[Dose-response Relationship of Dexmedetomidine Combined with Sufentail for Postoperative Intravenous Analgesia in Video-assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery].

Objective To investigate the 50% effective dose(ED50)and 95% effective dose(ED95)of dexmedetomidine(DEX)combined with 0.032 µg/(kg·h)sufentanil as well as its analgesic effect for patient-controlled intravenous analgesia(PCIA)after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery(VATS).Methods Totally 25 patients undergoing elective VATS were enrolled. DEX and 0.032 µg/(kg·h)sufentanil were used for postoperative PCIA. The loading dose of DEX was 0.048 µg/(kg·h),and the dose difference between two adjacent patients was 0.008 µg/(kg·h). The DEX dose of a current patient was determined by whether the previous patient was satisfied with postoperative analgesic effect. If the previous patient was satisfied with postoperative analgesic effect,the DEX dose of the current patient was decreased by 0.008 µg/(kg·h);and if the previous analgestic effect was not satisfactory,DEX dose of the current patient was increased by 0.008 µg/(kg·h). The study endpoint was dexmedetomidine dose was<0.008 µg/(kg· h) within 7 upper and lower cycles in 7 consecutive cases. Finally,the probability unit regression was used to estimate the ED50 and ED95 of DEX and their 95% CI.Results When DEX combined with 0.032 µg/(kg·h) sufentanil was used for postoperative PCIA in young patients undergoing VATS,the ED50 and ED95of DEX were 0.0346 µg/(kg· h)[95%CI:0.0283-0.0408 µg/(kg·h)] and 0.0459 µg/(kg·h)[95%CI:0.0400-0.0880 µg/(kg·h)],respectively. No adverse reaction such as vomiting,respiratory depression,or bradycardia occurred. The average Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)scores at rest(Z=-5.128,P=0.000)and cough(Z=-6.642,P=0.000)and the Ramsay sedation score(Z=-2.335,P=0.020)within 6 hours after surgery were higher than those after 6 hour.Conclusion DEX combined with 0.032 µg/(kg·h) sufentanil are effective for postoperative PCIA in patients undergoing VATS when the ED50 and ED95 are 0.0346 µg/(kg·h)and 0.0459 µg/(kg·h),respectively.

[Effects of temperature on the growth, development and reproduction of Dysmicoccus neobrevipes Beardsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae).] / æ¸©åº¦å¯¹æ–°è èç°ç²‰èš§ç”Ÿé•¿å‘è‚²å’Œç¹æ®–çš„å½±å“.

In recent years, Dysmicoccus neobrevipes Beardsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is found as one of important alien species in China. For the alien pest, temperature always is a crucial factor on constructing stable population. In this study, the development and reproduction of D. neobrevipes population of pumpkin under different temperatures were investigated. The developmental duration, developmental rate, survival rate and fecundity of D. neobrevipes were compared in the laboratory under the conditions of 17, 20, 23, 26, 29 and 32 ℃, photoperiod 14L:10D, RH (75±5)%, and the life table of the laboratory population was constructed. The results showed that in 20-29 ℃, the developmental durations of every stage of D. neobrevipes all decreased with the increasing temperature; under 20 ℃, both female and male nymph D. neobrevipes had the longest duration, being 46.95 and 50.26 d, respectively. The female and male nymph D. neobrevipes grew most fast under 29 ℃ (20.28 d) and 32 ℃ (20.70 d). The relationship between the developmental rate and temperature for each stage could be simulated by the quadratic regression. In addition, we found that the temperature could impact the survival rate of D. neobrevipes. The highest survival rate of D. neobrevipes was recorded at 29 ℃ for both female (70.3%) and male (69.3%) nymphs. The developmental threshold temperature of female and male was 13.80 ℃ and 11.61 ℃, and the accumulated temperature of female and male was 491.50 and 388.85 day-degrees, respectively. Both pre-oviposition duration and adult longevity decreased with increasing temperature, and the highest fecundity per female was 442.2 eggs at 29 ℃, and the lowest 111.8 eggs at 20 ℃. The population trend indexes under 20 ℃ and 29 ℃ were 19.1 and 168.2, respectively. At 17 ℃ and 32 ℃, D. neobrevipes of the 1st instar nymphs and 3rd instar nymphs were found to stop growth, suggesting that excessively high or low temperature was unfavorable to the growth of D. neobrevipes. In conclusion, temperature could significantly affect the growth and development, survivorship, reproduction and population increasing of D. neobrevipes, and the most suitable temperature range for this pest is from 23 ℃ to 29 ℃.