[Enzymology of snails under treatment of molluscicides].

Studies on the enzymology of snails are important in the study of molluscicidal mechanism. The alteration of activities of enzymes after molluscicidal treatment was reported in large numbers of papers. This paper reviews the progress of studies on the enzymology of snails under the treatment of molluscicides.

Esophageal Angiolipoma:Report of One Case and Literature Review / 中国医学科学院学报

Esophageal angiolipoma is a rare disease with unspecific clinical manifestations.This paper reported a case of esophageal angiolipoma confirmed by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and summarized the clinical manifestations,endoscopic and pathological features,treatment and prognosis of the patients by reviewing the relevant literature,aiming to provide references for clinical diagnosis and treatment of this disease in the future.

[Progress of molecular detection of Schistosoma].

Schistosomiasis diagnosis plays an important role in the schistosomiasis control. The early detection of schistosomiasis can help to find the infectious source and prevent advanced schistosomiasis effectively. Up to now, serodiagnosis and parasitological diagnosis are used commonly to detect the infection of Schistosoma. As the schistosomiasis control program continues in China, the infection rate and infection intensity of Schistosoma japonicum are decreased significantly, which makes the serodiagnosis and parasitological diagnosis limited for lacking of sensitivity and timeliness. The molecular diagnosis has been developed greatly because of its timeliness, high specificity and sensitivity, which promotes the development and improvement of schistosomiasis diagnosis. In the endemic areas where schistosomiasis is limited and the infection rate is low, the molecular diagnosis provides a potential platform for the early detection and micro detection efficiently. Here, we provide a review that mainly emphasizes the progress of molecular detection of schistosomiasis.

Retrograde thoracic duct approach via left venous angle in the treatment of chylothorax / 中华放射学杂志

Objective:To investigate the feasibility and effect of retrograde thoracic duct approach via left venous angle in the treatment of chylothorax.Methods:From July 2019 to April 2021, the clinical data of 16 patients with chylothorax in Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Tongji University were retrospectively collected. All patients underwent percutaneous inguinal lymphography, super selective retrograde thoracic duct catheterization was attempted via the left venous angle. Successful patients underwent direct thoracic ductography. After the position of the rupture was shown, the thoracic duct was embolized with microcoils and glue.Results:The inguinal lymphography of 16 patients was successful, and the end of thoracic ducts was identified. Retrograde thoracic duct catheterizations were successful in 10 patients, 6 cases showed contrast agent overflow in thoracic ductography, and the thoracic ducts were embolized using microcoils combined with glue. Chylothorax was improved in 16 patients, and 6 cases were completely cured. All patients had no serious complications.Conclusion:It is an effective and feasible method to treat chylothorax by retrograde thoracic ductography and embolization approach via left venous angle.

[Effect and mechanism of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells on protective efficacy of protein vaccine against Schistosoma japonicum in mice].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect and mechanism of CD4+CD25+ Tregs (Tregs) on the protective efficacy of gluthatione-S-transferase (GST) against Schistosoma japonicum in mice. METHODS: Female BALB/c mice were divided randomly into five groups：a normal control group, an infected control group, an anti-CD25mAb group, a GST immunization group and a combination group with GST immunization and anti-CD25 mAb. The GST group and combination group were injected percutaneously with GST 50 µg each mouse, the other two groups were injected with equal volume PBS. The immunization was performed for 3 times for two-week interval, and 2 weeks after the last immunization, each mouse was challenged with 40 S. japonicum cercaria. Two weeks post-infection, the combination group and anti-CD25 mAb group were injected intraperitoneally with 300 µg antiCD25 mAb each mouse. The mice were succumbed 2 weeks, 3 weeks, 4 weeks and 5 weeks post-infection respectively. The percentages of CD4+CD25+ Tregs in splenocytes of mice were measured with flow cytometer. The levels of IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5 and TGF-ß in cell cultural supernatants were determined by sandwich-ELISA after stimulation with Con A. The liver sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. RESULTS: The worm burden in the combination group (15.80±2.74) was significantly lower than those of the infected control group (27.78±3.15), anti-CD25 mAb group (21.50±4.21), and GST group (20.84± 6.46). Compared to those of the infected control group, the percentages of CD4+CD25+ Tregs were significantly higher in the GST group, while the percentages of CD4+CD25+ Tregs were significantly lower post-anti-CD25 mAb-administration. Regardless of GST administration, the levels of IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4 and IL-5 after anti-CD25 mAb were significantly higher than those of the infected control groups. There were no significant differences of egg granuloma and the level of TGF-ß between each group. CONCLUSIONS: CD4+CD25+ Tregs could be partially blocked by anti-CD25 mAb while Th1 and Th2 type immunization response could be enhanced, which plays a role in improving the protective efficacy of GST against of S. japonicum.

