Listeriosis outbreak caused by Latin-style fresh cheese, Bizkaia, Spain, August 2012.

Two cases of laboratory-confirmed listeriosis were detected in Bizkaia, Spain, at the end of August. The epidemiological investigation indicated that these two cases were associated with the consumption of Latin-style fresh cheese made from pasteurised milk in Portugal. Different batches of the same cheese were analysed and confirmed as contaminated with Listeria monocytogenes. The product was withdrawn from the market and the population was advised not to consume this kind of cheese.

Search for the decay &Bmacr;(0)-->D(*0)gamma

We report results of a search for the rare radiative decay &Bmacr;(0)-->D(*0)gamma. Using 9.66x10(6) B&Bmacr; meson pairs collected with the CLEO detector at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring, we set an upper limit on the branching ratio for this decay of 5.0x10(-5) at 90% C.L. This provides evidence that the anomalous enhancement is absent in W-exchange processes and that weak radiative B decays are dominated by the short-distance b-->sgamma mechanism in the standard model.

Study of exclusive radiative B meson decays

We have studied exclusive, radiative B meson decays to charmless mesons in 9.7x10(6) B&Bmacr; decays accumulated with the CLEO detector. We measure B(B0-->K(*0)(892)gamma) = (4.55(+0.72)(-0. 68)+/-0.34)x10(-5) and B(B+-->K(*+)(892)gamma) = (3.76(+0.89)(-0. 83)+/-0.28)x10(-5). We have searched for CP asymmetry in B-->K(*)(892)gamma decays and measure A(CP) = +0.08+/-0.13+/-0.03. We report the first observation of B-->K(*)(2)(1430)gamma decays with a branching fraction of (1.66(+0.59)(-0.53)+/-0.13)x10(-5). No evidence for the decays B-->rhogamma and B0-->omegagamma is found and we limit B(B-->(rho/omega)gamma)/B(B-->K(*)(892)gamma)<0.32 at 90% C.L.

A noda-like virus isolated from the sweetpotato pest spodoptera eridania (Cramer) (Lep.; noctuidae)

A small isometric virus has been isolated from larvae of the sweetpotato pest Spodoptera eridania (Cramer) collected near Pariacoto, Ancash province, Peru. It is designated the Pariacoto virus (PaV). In addition to its high pathogenicity on its natural host Spodoptera eridania, PaV was found to replicate in Spodoptera ochrea (Hampson) larvae but not in Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) larvae. The size of the viral particle was estimated to be about 30 nm in diameter. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed a protein of approximately 40.5 kDa. After agarose gel electrophoresis, the viral genome appeared to be bipartite RNA. Gel immunodiffusion tests showed no serological relationship between PaV and Nodamura virus, the type species for insect nodaviruses. Electron microscopy confirmed that viral replication occurs in the cytoplasm. These properties are similar to those of other members of family Nodaviridae, to which the virus is currently assigned. Copyright 1999 Academic Press.

Paciente VIH con infección por Pneumocystis jirovecii: hallazgos en tomografía computarizada de alta resolución / HIV patient with Pneumocystis jiroveci infection: findings in high resolution tomography (HRCT)

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Invarianza factorial del Cuestionario de Autoconcepto Físico Modificado (CAF-M) en universitarios mexicanos deportistas y no deportistas / Invariância factorial do Questionário de Autoconceito físico modificado (CAF-M) em atletas e estudantes universitários mexicanos não atletas / Factorial invariance of the Modified Physical Self-Concept Questionnaire (CAF-M) in athlete and non-athlete Mexican university students

El objetivo principal del presente estudio fue examinar la invarianza factorial del Cuestionario de Autoconcepto Físico Modificado (CAFM) en universitarios mexicanos deportistas y no deportistas. La muestra total fue de 1.528 universitarios mexicanos, 651 deportistas y 877 no deportistas, con una edad media de 20,78 años (DE = 2,45). Los análisis factoriales confirmatorios mostraron que una estructura de dos factores es viable y adecuada para ambas poblaciones. Atendiendo a criterios estadísticos y sustantivos, la estructura de dos factores (competencia motora y atractivo físico) ha mostrado adecuados indicadores de ajuste de fiabilidad y validez. Además, la estructura factorial, las cargas factoriales y los interceptos se consideran invariantes en las dos poblaciones estudiadas. Se encontraron diferencias entre los universitarios deportistas y no deportistas para las medias de ambos factores. Por último, el presente estudio también confirma la validez del modelo bidimensional del autoconcepto físico. Futuras investigaciones deberían replicar estos hallazgos en poblaciones con diferentes factores culturales y personales (AU)

