimiento de Agua/legislación & jurisprudenciaAsunto(s)
Quinasa I-kappa B/genética , Incontinencia Pigmentaria/diagnóstico , Hígado/patología , Vena Porta/anomalías , Biopsia , Angiografía por Tomografía Computarizada , Medios de Contraste/administración & dosificación , Femenino , Humanos , Hiperplasia/complicaciones , Hiperplasia/diagnóstico , Hiperplasia/genética , Imagenología Tridimensional , Incontinencia Pigmentaria/complicaciones , Incontinencia Pigmentaria/genética , Lactante , Hígado/diagnóstico por imagen , Vena Porta/diagnóstico por imagen , Piel/patología , UltrasonografíaRESUMEN
The influence of chronic morphine treatment on the brain of adult mouse has been studied. Female Swiss mice were daily administered saline or morphine (30 or 60 mg/kg body weight) for a period comprising 7 days before mating, during gestation and until 21 days post-partum. Their brains were then perfusion-fixed and examined for histology and calbindin D-28k protein-immunoreactivity. Histological observations revealed no significant changes in the various brain regions; whereas a reduced number of calbindin-positive cells was encountered in the cingulate and parietal cortices and the lateral septal regions of morphine-treated brains compared with those of controls. The alteration in the expression-patterns of this neuroprotective calcium-binding protein in specific regions of the adult brain might be one of the mechanisms by which the addictive drugs modify the functional aspects of the CNS.
Asunto(s)
Química Encefálica/fisiología , Morfina/farmacología , Narcóticos/farmacología , Prosencéfalo/química , Proteína G de Unión al Calcio S100/metabolismo , Animales , Calbindinas , Femenino , Giro del Cíngulo/química , Giro del Cíngulo/citología , Ratones , Neocórtex/química , Neocórtex/citología , Proteínas del Tejido Nervioso/análisis , Proteínas del Tejido Nervioso/metabolismo , Neuronas/química , Lóbulo Parietal/química , Lóbulo Parietal/citología , Embarazo , Prosencéfalo/citología , Proteína G de Unión al Calcio S100/análisisAsunto(s)
Cefalexina/análogos & derivados , Cefalosporinas/uso terapéutico , Infección Focal Dental/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedades de la Boca/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedades Dentales/tratamiento farmacológico , Cefadroxilo , Cefalexina/uso terapéutico , Evaluación de Medicamentos , HumanosAsunto(s)
Ampicilina/uso terapéutico , Cefalexina/análogos & derivados , Infección Focal Dental/tratamiento farmacológico , Leucomicinas/uso terapéutico , Enfermedades de la Boca/tratamiento farmacológico , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Cefadroxilo , Cefalexina/uso terapéutico , Niño , Ensayos Clínicos como Asunto , Método Doble Ciego , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores de TiempoAsunto(s)
Actinomicosis/microbiología , Enfermedades de la Boca/microbiología , Actinomyces/patogenicidad , Actinomyces/fisiología , Actinomicosis/diagnóstico , Actinomicosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Actinomicosis Cervicofacial/diagnóstico , Actinomicosis Cervicofacial/tratamiento farmacológico , Actinomicosis Cervicofacial/microbiología , Quimioterapia Combinada , Humanos , Boca/microbiología , Enfermedades de la Boca/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de la Boca/tratamiento farmacológico , Penicilinas/administración & dosificación , Sulfanilamidas/administración & dosificación , Factores de TiempoAsunto(s)
Enfermedades Periapicales/etiología , Complejo Antígeno-Anticuerpo/análisis , Bacterias/aislamiento & purificación , Técnicas Bacteriológicas , Enfermedad Crónica , Complemento C3/análisis , Cavidad Pulpar/microbiología , Humanos , Hipersensibilidad Tardía/inmunología , Inmunoglobulina E/inmunología , Inmunoglobulinas/análisis , Enfermedades Periapicales/inmunología , Enfermedades Periapicales/microbiología , Granuloma Periapical/etiología , Granuloma Periapical/inmunología , Granuloma Periapical/microbiología , Periodontitis Periapical/etiología , Periodontitis Periapical/inmunología , Periodontitis Periapical/microbiología , Linfocitos T/inmunología , Raíz del Diente/microbiologíaRESUMEN
The influence of chronic maternal morphine on the parvalbumin immunoreactive patterns in developing mouse brain was studied. Female Swiss mice were administered daily saline or morphine (30 or 60 mg/kg) for a period of 7 days before mating, gestation, and 21 days postpartum. Their pups were sacrificed on postnatal day 18 and the brains were examined histologically and immunohistochemically for parvalbumin-positive neurons. Histological observations revealed no significant changes in the cell number of the morphine-exposed neonatal forebrain, whereas the number of parvalbumin-positive neurons increased in layers II-IV of the parietal cortex I. Moreover, the number of parvalbumin-positive dendrites increased remarkably in the cingulate and parietal I cortices of the morphine-exposed neonates, indicating the region-specific increase in the PV immunoreactive profiles. These results are consistent with the key roles played by the above brain regions in the altered behavioral patterns of the maternally addicted neonates, such as impaired somatosensory and cognitive performances. The mechanism of morphine action on parvalbumin expression in neonatal mouse brain is not evident, but alterations in the expression patterns of parvalbumin in specific regions of the developing brain might be one of the cellular mechanisms by which addictive drugs modify the functional aspects of the developing CNS.