[Changes in water balance and its correction in patients with stomach cancer]. / Izmenenie vodnogo balansa i ego korrektsiia u bol'nykh rakom zheludka.

Blood volume and its components as well as total, extra- and intracellular fluid were measured in 58 gastric cancer patients (including those with concomitant pathology) on admission, preoperatively and in postoperative period. The parameters were compared with those of 17 healthy controls. On admission, water imbalance was relatively more pronounced in cancer patients with concomitant pyloric stenosis. Correction was effected by preoperative infusions of 10.9 l of liquid in uncomplicated cancer for 9.8 days +/- 2.1 and 25.5 l in cases of concomitant pyloric stenosis for 12.1 days +/- 2.4. As a result of these infusions and drug treatment carried out in preoperative period and during the first five postoperative days, water metabolism returned to normal and postoperative clinical course improved.

[Changes in hemostasis in patients with cancer of the stomach]. / Izmeneniia gemostaza u bol'nykh rakom zheludka.

A hemocoagulation study of patients with stage I-IV stomach tumors revealed hypercoagulemia and inhibited fibrinolysis regarded as a prethrombotic state. The changes were more pronounced in extensive tumor process (stage IV). Some patients showed initial signs of thrombohemorrhagic syndrome.

[Changes in the form of erythrocytes in cancer patients in the dynamics of the disease]. / Izmeneniia formi éritrotsitov u onkologicheskikh bol'nykh v dinamike zabolevaniia.

The study was concerned with echinocytosis in cases of fibroadenoma and cancer of the breast as well as malignancies of the lung, stomach and cervix uteri before and after surgical and radiation treatment. A relationship between the level of echinocytosis and tumor stage was observed, the highest level being in stage IV stomach cancer. Radical surgery was followed by a decrease while palliative treatment--by an increase in echinocyte level.

[Effects of infusion therapy on immunity and calcium contents in patients with stomach cancer]. / Vliianie infuzionnoi terapii na sostoianie immuniteta i soderzhanie kal'tsiia u bol'nykh rakom zheludka.

The humoral factor of non-specific immunity was shown to be inhibited significantly in gastric cancer patients. According to an analysis of immunologic status, phagocytic activity and blood plasma level of lysozymes increased during treatment of stomach cancer, thus pointing to favorable course of postoperative period.

[Blood lipase activity in cancer patients]. / Lipaznaia aktivnost' plazmy krovi u onkologicheskikh bol'nykh.

Blood plasma lipoprotein lipase level was measured in lung and stomach cancer patients before surgery and during postoperative period. A drop in the enzyme level was observed, particularly, in patients at stage IV. Postoperative infusion and drug therapy was followed by increase in the enzyme activity in stage III disease whereas at stage IV, only a tendency of lipoprotein lipase to rise was observed. Deterioration in patient condition led to a sharp decrease in the enzyme activity.

[Immunochemical and molecular-genetic markers in gastric cancer diagnostics].

Studies of molecular mechanisms of neoplastic transfromation are being under the thorough investigation, reveal the new genes involved into the tumor development. These genes and their products are potential tumor markers and levels of their expression can be detected using modem assays characterized by high specificity and sensitivity. The review highlights the current status of the molecular diagnostics of gastric cancer, including protein and nucleic acids biomarkers. The genetic and epigenetic changes, which are detected in the malignant and nonmalignant tumor tissue DNA and in the blood plasma DNA from tumor bearing patients, are summarized.

[Circulating nucleic acids in blood of patients with stomach and colon neoplasms].

Concentrations of extracellular deoxy- and ribonucleic acids in blood plasma and cell-surface-bound of blood cells were investigated in healthy donors and patients with malignant gastrointestinal tumors. Our results indicate that high concentration of extracellular DNA in blood plasma along with decreased level of extracellular RNA on the surface of blood cells correlate with development of gastrointestinal cancer. Ratio of nucleic acids in plasma to total amount of nucleic acids circulated in blood is a characteristic parameter distinguishing cancer patients from healthy persons.