[Rheoencephalographic evaluation of the relations between the changes in cerebral circulation in the areas supplied by specific arteries in patients with cerebral stroke]. / Wspólzaleznosc zmian krazenia mózgowego w obszarach poszczególnych tetnic w ocenie reoencefalograficznej chorych z udarami mózgu.

Rheoencephalography was made in 105 patients with ischaemic brain stroke during the first phase after the onset of the disease and 10 days later. It was found that the presence of an ischaemic focus in the area of the internal carotid artery induced blood supply alterations within the areas of adjacent++ arteries, i.e. contralateral carotid artery and vertebral arteries. In some cases it became visible in the reg records under the form of reduced or enhanced pulsation of blood flow followed by weaker reactions of changed vascular tonus. Most distinct changes were observed at the onset of the brain stroke. Ten days later these changes became less expressed.

[Differences in basic rheoencephalographic studies in healthy persons depending on age]. / Podstawowe badania reoencefalograficzne u osób zdrowych w zaleznosci od wieku.

The method of rheoencephalography (reg) was applied for assessing brain circulation in 40 healthy subjects divided into two age group. The age in the first group was from 20 to 45 years (mean 34.3), in the second group from 46 to 73 years (mean 52.3). Reg records were assessed visually calculating the pertinent indices and arithmetical means of 10 waves on each side. The obtained results point to reduced elasticity of blood vessels in the older age group.

[Internuclear ophthalmoplegia in multiple sclerosis]. / Porazenie oczne miedzyjadrowe--ophthalmoplegia internuclearis w stwardnieniu rozsianym.

In the years 1963-1981 internuclear ophthalmoplegia syndromes were observed 106 times in 94 patients treated in hospital for multiple sclerosis. Besides the typical syndromes of anterior and posterior internuclear ophthalmoplegia, Webino syndrome and the one-and-a-half syndrome in 4 cases syndromes were observed with superimposition of bilateral syndromes of anterior and posterior internuclear ophthalmoplegia. For these cases the author suggests the term--complete internuclear ophthalmoplegia.

[Rheoencephalographic studies with head rotation tests in patients with ischemic stroke in the area of carotid arteries]. / Badania reoencefalograficzne z zastosowaniem prób ze skretami glowy u chorych z niedokrwiennymi udarami mózgu w zakresie unaczynienia tetnic szyjnych.

REG investigations were carried out with head rotation in 87 subjects, including 36 healthy controls and 51 patients with ischaemic strokes in the area of carotid artery vascularization. Determining the REG index it was found that in the patients the reaction to rotation was less frequent but more intense than in the control groups. Head rotation test in REG investigations may be useful for assessing the cerebral circulation and can demonstrate, sometimes, which rotation should be avoided by the patient.

[Evaluation of the dynamics of cerebral blood flow by rheoencephalography in patients with ischemic stroke during the first 14 days of illness]. / Próba oceny dynamiki ukrwienia mózgu przy pomocy roencefalografii u chorych z niedokrwiennymi udarami mózgu w pierwszych 14 dniach od zachorowania.

Dynamic rheoencephalographic investigations were carried out in 52 subjects including 20 healthy ones and 32 patients with ischaemic brain strokes in the first 14 days after disease onset. The investigations demonstrated changes of the mean values of the reg index, most evident in the initial stage on the disease. The author discusses the problem whether the fluctuations of the reg index in certain patients could be due to the lately described syndromes of excessive brain perfusion and intracranial steal syndromes.

[Dynamic rheoencephalographic studies using nitroglycerin test in patients with ischemic stroke]. / Dynamiczne badania reoencefalograficzne z zastosowaniem próby nitroglicerynowej u chorych z niedokrwiennymi udarami mózgu.

Dynamic rheoencephalographic investigations with nitroglycerin test were carried out in 32 patients with ischaemic strokes in the carotid vascularization area during the first two weeks after disease onset. No complications were observed. As a rule, nitroglycerin reduced the tonus of intracranial vessels and improved the blood flow to the studied areas taking place parallelly during the first two weeks of the disease. Vascular tonus was decreased after nitroglycerin more in the cases in which this tonus was more increased initially. The dynamic investigations with the nitroglycerin test may be useful for selection of an optimal treatment.

[Abdominal migraine in adults]. / Migrena brzuszna u doroslych.