O principal objetivo deste estudo foi examinar a invariância fatorial Modificado Questionário de Auto Física (CAF-M) em atletas e nãoatletas universitários mexicanos. A amostra total foi de 1.528 estudantes universitários no México, 651 atletas e 877 não-atletas, com média de idade de 20,78 anos (DP = 2,45). Análise fatorial confirmatória mostrou que uma estrutura de dois fatores é factível e adequado para ambas as populações. Em resposta a critérios estatísticos e materiais, a estrutura de dois fatores (competência motora e atratividade física) tem mostrado indicadores de ajuste adequados de confiabilidade e validade. Além disso, a estrutura de fatores, cargas fatoriais e intercepta são considerados invariantes em ambas as populações estudadas. Diferenças entre atletas e não-atletas universitários para o meio de ambos os fatores foram encontrados. Finalmente, este estudo também confirma a validade do modelo de duas dimensões do ser físico. Pesquisas futuras devem replicar essas descobertas em populações com diferentes fatores culturais e pessoais (AU)

The main purpose of the present study was to examine the factorial invariance of the Modified Physical Self-Concept Questionnaire (CAFM) in athlete and non-athlete Mexican university students. A sample of 1,528 Mexican university students, 651 athletes and 877 non-athletes, with an average age of 20.78 years (SD = 2.45) was used. The confirmatory factor analyses showed that a two-factor structure is feasible and suitable for both populations. Based on statistical and substantive criteria, the two factor structure (motor competency and physical attractiveness) has shown adequate adjustment indicators of reliability and validity. Additionally, the factor structure, factor loadings and intercepts are considered invariant in both studied populations. Differences between athlete and non-athlete university students in the means values of the two factors were found. Finally, the present study also confirms the validity of the two-dimensional model of the physical self-concept. Future research studies should replicate these findings in populations with different cultural and personal factors (AU)

Síndrome de Herlyn-Werner-Wünderlich: a propósito de un caso / Herlyn-Werner-Wünderlich syndrome: A case report

El síndrome de Herlyn-Werner-Wünderlich es una anomalía congénita rara del tracto urogenital que afecta a los conductos de Müller y de Wolff con la tríada útero didelfo, obstrucción de hemivagina y agenesia renal ipsilateral. Las pacientes suelen estar asintomáticas hasta la menarquía, y a partir de entonces la clínica dependerá del grado de obstrucción vaginal, apareciendo frecuentemente masa y dolor pélvico. El diagnóstico suele ser radiológico, siendo de elección la resonancia de abdomen y pelvis que nos confirmará las alteraciones genitourinarias en su totalidad, y el tratamiento es quirúrgico con resección del tabique y drenaje de la vagina obstruida

Herlyn-Werner-Wünderlich syndrome is a rare congenital anomaly of the urogenital tract affecting the Müller and Wolff ducts with the uterus didelphys triad, hemivagina obstruction and ipsilateral renal agenesis. Patients are usually asymptomatic until menarche and thereafter the clinical practice will depend on the degree of vaginal obstruction, with frequently appearing mass and pelvic pain. The diagnosis is usually radiological, with the resonance of abdomen and pelvis chosen that will confirm us the genitourinary alterations in its totality and the treatment is surgical with resection of the septum and drainage of the obstructed vagina

El nuevo formato de los documentos de evaluación de la formación sanitaria especializada: una revolución inadvertida / The new format for the documents to evaluate specialized healthcare training: an inadvertent revolution

La reciente publicación de la resolución por la que se aprueban las directrices básicas que deben contener los documentos acreditativos de las evaluaciones de los especialistas en formación mantiene el modelo, pero incorpora elementos que permiten cambios importantes en la evaluación. La resolución tiene errores y es confusa, ya que las normas se esconden en las instrucciones para rellenar los formularios y notas a pie de página. Sin embargo, la resolución es más que un simple cambio de formularios: es un paso adelante hacia un modelo de evaluación más actual y basado en una evaluación de la competencia del residente. Los cambios más significativos son el fortalecimiento del rol del colaborador docente, el incremento de las posibles causas de evaluación negativa, y el establecimiento de la rotación como la unidad básica de evaluación

The recent publication of the resolution through which the basic directives about the contents of the documents to accredit the assessments of specialists in training maintains the model but incorporates new elements that enable important changes in the assessment. The resolution has errors and is confusing because the rules are hidden in the instructions for filling out the forms and in footnotes. Nevertheless, the resolution is more than a simple change in the forms: it is a step toward a more current assessment based on the evaluation of residents' competence. The most significant changes are a stronger role for collaborating teachers, an increase in the number of possible reasons for negative assessments, and the establishment of the rotation as the basic unit of analysis