The predictive value of the expression of EZH2 on B lymphocyte subsets on the prognosis of septic patients / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the dynamic expression of histone methyltransferase (enhance of zeste homolog 2, EZH2) in peripheral blood B lymphocytes (CD19 +B) and memory B lymphocytes (CD19 +CD27 +B) of septic patients and its value in predicting prognosis in sepsis. Methods:From June 2018 to January 2020, 48 septic patients in the Intensive Care Unit of Shanghai East Hospital were enrolled, and 40 healthy adult volunteers were recruited as healthy controls. Septic patients were divided into the non-survivors (18 cases) and the survivors (30 cases) according to whether the patients survived at 28 days. Blood samples were collected at day 1, 3 and 7, blood routine, IL-6 and blood gas analysis were collected, and SOFA and APACHE Ⅱ scores were counted. Flow cytometry was used to detect the positive rate and the mean fluorescence intensity of EZH2 on CD19 +B lymphocytes, and the positive rate of EZH2 on CD19 +CD27 +B lymphocytes at different time points. In the healthy controls, fasting was taken only once in the morning. ROC curve was drawn and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to evaluate the value of expression of EZH2 on CD19 +B lymphocytes and CD19 +CD27 +B lymphocytes in predicting the prognosis of septic patients. Results:(1) Compared with the healthy controls, the positive rate and average fluorescence intensity of EZH2 on CD19 +B lymphocytes and the positive rate of EZH2 expression on CD19 +CD27 +B lymphocytes were significantly increased at day 1, 2 and 3 in septic patients ( P<0.05). Over time, the expression of EZH2 in CD19 +B lymphocytes and CD19 +CD27 +B lymphocytes increased gradually ( P<0.05). (2) Compared with the survivors, the positive rate of EZH2 on CD19 +B lymphocytes of the non-survivors was increased at day 1, but the positive rate of EZH2 on CD19 +CD27 +B lymphocytes of the non-survivors was decreased at day 3 and 7 ( P<0.05). (3) The positive rate of EZH2 on CD19 +B lymphocytes, APACHE Ⅱ score, SOFA score and IL-6 level in septic patients at day 1 were independently associated with 28-day mortality. (4) The AUC of APACHEⅡ score was 0.907 (95% CI: 0.825-0.990), and the sensitivity and the specificity were 88.89% and 76.67%. The AUC of SOFA score was 0.831 (95% CI: 0.706-0.955), and the sensitivity and the specificity was 66.67% and 86.67%; The AUC of EZH2 positive rate on CD19 +B lymphocytes were 0.799 (95% CI: 0.657-0.941), and the sensitivity and specificity were 88.89% and 80.77%, respectively, the sensitivity was better than SOFA score, and the specificity was higher than APACHEⅡ score. Conclusions:The high expression of EZH2 on B lymphocytes in septic patients is associated with poor prognosis. Dynamic monitoring of EZH2 expression on B lymphocytes has certain predictive value for sepsis.