A case of a 35-year-old woman with abdominal migraine is presented. For four years she had been suffering from abdominal pains occurring only at night, always between 1 and 3 a.m. The patient always woke with abdominal pains and nausea. Each time she had diarrhoea and vomited and found that this gave her relief from the pain. Sometimes she lost consciousness for 1-2 minutes. After the attack she felt very weak, her legs and feet became numb and she found it difficult to get to sleep. The attacks and the fainting fits increased in frequency until she had several a month. Numerous gastrological examinations did not reveal any deviations from the normal. At the anti- epileptic consulting unit, abdominal epilepsy was excluded (no abnormalities were found in the eeg and CT examinations of the cranium). As a child she had paroxysmal abdominal pains. When the patient was 10 years old, she had an attack lasting one week and though the pain was severe on the left side, appendectomy was performed. Her mother suffers from migraine with very severe head pains. The patient was referred to our consulting unit where she was treated with Pizotifen in doses of 0.5 mg morning and noon and 1 mg in the evening for three months during which time she had no attacks. A few weeks after discontinuing this treatment, the nocturnal attacks again occurred though the pains were not so severe. She was then prescribed Nitrendipine, 5 mg nightly, and the attacks ceased. However, the patient said that she had felt better when taking Pizotifen.

[Rheoencephalographic studies in patients with vertebrobasilar insufficiency]. / Badania reoencefalograficzne u chorych z niewydolnoscia kregowo-podstawna.

Rheoencephalographic investigations in different head positions were carried out in 62 subjects, including 22 healthy ones and 40 patients with vertebrobasilar arterial failure comparing the results with degenerative changes in the cervical spine. In patients with advanced changes in this spine the blood flow in the cerebral vessels was lower and their tonus was greater than in the remaining patients. Rheoencephalographic investigations may be particularly useful in patients in whom vertebral angiography is contraindicated.

[Diagnostic difficulties in Shy-Drager syndrome]. / Trudnosci diagnostyczne w rozpoznawaniu zespolu Shy-Dragera.

The authors describe two cases of Shy-Drager Syndrome in the aspect of diagnostic difficulties. The simple tests for evaluation of automatic system function, especially orthostatic test are stressed.

[Rheoencephalographic examination of patients with stroke in Trendelenburg's position]. / Badanie reoencefalograficzne w ulozeniu Trendelenburga u chorych z niedokrwiennymi udarami mozgu.

Typical rheoencephalographic investigations were done and repeated in Trendelenburg's position in 91 subjects including 40 healthy ones and 51 patients with ischaemic strokes. The test produced haemodynamic changes in the arterial and venous systems. The arterial changes manifested themselves as bilateral increase in blood flow, more pronounced on the side of the lesion, and bilateral increase in the vascular tonus more on the side contralateral to the focus. As a rule changes were observed in the shape of rheoencephalographic waves. Venous changes included mainly increased number of venous waves, more frequent in the patients, especially on the side contralateral to the lesion. The results of the observations are interpreted in confrontation with literature data.

[Clinical picture of left posterior cerebral artery occlusion. Alexia syndrome without agraphia]. / W sprawie obrazu klinicznego niedroznosci lewej tetnicy mozgu tylnej. Zespól aleksji bez agrafii.

The authors present a clinical description of three cases of occlusion of the left posterior cerebral artery. The pathogenesis of the syndrome of alexia without agraphia is discussed, together with other coexistent symptoms and signs such as hemianopsia, colour anomia, disturbances of recent memory. The discussion is based on own observations and a review of the pertinent literature.

[The relation between ischemic cerebral stroke and heart diseases]. / Wspólzaleznosc niedokrwiennych udarów mózgu i chorób serca.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the relation between heart diseases and ischemic cerebral stroke. In addition to routine tests, echocardiographic examinations were performed in 70 patients with ischemic cerebral stroke and in 30 persons constituting the control group. It was found that heart diseases occurred in 70% of the patients in the group studied i.e. three times more frequently than in the control group. Heart disease confirmed by echocardiography and electrocardiography occurred more frequently in patients with cerebral infarct than in those with RIND. In the majority of cases cardiac valve diseases and/or atrial fibrillation were noted. It was found that in 14.3% of the patients studied, the results of the echocardiography indicated the need for modification of the treatment applied.

[Concentration of magnesium in serum and cerebrospinal fluid in patients with stroke]. / Zawartosc magnezu w surowicy krwi i plynie mózgowo-rdzeniowym pacjentów z udarami mózgu.

