[In vitro induction of transmissive resistance to tetracycline, chloramphenicol and ampicillin chloramphenicol in Vibrio cholera non-O1/non-O139 serogroups isolated within 1990-2005].

Inducible character of resistance to tetracycline, chloramphenicol and ampicillin was investigated in 20 strains of Vibrio cholera non-O1/non-O139 serogroups isolated from inhabitants of Uzbekistan in 1990 (10 strains, ctx+) and in 2001 (5 strains, ctx-) and from inhabitants of Kalmykiya within 2003-2005 (5 strains, ctx-). Eight of the 20 isolates showed not only capacity for induction of the antibiotic resistance, but also its possible self transfer to Escherichia coli and reverse crosses in El Tor V. cholerae P-5879. It was shown that the effect of the antibacterial on the isolates phenotypic susceptibility could increase the resistance markers expression, when the genomes contained sites responsible for their expression, that required constant bacteriological control of the treatment efficacy and the use of the isolates antibioticograms for early replace of the inefficient drug by the efficient one. The prevalence of V. cholerae O1 and non-O1/non-O13 serogroups with multiple resistance to the antibacterial and the genetic potency for the antibiotic resistance development in the pathogen made difficult the choice of efficient drugs for prophylaxis and treatment of diseases caused by V. cholerae.

[Antibioticograms of Vibrio cholerae non-01/non-0139 strains isolated from humans within 1968-2009].

Analysis of the antibioticograms of the Vibrio cholerae non-01/non-0139 strains showed that in the cultures isolated in the Rostov Region in 1968--1975 there were present markers of resistance to ampicillin (7%), kanamycin (15.8%), rifampicin (3.5%) and trimetoprim/sulfamethoxazole (14%). Among the strains isolated in the Ukraine in 1975 14% was resistant to ampicillin. More than a half of the strains isolated in Uzbekistan in 1990 and 2000-2001, in the Arkhangelsk Region in 1999-2000 and in the Kalmykia in 1999-2005 was antibiotic resistant. In the above regions the strains were resistant to ampicillin (12.5-44.4%), kanamycin (11-55%), rifampicin (1.9-12.5%) and trimetoprim/sulfamethoxazole (25-62.5%). Among the cultures isolated in Uzbekistan in 1990 and 2000-2001 25 and 7.8% were resistant to furazolidone and 31.25% was resistant to streptomycin (1990). All the cultures isolated in the Rostov Region in 2005-2009 were resistant to ampicillin, 50% was resistant to ceftazidim, 57% was resistant to streptomycin and furazolidone, 7.2% was resistant to kanamycin and 14% was resistant to trimetoprim/sulfamethoxazole. The studies revealed an increase of the extent of the V.cholerae non-01/non-0139 resistance spectrum within 1968-2009, simultaneous presence of up to 5 diverse resistance markers and a variety of their combinations, that requires the use of antibacterials for the treatment of the diseases due to the vibrios in strict compliance with the pathogen antibioticogram and their early replace by more efficient drugs.