Programa de Revitalización Geriátrica: efectos sobre la cognición en adultos mayores de 60 años / Geriatric revitalisation programme: Effects on cognition in adults over the age of 60

Antecedentes y objetivo: Las evidencias clínicas indican que los individuos mayores muestran con mayor frecuencia diversos cambios cognoscitivos, siendo leves y poco incapacitantes refiriéndose a las funciones mnésicas y a la rapidez de pensamiento y razonamiento. Numerosas evidencias científicas apoyan el papel del ejercicio físico aeróbico como pilar fundamental para prevenir o retrasar la aparición de deterioro cognitivo leve o demencia. El objetivo de este trabajo consiste en determinar el efecto duradero de la mejoría del estado cognitivo de los adultos mayores sanos a los 6 meses de la finalización de un programa de Revitalización Geriátrica (PRG). Material y métodos: La población de estudio fue tomada de los participantes en el PRG de la Universidad de Salamanca. Siguiendo las directrices de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, los sujetos realizaron 3 sesiones semanales de ejercicio físico moderado durante el periodo de intervención. Para la elección de la muestra se realizó un muestreo aleatorio por conglomerados, donde se eligieron al azar 3 asociaciones del total de asociaciones de la ciudad y en cada una de ellas del conjunto de personas que estaban dispuestas a seguir el PRG. La muestra estaba formada por 35 sujetos de ambos sexos mayores de 60 años. Para la valoración neuropsicológica de los sujetos se incluyeron una serie de pruebas neuropsicológicas validadas: Examen Cognoscitivo Mini-Mental; Test de Retención Visual de Benton; Aprendizaje Audioverbal de Rey; Test de Stroop; Test del Trazo A y B. Resultados: Los resultados nos indican la existencia de diferencias significativas entre las 3 valoraciones realizadas, obteniendo un mayor rendimiento tras la intervención, en las variables evaluadas, y volviendo a puntuaciones iniciales tras la inactividad física. Conclusiones: Se deben encontrar estrategias que limiten el tiempo de inactividad física o de sedentarismo de la población mayor de 65 años, buscando maneras de incentivar a la participación en Programas de Actividad Física

Background and aim: Clinical evidence shows that elder individuals display with greater frequency diverse cognitive changes, minor and slightly incapacitating, related to mnesic functions and speed of thought and reasoning. Much scientific evidence supports the role that aerobic physical activity plays as fundamental to prevent or delay the onset of minor cognitive damage or dementia. The aim of this paper is to determine the lasting effect of improved cognitive status in healthy older adults six months after completing a geriatric revitalization programme (GRP). Material and methods: The study population was recruited among participants in the Universidad de Salamanca GRP. Following the guidelines of the World Health Organization, subjects performed 3 weekly sessions of moderate physical exercise during the intervention period. The sample consisted of 35 subjects of both genders, all of them over 60 years old. For the selection of the sample, random sampling was carried out by conglomerates, where 3 associations of the total number of associations in the city were chosen at random, and in each of the group of people who were willing to follow the GRP. In order to assess the subjects' neuropsychological capacities, a series of validated neuropsychological tests were included: Mini-Mental State Examination; Benton Visual Retention Test; Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test; Stroop Test; Trail Making Test. Results: The results show significant differences between the three assessments put into effect: after the intervention, performance improved in all variables assessed, and it returned to the initial scores after a period of physical inactivity. Conclusions: We must find strategies to limit spans of physical inactivity or sedentary lifestyles in people over 65 by looking for ways to encourage participation in physical activity programmes

Cambios histopatológicos en la necrosis miocárdica mediante la expresión de fibronectina / Histopathological changes in myocardial necrosis through fibronectin expression

El objetivo principal del estudio ha sido la aplicación de técnicas inmunohistoquímicas para poder efectuar el diagnóstico de la isquemia miocárdica en fases precoces con un margen mayor de seguridad. Se han seleccionado casos de muerte súbita de origen cardíaco en sujetos adultos, y se ha realizado una valoración descriptiva y semicuantitativa de los hallazgos. El diagnóstico histopatológico mediante la utilización de fibronectina por procedimientos inmunohistoquímicos ha demostrado una sensibilidad muy superior a la de las tinciones habituales. Los resultados altamente satisfactorios y la simplificación al máximo de la técnica pueden contribuir a su implantación en los laboratorios forenses y a que sea aplicada en un número importante de casos judiciales (AU)

