An easy and green assay to determine albendazole and ivermectin in veterinary preparations by micellar liquid chromatography.

A procedure to determine albendazole and ivermectin in veterinary formulations, like tablet, bolus, oral suspensions, and injections by micellar liquid chromatography, has been developed. Sample preparation was a batch solid-to-liquid extraction in mobile phase, consisting of a stirring step (15 min), followed by ultrasonication (15 min) and filtration of the obtained supernatant, to reach a target concentration of 2 mg/L for both analytes. Using a mobile phase of 0.15 M sodium dodecyl sulfate-6% 1-pentanol buffered at pH 3 with a 0.01 M phosphate salt, running at 1 mL/min through a C18 column, both drugs were resolved in less than 10 min. Absorbance detection wavelength was 292 nm. Procedure was validated by the guidelines of the International Council on Harmonization in terms of specificity, calibration range (0.025-5 mg/L), trueness (97.8%-102.6%), precision (<2.2%), and system suitability. The method was found easy-to-handle, low cost, safe, green, and with high sample-throughput, thus useful for routine analysis. Therefore, it represents a valuable alternative for quality control of veterinary formulations. It was applied to samples of veterinary formulations purchased from local chemists and veterinarians, and label claims were inside the acceptance criteria (95%-105%).

A cross-sectional study to assess the anxiety and coping mechanism among primary caregivers of children admitted in PICU.

Introduction: PICU admission of a child may cause anxiety and stress among the caregivers. The criteria for admission to a PICU are terrifying and may legitimately cause parents to fear that their child may pass away or suffer a serious disability. They may be overburdened with stress and anxiety of illness and compliment medical information while trying to maintain a balance with other family demands. They must learn coping mechanisms and use resources to stay stable when they face challenges. Evidence on the coping mechanisms used by primary caregivers to control their stress and anxiety is scarce so this study assessed the anxiety and coping mechanism among the primary caregivers of children admitted in PICU. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 143 primary caregivers by using convenience sampling technique at PICU, AIIMS, Jodhpur, from April 31, 2021, to January 20, 2022. The participants were enrolled after obtaining informed consent and were interviewed by the researcher. Results: Study findings revealed that primary caregivers had 38% severe anxiety, 54% moderate anxiety, and 8% mild anxiety. They used emotion-focused coping (43.5%) followed by problem focused coping (37.2%) and avoidant coping (19.3%). Also, there was a significant association found between anxiety of primary caregivers and gender of the child (P = 0.012). Conclusion: Anxiety and stress are one of the expected psychological problems faced by caregivers of children admitted in PICU. Healthcare workers must make concerted attempts to support caregivers adaptive coping mechanisms, so they can retain a sense of balance.

Direct injection green chromatographic method for simultaneous quantification of amoxicillin and amikacin in maternity hospital wastewater (Sagar, India).

Amoxicillin (AMO) and amikacin (AMK) are broad-spectrum antibiotics that are most preferably given post-delivery (normal and cesarian) in the maternity hospitals located in Sagar city (Madhya Pradesh), India. Both the antibiotics make their way through sewage/drainage systems into the environment in the form of metabolized and unmetabolized compounds. Growing concern about the contamination of wastewater by antibiotics requires fast, sensitive and eco-friendly techniques. Therefore a simple, rapid and environmental friendly chromatographic method has been developed for simultaneous determination of AMO and AMK in maternity hospital wastewater samples. A micellar liquid chromatographic (MLC) method was developed with a C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm), sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS; 0.15 M), 1-butanol (7%) as a modifier, pH 5 and photo diode detector (PDA) at 270 nm and 256 nm for AMO and AMK respectively. The method was fast with analysis time below 9 min. In the present MLC method, linearities (r > 0.998), limits of quantification in the range of 0.02-0.04 µg/mL, repeatabilities, and intermediate precision below 4.9% were adequate for the quantification of AMO and AMK. The proposed method can be utilized to detect and quantify both the antibiotics in various samples by hospitals, pharmaceutical companies, pollution control board, municipal corporations, etc.

An unusual cause of ischemic stroke - Cerebral air embolism.

Air embolism is a preventable, often undiagnosed but potentially treatable cause of ischemic stroke with a high morbidity and mortality. It is usually iatrogenic ocurring especially in patients in ICU setting. We describe the case and neuroimaging of a patient with ischaemic stroke due to air embolism during manipulation of central venous line. We also review the literature with respect to aetiology, incidence pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment options for venous and air embolism. Cerebral air embolism should be considered in patients with sudden neurological deterioration after central venous or arterial manipulations or certain neurological procedures. Prevention, as well as early diagnosis and management, may reduce morbidity and mortality.