Correlation between CT-feature of lobulation and epidermal growth factor receptor gene mutations in advanced pulmonary adenocarcinoma / 中华放射学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the correlation between the feature of lobulation, degree of lobulation on CT images and epidermal growth factor receptor gene (EGFR) mutations in advanced pulmonary adenocarcinoma.@*Methods@#Two hundred and one patients who were diagnosed with advanced pulmonary adenocarcinoma between January and December 2017 and had undergone a chest CT and EGFR mutation testing at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital were enrolled in this retrospective study. The clinical and imaging data of the patients were analyzed. The patients were classified into EGFR mutations group (107 cases) and wild type group (94 cases) according to whether EGFR gene mutation occurred. The feature of lobulation (described as presence of lobulation, absence of lobulation, or obscured margin), degree of lobulation (including deep lobulation, shallow lobulation, no lobulation, and obscured) on CT images were statistically compared between the two groups.@*Results@#Based on the presence or absence of lobulation sign, there were 99, 0, 8 cases with lobulation, no lobulation, obscured margin in the EGFR mutations group and 80, 1, 13 cases in the wild type group, respectively. There was no significant difference in lobulation sign between the EGFR mutations group and wild type group (P=0.152). According to the degree of lobulation, there were 32, 67, 0, 8 cases of deep lobulation, shallow lobulation, no lobulation, obscured margin in EGFR mutations group and 60, 20, 1, 13 cases in wild type group. Significant differences of frequency were found regarding deep lobulation and shallow lobulation between the two groups (P<0.001). However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in the presence of no lobulation, and obscured margin (P>0.05).@*Conclusions@#EGFR mutations are significantly associated with shallow lobulation in advanced pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Conversely, deep lobulation is more likely to appear in advanced pulmonary adenocarcinoma with wild-type EGFR. However, there is no association between EGFR mutation status and the presence of lobulation.

Correlation between CT?feature of lobulation and epidermal growth factor receptor gene mutations in advanced pulmonary adenocarcinoma / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the correlation between the feature of lobulation, degree of lobulation on CT images and epidermal growth factor receptor gene (EGFR) mutations in advanced pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Methods Two hundred and one patients who were diagnosed with advanced pulmonary adenocarcinoma between January and December 2017 and had undergone a chest CT and EGFR mutation testing at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital were enrolled in this retrospective study. The clinical and imaging data of the patients were analyzed. The patients were classified into EGFR mutations group (107 cases) and wild type group (94 cases) according to whether EGFR gene mutation occurred. The feature of lobulation (described as presence of lobulation, absence of lobulation, or obscured margin), degree of lobulation (including deep lobulation, shallow lobulation, no lobulation, and obscured) on CT images were statistically compared between the two groups. Results Based on the presence or absence of lobulation sign, there were 99, 0, 8 cases with lobulation, no lobulation, obscured margin in the EGFR mutations group and 80, 1, 13 cases in the wild type group, respectively. There was no significant difference in lobulation sign between the EGFR mutations group and wild type group (P=0.152). According to the degree of lobulation, there were 32, 67, 0, 8 cases of deep lobulation, shallow lobulation, no lobulation, obscured margin in EGFR mutations group and 60, 20, 1, 13 cases in wild type group. Significant differences of frequency were found regarding deep lobulation and shallow lobulation between the two groups (P<0.001). However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in the presence of no lobulation, and obscured margin (P>0.05). Conclusions EGFR mutations are significantly associated with shallow lobulation in advanced pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Conversely, deep lobulation is more likely to appear in advanced pulmonary adenocarcinoma with wild?type EGFR. However, there is no association between EGFR mutation status and the presence of lobulation.

Enzymology of snails under treatment of molluscicides / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Studies on the enzymology of snails are important in the study of molluscicidal mechanism.The alteration of activi-ties of enzymes after molluscicidal treatment was reported in large numbers of papers.This paper reviews the progress of studies on the enzymology of snails under the treatment of molluscicides.

Spontaneous formation of hierarchical wrinkles in Cr films deposited on silicone oil drops with constrained edges.

We report on the spontaneous formation of hierarchical wrinkling patterns in Cr films deposited on silicone oil drops with constrained edges. The appearance of the wrinkling patterns is strongly dependent on the film thickness and the size of the silicone oil drop. Because the Cr film at the drop edge is constrained due to the strong adhesion between the film and the glass surface, the wrinkle wavelength merely depends on the distance starting from the drop edge. When the distance increases, the wavelength increases quickly first, and then it slows down gradually in compliance with a simple power law. The evolution of the wrinkle amplitude is similar to that of the wavelength, but it is also closely related to the film thickness and the oil drop size. Based on the fact that the silicone oil is polymerized to form an elastic layer during deposition, the formation and evolution of the hierarchical wrinkling patterns have been analyzed in detail.