The main objective of the study was the application of immunohistochemical techniques in the diagnosis of myocardial ischemia in the early stages with a greater margin of assuredness. We have selected cases of sudden cardiac death in adults, making a descriptive and semiquantitative assessment of the findings. Histopathological diagnosis by inmunohistochemical techniques using fibronectin antibodies has shown higher sensitivity than routine techniques. The satisfactory results as well as well as the simplification of the technique contributes to its implementation in forensic laboratories and application in an important number of forensic cases (AU)

Carcinoma escamoso de úvula concomitante a carcinoma esofágico en estudio PET/TC con 18F-FDG / Uvular squamous cell carcinoma concomitant with oesophageal carcinoma in a 18F-FDG PET/CT study

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Intervencionismo en el cuello / Interventional radiology neck procedures

La ecografía se ha convertido en una herramienta sumamente útil en la valoración de masas y lesiones en la cabeza y el cuello. Permite determinar la localización anatómica, así como las características del tejido que compone las lesiones en estudio. De esta manera conseguimos orientar el diagnóstico diferencial hacia lesiones inflamatorias, neoplásicas, congénitas, traumáticas o vasculares. Sí es cierto que para establecer la extensión completa de determinadas lesiones hay que apoyarse en el escáner o la resonancia. Los procedimientos intervencionistas, gracias a la guía ecográfica principalmente, han visto crecer sus indicaciones, por lo que actualmente pueden realizarse biopsias, drenajes, infiltraciones, tratamientos mediante esclerosis y ablaciones de tumores (AU)

Ultrasonography has become extremely useful in the evaluation of masses in the head and neck. It enables us to determine the anatomic location of the masses as well as the characteristics of the tissues that compose them, thus making it possible to orient the differential diagnosis toward inflammatory, neoplastic, congenital, traumatic, or vascular lesions, although it is necessary to use computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging to determine the complete extension of certain lesions. The growing range of interventional procedures, mostly guided by ultrasonography, now includes biopsies, drainages, infiltrations, sclerosing treatments, and tumor ablation (AU)

La radiología del siglo XXI: la visión de la SERAM / Radiology in the 21st century: The SERAM's vision

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La Radiología en el siglo XXI: debilidades, amenazas, fortalezas y oportunidades / Radiology in the 21st century: strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats

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Identification of patients at highest risk for ventilator-associated pneumonia in the surgical intensive care unit.

Ventilator-acquired pneumonia (VAP) is a major problem for patients admitted to the surgical intensive care unit mechanically ventilated. Recently, we have identified both clinical and immunologic factors associated with the development of VAP. The clinical risk factors are associated with the severity of the injury and the length of mechanical ventilation. The immunologic risk factors are associated with the local lung inflammatory response that is unchecked and affects local cell function. The combination of the severity of injury, the length of mechanical ventilation, and the failure to "auto-regulate" the lung response places the host at risk of VAP. In the next millennium, if we are to make significant advances in the management of VAP, we will need to understand the pathophysiology of the disease process. Then we can develop preventive strategies that will reduce the morbidity and the associated cost of VAP.

Cytokine Response to Fetal Cardiac Bypass

>Objective: Cytokines are associated with the systemic inflammatory response syndrome that occurs after cardiopulmonary bypass. We hypothesized that the placental dysfunction which has been found to complicate fetal cardiac bypass may be in part a function of a cytokine-mediated acute phase reaction. To test this hypothesis, we designed a study to investigate the effect of cardiac bypass on interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), IL-6, and IL-8 in fetal sheep.Methods: Nine mixed-breed pregnant ewes at 118-122 days of gestation were assigned randomly to either the "fetal cardiac bypass group" (n = 5) or the "control group" (n = 4). After surgical exposure and instrumentation, cardiac bypass was performed for 30 min in study group fetuses, whereas control group fetuses were exposed and instrumented identically but did not undergo bypass. Placental and systemic hemodynamics were monitored in both groups. Pre- and post-bypass blood samples were analyzed for IL-1beta, IL-6, and IL-8 using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.Results: IL-6 levels were undetectable before bypass in all fetuses. IL-6 increased after bypass in all bypass group fetuses to 53.0 +/- 24.2 pg/ml, whereas IL-6 levels remained undetectable in all control animals. Fetal cardiac bypass produced no significant changes in IL-1beta and IL-8 in either group. Following bypass, placental blood flow decreased by 23% in the bypass group, which was significantly more (P = 0.0002) than the 6% decrease in the control group; placental vascular resistance increased significantly more in the bypass group (20%) than in control fetuses (1%; p = 0.004).Conclusions: Fetal cardiac bypass produces significant and consistent increases in fetal plasma IL-6, which correlate with increased placental vascular resistance and decreased placental blood flow. IL-6 may have an important role in placental dysfunction following fetal cardiac bypass, but further investigation will be necessary to elucidate its specific role in the impairment of placental function or as a marker of placental injury.

