Intrathyroid injection of triamcinolone acetonide in thyroid swelling disorders.

Patients with thyroid swelling disorders, particularly females, are not happy with the postoperative scar on the neck after a thyroid surgery. Medical management can restore thyroid hormones to the normal levels but cannot reduce the swelling easily. Intrathyroid injection of triamcinolone acetonide, a nonsurgical procedure was tried in 76 cases of thyroid swelling disorders. Randomised cases of thyroid swelling disorders with the size less than 4 4cm were selected for this procedure. After excluding the cases associated with diabetes, adenoma, toxic state and malignancy, a course of three to ten sittings of intrathyroid injections was administered in each selected patient. Patients with abnormal thyroid functions were treated to the enthyroid state before the therapy. About 90% had excellent results, 5% fair results and 4% poor results. Intrathyroid injection of triamcinolone acetonide is found to be a satisfactory modality of treatment for thyroid swelling disorders and found to be acceptable to the patients as well.

Osteonecrosis of hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage.

A 55-year-old man with carcinoma of the right pyriform fossa was treated with cobalt therapy. Subsequently, osteonecrosis of the right greater horn and the right superior horn of the thyroid cartilage developed, followed by pathologic fractures of the processes and spontaneous expulsion of the sequestrae.

A study of the incidence and causation of deafness among the children in the tribal population of Manipur and its prevention.

In a clinico-audiological study of 6,674 children in 24 tribal villages in the hills of Manipur in a total population of 18,565, the incidence of deafness is found to be 6.62% The incidence of the conductive deafness is 98.64% and that of the sensori-neural is 1.35%. Episodes of cold attacks and running nose are found to be precursurs of the prevalent conductive deafness. Preventive measures are worked out.

Paraganglioma in the nasopharynx.

A 50-year old male presented with swollen right eyelids, bleeding per nostrils and a vague left post-auricular swelling for 4 months. Posterior rhinoscopy revealed one pinkish polypoidal mass in the posterior nare and roof of nasopharynx. FNAC from the post-auricular swelling suggested metastatic undifferentiated carcinoma. Incisional biopsy was done form the nasopharynx and histopathological examination proved it to be a malignant paraganglioma. The case is reported for its rarity.

Head and neck manifestations of HIV infection: a preliminary study.

The study deals with evaluation of the head and neck manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). It is a preliminary, prospective study, conducted in the department of ENT and microbiology, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur. The clinical presentations for HIV infection and AIDS with head and neck involvement are shown in this paper. Forty patients with HIV infection and various head and neck manifestations are included in this study The median age of diagnosis was 33 years with male to female ratio of 3.4: 1. The predominant mode of transmission of HIV infection among the patients of this series was found to be intravenous drug use (IDU) in 65% of cases. Rhinosinusitis was found to be the most common presenting feature constituting 27.5% of the cases followed by oral candidiasis in 22.5% of the cases. After consideration and observation of all the facts and findings, this study concludes and proposes that it will be well for all clinicians, including otolaryngologists especially, to bear a high level of suspicion for HIV infections in their day to day practice.

Sinonasal and nasopharyngeal adenoidcystic carcinoma: report of four cases.

Four cases of sinonasal and nasopharyngeal adenoidcystic carcinoma that came to the RIMS Hospital, Imphal during the period of July, 2002 to March, 2003 are reported in this article. The age incidence ranged from 30 to 80 years and the mean age was 47.5 years; with male to female ratio of 1:1. The average duration from first sympton in the patient to the date of his medical consultation was 17.8 months. Nasal obstruction was the first symptom two cases; lump sensation in the throat and headache in the third and fourth cases respectively. Despite the evidence of rapid and extensive local spread there were definitely delays from the patients' end to consult a clinician. Whereas the tumour itself is not common, the usual sites, if it occurs, are palate and minor salivary glands and rarely mucous and seromucinous glands elsewhere.

CT guided fnac of nasopharynx: A new diagnostic tool for early and rapid detection of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.

Early detection of nasopharyngeat carcinoma (NPC) still remains a. ekalleng to the clinicians because of its nonspecific early signs and symptom, difficulty in the eramaation of the nasopharynx and also becuase of the disease's early loco- regional spread. For an.early and rapid detection of this diseas a new diagnostic fool- CT guided FNAC of nasopharyns is interdadeced here in the diagnostic armamentarium of the head and neck cancers. In this prospective study 30 clinically suspectedcases of NPC are subjected to this new diagnostic tool along with tht other dignastic measures like radiological and pathological studies. The technique is found to be quite reliable in the diagnosis of NPC with a sensitivity of 63.2% and. a specificity of 100% The overall actaracy of the technique is 76.7% This, novel technique is fast and reliable, well tolerated by the patients with few complications, and if performed properly, can contain costs while maintaining high dianastic efficency.