3.0T MRI in predicting triple negative breast cancer / 中国医学影像技术

Objective To evaluate the related factors in 3.0T MR imaging features for predicting triple negative breast cancer (TNBC).Methods Totally 191 patients with breast cancer confirmed by histopathology were enrolled,among them 25 were TNBC (TNBC group),while the other 166 were non-TNBC (non-TNBC group).All patients underwent 3.0T MR examination.Patient age,tumor size,shape,margin,enhancement pattern,signal intensity on T2WI,time-intensity curve (TIC),ADC value,and peritumoral vessel between the two groups were compared.Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were used to predict the related factors.Results Compared with non-TNBC group,smooth margin (P=0.023),round mass (P=0.001),rim enhancement (P＜0.001),high signal intensity on T2WI (P=0.003),higher ADC value (P=0.022) and increased peritumoral vessel (P=0.046) were significantly associated with TNBC.Further multivariate Logistic regression analysis identified four independent risk factors of TNBC (all P＜0.05),including enhancement pattern,signal intensity on T2WI,ADC value and increased peritumoral vessel.The area under ROC curve of combination of the 4 factors was 0.840.Conclusion Rim enhancement of mass,high signal intensity on T2WI,higher ADC value,and increased peritumoral vessels are independent risk factors in predicting TNBC.

Correlation between serum bone protein and disease severity and cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson’s disease / 中风与神经疾病杂志

@#Objective　To investigate the relationship between serum Osteopontin (OPN),Osteoprotegerin (OPG) and Osteocalcin (OCN) in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and the severity of the disease and cognitive impairment Relationship.Methods　Fifty-two PD patients (PD group) were included,and H-Y staging,UPDRSⅢ,and MoCA score were performed.According to the MoCA score,PD was divided into a cognitively normal group of 20 cases and a cognitively impaired group of 32 cases.In the same period,36 healthy subjects (control group) were included,and the serum OPN,OPG and OCN levels in each group were detected for statistical analysis.Results　The serum OPN and OCN levels in the PD group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05),and OPG was lower than the control group (P<0.05);serum OPN was higher in PD cognitive impairment group than in normal PD cognitive group (P<0.05);Results from spearman correlation analysis showed that serum OPN and OCN of PD patients were positively correlated with H-Y staging and UPDRSⅢ score (P<0.05).OPN was negatively correlated with MoCA score,attention,calculation ability and abstract thinking (P<0.05),and serum OCN level was positively correlated with delayed recall (P<0.05);Logistic regression analysis suggests that OPN is a risk factor for PD cognitive impairment.Conclusion　Serum OPN,OPG and OCN are related to the pathogenesis of PD.Serum OPN and OCN can further evaluate the condition of PD patients and are related to cognitive impairment.

Observation of endovascular stent insertion for non-small cell lung cancer patients with superior vena cava syndrome / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of endovascular stent insertion for non-small cell lung cancer patients with superior vena cava syndrome.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We retrospectively studied 123 patients referred to our hospital for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer presenting with superior vena cava syndrome. Patients were devided in two groups according to the use of endovascular stent insertion in superior vena cava syndrome or not. 64 patients underwent endovascular stent insertion was designed as the stenting group and 59 without stenting as control group. The differences between the two groups in complete response, complication and survival were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The complete response rate of superior vena cava obstruction was 92.0% for the stenting group, and 42.0% for the control group, showing a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.001). The median time to complete response was (3.76 ± 2.83) days in the stenting group, significantly shorter than that of the control group (28.08 ± 16.06) days (P < 0.001). The relapse rate after complete response was 12.0% in the stenting group and 16.0% in the control group, showing a non-significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.607). The median time to relapse was 2.7 months in the stenting group and 1.1 months in the control group (P = 0.533). In the stenting group, stent stenosis occurred in 1 case and thrombosis was observed in 3 cases. The incidence rate of complications was 6.3%. Thrombosis occurred in 1 case of the control group, with an incidence rate of complications of 1.7%, showing a non-significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.201). Seven among the 123 patients were still alive at the endpoint of following up. The median survival time was 8.0 months (stenting group) and 5.5 months (control group) (P = 0.382).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Endovascular stent insertion is effective and safe for non-small lung cell cancer patients with superior vena cava syndrome, and it may be recommended as the first choice for palliative treatment of superior vena cava obstruction.</p>

