[Basic risk factors and quality of a life at gallstone disease patients].

THE AIM: to investigate possible associations between quality of a life (QoL) and basic risk factors of the Gallstone disease--GSD--sex, age, adiposity, diabetes mellitus, an arterial hypertension. MATERIALS AND METHODS: QoL at 142 GSD patients by means of questionnaire MOS SF-36 and a specific questionnaire to GSD patients "Gallstone Impact Checklist" (GIC) has been estimated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: among GSD patients a male (on a pain scale of GIS), age (on scales PF, RP, RE of SF-36), obesity (on all scales of questionnaire GIC, except a dyspepsia scale, and on scale PF of SF-36) and a diabetes mellitus (on scales of emotions, a food and eating an overall account of GIC) associated with considerable decrease in the QoL indices, but the presence of arterial hypertension does not influence.

[Lipid peroxidation in patients with acute and chronic pancreatitis].

OBJECTIVE: To assess the initial levels of lipid peroxidation (LPO) products in LDL and to study changes in oxidative resistance (OR) of precipitated LDL in acute and chronic pancreatitis patients (OP and CP). METHODS: were examined 39 CP patients and 37 OP patients, and the control group - 7 persons without pancreatic diseases and diabetes mellitus (DM). All CP patients were examined in the acute stage, OP patients - in the first 5 days after admission to hospital. Determination of LPO products in LDL and OR of LDL to Cu2+ - induced oxidation were carried out its own method (Ragino, 1998). RESULTS: In CP patients the initial level of LPO products in LDL was higher (8.9 +/- 1.5 nmol MDA/mg LDL protein) than in those in control group (5.3 +/- 0.8) and in OP patients (5.0 +/- 0.5, p<0.05), and the OR of LDL is significantly lower than those in the control group. In AP and CP patients with permanent pain syndrome in the left hypochondrium initial level of LPO products in LDL is much higher (7.0 +/- 0.6, and 5.0 +/- 0.6, p = 0,016), and OR of LDL after 0, 5, 1 and 2 h incubation with Cu2+ (2 h: 31.7 +/- 1.8 and 23.2 +/- 1.9, p = 0.002) - much lower compared with AP and CP patients without pain. Only CP patients combined with DM type 2 were defined reducing the OR of LDL after 0.5, 1 and 2 h incubation with Cu2+. CONCLUSION: The activity of LPO in the blood and LDL were affected in AP and CP patients.

[Genetic aspects of digestive diseases. Part 1].

The paper presents the data available in the literature on mutations in known genes in pancreatitis, such as cationic trypsinogen (PRSS1), pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI/SPINK1), cystic fibrosis (CFTR), and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genes, as well as the new candidate gene--chymotrypsinogen (CTRC). It also gives the results of the authors studies estimating the spread of the mutations in the PRSS1 (2.5%), PSTI/SPINK1 (3.3%), and CFTR (0.8%) genes, as well as APOE polymorphism in patients with pancreatitis. It is shown that the E4 allele of the APOE gene was more frequently identified in patients with acute pancreatitis than in those with chronic pancreatitis (0.143 +/- 0.05 and 0.026 +/- 0.02, respectively; p < 0.05). An overview is given of 7 major classes of candidate genes implicated in the pathogenesis of cholesterol cholelithiasis (CL): hepatic enzymes regulating blood lipid composition; receptors of lipoproteins, hepatic and intestinal membrane and intracellular transport proteins; factors regulating the transcription of lipids and bile salts, cholecystokinin and its receptors, and mucin. In the authors' epidemiological study, the spread of APOE alleles and genotypes did not differ in women with and without CL; low molecular-weight apolipoprotein(a) isoforms (B, S2) were significantly found in patients with CL than in those without CL; the spread of the CG genotype in the TRPM8 gene was significantly lower in women with cholesterol CL than that in the Novosibirsk population. These polymorphisms have been proved to be associated with bile cholesterol concentrations in women with cholesterol CL. The opposite effect of the APOE4 allele on gallbladder stone formation processes is demonstrated, by using the APOE polymorphism as an example, which shows it necessary to examine each specific population to elicit a possible association between the polymorphism of different genes and gastrointestinal tract diseases.

[Quality of life of patients with cholecystolithiasis in the remote period after cholecystectomy].

UNLABELLED: The aim of the study was to evaluate the quality of life in patients with gallstone disease (GSD) in the remote period after cholecystectomy for various forms of surgical intervention and the disease (latent or symptomatic). Also we compared them with the indicators of quality of life of patients with cholecystolithiasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In an open clinical study were surveyed 170 patients with gallstone disease, of which 60 people were operated for gallstone disease, 110 patients had cholecystolithiasis. At 1/3 of patients with gallstone disease was asymptomatic, in 2/3--with clinical manifestations. To assess the quality of life using were validated specific questionnaire for patients with gallstone disease--Gallstone Impact Checklist. RESULTS: Among all patients with cholelithiasis who underwent cholecystectomy that asked for gastroenterologists help patients the quality of life was significantly worse on the scale of power (26.0 +/- 2.8 points) and the joint account (89.0 +/- 9.6 points) than in patients with stones in the gallbladder (16.5 +/- 2.2 and 61.0 the mini-access (total score 83.6 +/- 13.7 points), did not differed from those after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (85.0 +/- 10.9 points, p > 0.05). For those patients with cholelithiasis in which the disease before surgery were no symptoms quality of life (general account) decreased more significantly (to 29.8%) compared to patients with cholelithiasis who have this disease before the operation proceeded with clinical manifestations (4.1%), when compared with the total score of all examined patients with CL. CONCLUSIONS: Quality of life in patients with gallstone disease in the postoperative period after cholecystectomy was significantly worse than the individual scales of the questionnaire GIC compared to patients with stones in the gallbladder, regardless of the type of operation (from the mini-access or laparoscopic). In this patient with a latent course of gallstone disease before the operation quality of life significantly worse on all scales than patients with clinical symptoms before surgery.

[Prevention of acute enteric infections and viral hepatitis A in the Stavropol Territory in connection with a natural disaster]. / Profilaktika ostrykh kishechnykh infektsii i gepatita A v Stavropol'skogo Krae v sviazi so stikhiinym bedstviem.

Materials on the organization and realization of prophylactic measures with respect to acute enteric infections (AEI) and viral hepatitis A (VHA) at the period of the liquidation of medico-sanitary consequences of the high flood are presented. As shown in these materials, the epidemiological surveillance on AEI and VHA in the areas affected by the emergency situation included the effective system of monitoring on these diseases. On the basis of monitoring optimum decisions were taken and concrete prophylactic measures were realized. This made it possible to detect the foci of infectious diseases in due time and efficiently liquidate them, as well as to prevent the development of the epidemiological consequences of the high flood.

[Spontaneous differentiation of cultured human pulmonary adenocarcinoma cells]. / Spontannaia differentsirovka kul'tiviruemykh kletok adenokartsinomy legkogo cheloveka.

During cultivation of the cells of dimorphous poorly differentiated glandular and squamous cell pulmonary carcinoma, one can see the predominance of the cells of poorly differentiated pulmonary adenocarcinoma with a gradual transition to a high-differentiated pulmonary adenocarcinoma. The cells of high-differentiated pulmonary adenocarcinoma exhibited marked capacity for agglutination induced by PHA and Con A, as well as high levels of dehydrogenase and hydrolase activity.