Magnesium concentration in blood serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was determined in 131 patients aged from 21 to 91 years, with RIND, complete stroke, cerebral haemorrhage and control group. Magnesium was estimated by the use of colorimetry and the method of Mann and Yoe. The results are presented in figures. Statistical evaluations revealed significant decrease of magnesium concentrations in blood serum and CSF in ischaemic stroke compared with control group. In complete stroke significantly lower concentrations of magnesium in blood serum and CSF were found compared with RIND. In ischaemic stroke higher MgSER/MgCSF index was found compared with control group. Magnesium concentration in blood serum was not statistically different within 2 weeks of the disease. No relationships were found between blood serum or CSF Mg concentrations and gender or age.

[Multi-system atrophy or symptomatic orthostatic hypotension]. / Zanik wieloukladowy czy objawowe podcisnienie ortostatyczne.

The authors describe a case of a 74-year-old patient with orthostatic hypotension syndrome. They discuss the possible symptomatic or idiopathic mechanisms of the aetiology of this syndrome, taking into account their possible coincident.

[Rheoencephalographic evaluation of carotid artery compression test in patients with ischemic cerebral stroke]. / Reoencefalograficzna ocena próby ucisku tetnicy szyjnej u chorych z niedokrwiennymi udarami mózgu.

The rheoencephalographic method was applied for evaluating the common carotid artery compression test in 87 cases, including 49 patients with ischaemic strokes and 38 healthy subjects. In all 174 tests were done. No complications were observed. The investigation confirmed the usefulness of the test for the diagnosis of carotid artery occlusion. The test should be used routinely in rheoencephalographic investigations in patients with ischaemic cerebral strokes.

[Analysis of cases of funicular myelosis]. / Analiza przypadków zwyrodnienia powrózkowego rdzenia kregowego

In a material of 14 cases of funicular myelosis the authors demonstrated frequent presence of peripheral signs, psychic changes and rare occurrence of such infrequent syndromes as transverse myelitis, cerebellar syndrome, optic nerve atrophy. Diagnostic difficulties are discussed in cases of pernicious anaemia without blood changes, without gastric achylia, or in patients with vitamin B12 deficiency, malabsorption syndromes and other more infrequent pathological conditions. The importance of such investigations as Schilling's test in atypical cases and the necessity of regular, long-term substitutive treatment with B12 are stressed.

[Clinical aspects and diagnostic difficulties in normotensive hydrocephalus]. / Obraz kliniczny i trudnosci diagnostyczne u chorych z wodoglowiem normotensyjnym.

Ten patients are presented with normotensive hydrocephalus treated by implantation of the ventriculo-atrial valve. The follow-up was from 1 to 5 years. The usefulness of the test of cerebrospinal fluid removal (Fisher's test) for qualification for this surgical treatment is stressed.

[Guillain-Barré syndrome in a patient with primary sicca syndrome]. / Ciezki zespól Guillain-Barré u chorej z pierwotnym zespolem suchosci.

At the age of 23 the patient showed the first signs of dryness syndrome. Those symptoms developed progressively and during a few years primary Sjögren syndrome was noted. In the 37th year of life suddenly the patient developed very severe Gullian-Barré syndrome with involvement of the peripheral and central nervous system and with a considerable autonomic component. After treatment the patient improved, however mild symptoms of central and peripheral nervous system destruction remained. Those symptoms are still present and the patient is under the care of the Neurology and Rheumatology Clinic.

[Electrocardiographic changes in acute and past cerebral stroke]. / Zmiany elektrokardiograficzne w ostrych i przebytych udarach mózgu

An analysis of 617 cases of cerebral strokes was done, including 534 acute and 83 past ones treated in the years 1966-1972. The patients were divided into 4 groups: I -- cerebral haemorrhage, II -- cerebral embolism, III -- cerebral arterial thrombosis, IV -- failure of cerebral circulation. The classification was based on clinical criteria and in dying patients also on autopsy findings. ECG changes were analysed in all patients. In the acute period of stroke the greatest proportion of cases were cerebral arterial thrombosis (197 cases --37%) and in this group acute myocardial infarctions were most frequent. This group was followed by cases of acute cerebral circulatory failure (191 cases -- 35%). The electrocardiographic correlate of the cerebral changes were in this group signs of myocardial ischaemia (84 cases -- 15%). Cerebral embolism (134 cases -- 24%) was associated with arrhythmia (109 cases --19) of various origin. In the group of cerebral haemorrhages (95 cases -- 17%) no unequivocal ECG changes were observed. In all patients with myocardial infarction during cerebral stroke atheromatous changes of coronary arteries were present. No correlation was observed between the location of the cerebral focus and the type of electrocardiographic changes.