Window Settings in the Diagnosis of Invasiveness of Lung Adenocarcinoma with Ground Glass Opacities / 中国医学影像学杂志

Purpose To explore the value of window width adjustment in diagnosing the invasiveness of lung adenocarcinoma manifested as ground glass opacities on high-resolution CT, and to provide guidance for the diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma in different types. Materials and Methods The preoperative CT data of 102 preinvasive lesions and 107 invasive lesions of lung adenocarcinoma were analyzed retrospectively. Among 102 cases of preinvasive lesions, 25 were atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH), 77 were adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS). Among 107 cases of invasive lesions, 78 were minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA), and 29 were invasive adenocarcinoma. The lesions were ground glass opacity (GGO) on lung window while were invisible on mediastinal window. The window width was adjusted constantly until the lesions were invisible with the fixed mediastinal window level (40 HU). When the lesions became invisible, the window width was compared and the best cut-off was found on ROC curve in the two groups. Results The window width of lesions between preinvasive lesions and invasive lesions was different (Z= - 6.203, P<0.05). Window width was a good indicator for the invasiveness of pulmonary adenocarcinoma (area under the ROC was 0.748, P<0.05), and the window width of 1303 HU was the best cut-off for preinvasive lesions and invasive lesions (sensitivity was 56.9%, specificity was 86.0%. Conclusion Window width may be useful for the diagnosis of the invasiveness of the GGO of lung adenocarcinoma on HRCT. The lesion disappearing when the window width is larger than 1303 HU is more likely to be preinvasive; while the lesion disappearing when the window width is smaller than 1303 HU is more likely to be an invasive one.

Study on Compatibility of TCM Prescriptions for Treating Alzheimer Disease Based on Data ;Mining / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To study the compatibility of TCM prescriptions of TCM practitioners of all dynasties of Alzheimer disease (AD). Methods Amnesia, forgetting, dementia, and idiot were set as search words to retrieve relevant literature in Encyclopadia of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Prescription information was screened and standardized to build database. Frequency analysis and association rules were used to mine TCM prescriptions and compatibility rules. Results Totally 449 AD related prescriptions were selected, involving 682 Chinese medicinal herbs. The individual herb with the highest frequency was Ginseng Radix Rhizoma (192);the herbal pair with the highest frequency was Ginseng Radix Rhizoma-Polyhalae Radix (182);the herbal combination with 3 Chinese medicinal herbs with the highest frequency was Poria with Hostwood-Ginseng Radix Rhizoma-Polyhalae Radix (79);the herbal combination with 4 Chinese medicinal herbs with the highest frequency was Polyhalae Radix-Ginseng Radix Rhizoma-Poria with Hostwood-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (37). The results of association rules showed that Ginseng Radix Rhizoma-Polyhalae Radix, Ginseng Radix Rhizoma-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, and Ginseng Radix Rhizoma-Poria with Hostwood were commonly used compatibilities in AD related prescriptions. Conclusion Treatment of TCM practitioners in all dynasties for AD mainly chooses Chinese medicinal herbs with the efficacy of tonifying qi and soothing nerves. The compatibilities and combinations are reasonable and with certain representativeness.