Análisis retrospectivo de las complicaciones asociadas a los dispositivos implantables intravasculares / Retrospective analysis of complications associated with implantable intravascular devices

Objetivos: Presentar nuestra serie de pacientes a los que se ha implantado un reservorio subcutáneo permanente, el sistema elegido, la técnica y las complicaciones. Material y métodos: Entre el 1 de enero de 2005 y el 31 de diciembre de 2006, se colocaron 66 dispositivos. Los pacientes provenían desde los servicios de oncología médica y hematología. La colocación del reservorio se hizo en quirófano, bajo estrictas medidas de asepsia. Se canalizó la vena subclavia por vía infraclavicular, según la técnica de Seldinger. Una vez canalizada la vena, se realizó una incisión a unos 5 cm del punto de punción para permitir a un tunelizador guiar el catéter hasta el lugar donde se colocaría el reservorio de titanio. Posteriormente, se disecó el tejido celular subcutáneo en la zona infraclavicular hasta crear un lecho donde se deposita un pequeño depósito con una membrana de silicona que permite las inyecciones, perfusiones y extracciones sanguíneas. Se fijó el depósito y se cerraron las incisiones por planos anatómicos. Se diseñó un protocolo para la recogida de datos y seguimiento que incluía: datos de filiación, diagnóstico, indicación, tipo de catéter, vía de acceso venoso, profilaxis antibiótica, complicaciones tempranas y tardías, eventual retirada del catéter y motivo, y días de uso sin complicaciones. El seguimiento de los pacientes de realizó de forma retrospectiva hasta cierre del estudio (junio de 2007). El análisis estadístico se realizó con el programa SPSS 11.0. Resultados: La indicación fue la administración de quimioterapia; la patología predominante fue el carcinoma de mama. Los catéteres utilizados fueron del tipo Celsite ST201.La vía de acceso elegida mayoritariamente fue la vena subclavia derecha (60,6%). Aparecieron complicaciones tempranas (menos de un mes de la colocación) en 2 (3%) pacientes, consistentes en funcionamiento anómalo del catéter y un neumotórax, que se resolvió con medidas conservadoras (...) (AU)

Objectives: To present our series of patients with a permanent subcutaneous reservoir and describe the system chosen, the technique used, and complications. Material and methods: Between January 1, 2005 and December 31, 2006, 66 devices were placed in patients from the Medical Oncology and Hematology Services. There servoir was placed in the operating room, under strict aseptic conditions. The subclavian vein was canalized through the infraclavicular route, following Seldinger’s technique. After the vein was canalized, an incision was made approximately 5 cm from the puncture point to allow a tunneler to guide the catheter to the area where the titanium reservoir would be placed. Subsequently, the subcutaneous cellular tissue of the infraclavicular area was dissected to create a bed where a small deposit was placed with a silicone membrane to allow injections, perfusions and blood extraction. The deposit was fixed and the incisions were closed by anatomical planes. A protocol was designed for data collection and follow-up, which included the following: affiliation, diagnosis, indication, catheter type, route of venous access, antibiotic prophylaxis, early and late complications, eventual catheter withdrawal and reason, days of use without complications. Patient follow-up was performed retrospectively until the end of the study (June 2007). The statistical analysis was performed with the SPSS 11.0 statistical package. Results: The indication was chemotherapy administration and the main disease was breast carcinoma. The type of catheter used was Celsite ST201. The most frequently chosen route of access was the right subclavian vein (60.6%). Early complications (less than 1month after placement) occurred in two patients (3%) and consisted of catheter malfunction and pneumothorax, which were resolved with conservative measures. Late complications occurred in 12 patients (18.2%) (…) (AU)

Respuesta a la carta «Asuntos fundamentales en la formación de nuevos especialistas en radiodiagnóstico» / Reply to the letter "Fundamental topics in the training of new diagnostic imaging specialists"

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Bicitopenia asociada al parto de un feto muerto de 32 semanas / Bicytopenia associated with the delivery a dead foetus of 32 weeks

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