Interventional therapy for lung cancer patients with superior vena cava syndrome / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the method, therapeutic effect and safety of interventional therapy for lung cancer patients with superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty-two cases of lung cancer with SVCS who received interventional therapy in our hospital between Jan to Dec 2011 were included in this study. Of the 52 cases, 50 cases had successfully carried out superior vena cava stent implantation. The distal venous pressure was measured before and after angioplasty, and the results were assessed by Wilcoxon matched-pairs test. In addition, the 50 patients were followed up and the therapeutic effect and postoperative survival rate were evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean distal venous pressure in the 50 patients was significantly decreased from preoperative (28.2 ± 1.9)cm H2O to postoperative (8.7 ± 0.5)cm H2O (P = 0.0085). The efficacy of the treatment was as follows: complete remission (20/52, 38.5%), partial remission (28/52, 53.8%), ineffective 4 (4/52, 7.7%), and total effective rate 92.3%. The complications after angioplasty and stent implantation included chest pain (12 cases, 23.1%), hematoma at the puncture site (5 cases, 9.6%), and fever (2 cases, 3.8%). No serious complications such as massive hemorrhage, pulmonary embolism and stent migration into the cardiac atrium were observed. The rate of postoperative restenosis was low (2/52, 3.8%). For the SCLC group, the objective effective rate was 74.1% and 1-year survival rate was 21.0%. For the NSCLC group, the objective effective rate was 21.7% and 1-year survival rate was 35.0%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>For lung cancer patients with SVCS, interventional therapy may relief obstruction effectively, promote blood flow recovery, and relieve clinical symptoms. Interventional therapy with endovascular angioplasty and stenting may be highly recommended as the first choice for palliative treatment of SVCS. It is an effective initial palliative treatment. However, subsequent comprehensive anti-tumor treatment is necessary.</p>

Pleiotrophin stimulates growth and albumin secretion of rat hepatocytes in culture / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the influence of pleiotrophin (PTN) on the growth of rat hepatocytes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Primary rat hepatocytes were isolated from male Sprague-Dawley rats and divided into three groups: group A (negative control), cultivated in normal culture medium; group B (positive control), cultivated with culture medium supplemented with supernatant from the embryonic fibroblast 3T3 cell line; group C (experimental), cultivated with culture medium supplemented with human recombinant (hr) PTN (100 ng/ml). The hepatocytes' growth rate and level of secreted albumin (ALB) were evaluated by microscopy and biochemical assay, respectively. Significance of between-group differences were assessed by one-way ANOVA, and pairwise comparisons were performed by the least significant difference test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The growth rates of hepatocytes in groups A, B and C were 2.800+/-0.084%, 4.300+/-0.132% and 3.800+/-0.053%, respectively. The growth rate of group B was significantly higher than the other two groups (F = 333.735, P less than 0.05). For all groups, the highest levels of secreted ALB were detected between the second and sixth day of culture, with g/L concentrations at day 2, 4 and 6 of: group A, 0.550+/-0.010, 0.900+/-0.030 and 0.300+/-0.040; group B, 0.900+/-0.030, 1.300+/-0.020 and 1.400+/-0.030; group C, 0.900+/-0.010, 1.160+/-0.010 and 0.700+/-0.050. The secreted ALB of group B was significantly higher than that of the other two groups (F = 651.355, 338.831 and 863.205, P less than 0.05 ).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PTN can benefit in vitro culturing of rat hepatocytes by stimulating growth and enhancing their ability to secrete albumin.</p>

Study on the tumor growth and angiogenesis in the tumor of colon cancer xenografts in high fat diet induced metabolic syndrome model in nude mice / 中华消化杂志

Objective To investigate the characteristics of growth and angiogenesis of colon cancer xenograft in nude mice with metabolic syndrome induced by high fat diet.Methods Female BALB/C nude mice were fed with high fat diet (45.0％ from fat,HFD group) or common diet (13.8％ from fat,CD group) for 12 weeks (n=15,respectively).Colon cancer cell line SW480 was marked with green fluorescent protein (GFP) and subcutaneous xenograft model was established.The tumor growth was observed by the in vivo imaging system in small animal at the 4th week.By the end of the experiment,serum glucose and lipid level of the two groups were measured,visceral subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue,liver and xenograft tumor were dissociated and weighted.The differences of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and CD31 expression in the tumors between groups were analyzed.The t-test or x2 test were performed for group comparison.Results Compared with CD group,the body weight,blood serum glucose level,triglyceride and cholesterol level,adipose content of subcutaneous and visceral of the HFD group significantly increased (t=2.91,4.12,4.43,3.92,3.77 and 4.02,all P＜0.05).Averagedaily energy intake of HFD group was significantly higher than that of CD group (t=2.34,P＜0.05).There was no significant difference between the two groups in liver weight (t=1.02,P＞0.05).However,by HE staining lipid vacuoles in the liver tissue was obvious in HFD group.Average bioluminescent index,tumor volume and weight of xenografts of HFD group were remarkably higher than those of CD group (t=8.84,2.48 and 2.86,all P＜0.05).The immunohistochemical staining results indicated that the strong positive rate of PCNA in xenografts of HFD group was 80.00％ and the microvessel density (MVD) was (25.75±0.96)/per high power field,both of which were higher than those of CD group (14.29％ and (13.33±1.53)/per high power field respectively,x2 =12.52,t=13.35,both P＜0.01).Conclusions The colon cancer xenograft in nude mice with metabolic syndrome induced by high fat diet had a high MVD and grew fast.

Prognostic analysis and establishment of a prognostic model for patients with liver failure with hepatorenal syndrome / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify the factors that may influence the prognosis of patients with hepatorenal syndrome and try to establish a prognostic model.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Data of 126 patients with hepatorenal syndrome were analyzed and 56 indexes that might affect the prognosis were focused on, involving history, symptoms, signs and lab findings. Cox model and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were used.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Many factors were found to affect the prognosis independently, including hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and its degree, gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB), blood neutrophil count (N1) and serum creatinine (Cr). The prognosis model was established as the following equation where PI represents prognosis index: PI = 0.711HE + 0.836GIB + 0.052N1 + 0.002Cr (GIB: no = 0, yes = 1; HE: no = 0, phase I = 1, phase II = 2, phase II = 3, phase IV = 4). When PI < 1, the average survival time was 42 days; when 1 < or = PI < or = 3, the average survival time was 15 days; when PI > 3, the average survival time was 2 days.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results obtained from this study may help in estimation of diagnosis, analysis of illness state and evaluation of therapy in clinical work.</p>

Pulmonary arterial dimensions and right ventricular function by cardiac MRI / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) for pulmonary arterial hypertension(PAH).MethodsOne hundred and thirty patients with PAH confirmed by right cardiac catheterization were examined by CMRI and the results were compared with that of 31 healthy control participants.The main pulmonary artery diameter( MPAD),aortic diameter( AOD),main pulnonary arterydiameter/aorticdiameter(MPAD/AOD), rightventricular end-diastolicvolume ( RVEDV ),right ventricular end-systolic volume ( RVESV),right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) and right ventricular mass (RVM) were measured.The independent samples t-test was used to compare the PAH group with the control group.The Pearson correlation analysis and linear regression analysis were used to evaluate the relationship between cardiac and arterial measurements and pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP).ResultsThe MPAD,MPAD/AOD,RVEDV,RVESV,RVM in PAH group[ (3.88 ±0.57) cm,1.36 ±0.17,(161.63 ±56.37) ml,( 112.61 ±41.46) ml,(82.70 ± 20.73) g,respectively ] were increased compared with those in normal control group[ (2.74 ±0.31 ) cm,0.90 ±0.07,( 131.31 ± 15.14) ml,(61.33±9.00) ml,(44.39±5.87) g,respectively].The RVSV and RVEF in PAH group[(49.02 ±19.20) ml,( 30.76 ± 5.85 ) ％,respectively ] were decreased compared with those in normal control group [ (69.95 ± 9.63 )ml,(53.28 ± 4.14 )％,respectively ].The MPAD,MPAD/AOD,RVEDV,RVESV,RVSV,RVEF,RVM were significantly different between PAH patients and control participants(tMPA =10.82,tMPAD/AOD=14.93,tRVEDV=2.96,tRVESV=6.83,tRVSV=-5.89,tRVEF=-20.22,tRVM=10.12,respectively,P＜0.01).There were no significant correlations between MPAD,RVEDV,RVESV,RVSV and PAP (r=0.299 for MPAD,r =0.127 for RVEDV,r=0.278 for RVESV,r =-0.229 for RVSV).Moderate positive correlations were found between MPAD/AOD, RVM and PAP (r =0.702 for MPAD/AOD,r =0.683 for RVM ).A moderate negative correlation was found between RVEF and PAP (r=-0.660).Conclusion CMRI is an excellent imaging modality for the diagnosis of PAH. The MPAD/AOD,RVM,and RVEF can be used to indicate the severity of PAH.