[Use of dietary fish oil--an alternative to drug therapy of dyslipidemia]. / Primenenie masla ikhtienovogo pishchevogo--al'ternativa lekarstvennogo lecheniia dislipidemii.

The clinical efficacy of "Food ichthyenic oil", a new foodstuff, was studied in 129 patients with atherogenic dyslipidemia. The oil was given in a daily dose of 30 ml which contained 8 g polyunsaturated fatty acids of the omega-3 class. All the patients were divided into 3 groups: (1) 44 patients with 5.2-6.5 mmol/l cholesterol; (2) 37 with over 6.5 mmol/l, and (3) 48 with hypercholesterolemia (cholesterol over 5.2 mmol/l and hypertriglyceridemia (triglycerides over 2.3 mmol/l). Following 1-month therapy, all the groups displayed lower low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and significantly higher high density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations. After 4-month intake of ichthyenic oil, the levels of total and LDL cholesterol returned to the baseline values, whereas the concentration of HDL cholesterol was significantly higher than the baseline one. Following 12-month therapy, there were 15 and 14% decreases in total and LDL cholesterol, respectively, a 16% increase in HDL cholesterol. The patients from Group 3 exhibited low VLDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels.

[Use of food products containing polyunsaturated fatty acids of the omega-3 group in patients with disorders of lipid metabolism]. / Primenenie pishchevykh produktov, soderzhashchikh polinenasyshchen- nye zhirnye kisloty gruppy omega-3 u bol'nykh s narushennym obmenom lipidov.

The clinical efficiency of the ichtyenic oil obtained by processing some commercial fishes was explored. The oil was used as a supplement to foodstuffs: edible inchtyenic oil (EIO) in a daily dose of 30 g (containing 8.0 g omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids); dietary protein caviar (DPC) in a daily dose of 45 g (0.6 g omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids); an emulsified protein-and-fat product (EPFP) in a daily dose of 30 g (1.2 g fatty acids), EIO was given to 44 patients with dyslipidemia (Group 1), DPC to 12 (Group 2), and EPFP to 8 patients (Group 3). Following a month therapy, there was a decrease in total cholesterol (TC) by 12.2%, triglycerides (TG) by 28%, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) by 9.4%, very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDLC) by 20.0%, whereas high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) rose by 15.3% in Group 1. Group 2 showed 12.4 and 20.8% reductions in TC and TG, respectively. In Group 3, TC and TG fell by 7.1 and 8.7%, respectively. In the two latter groups, lipoprotein cholesterol remained unaltered. Thus, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid-containing foods may be used to correct lipid metabolism disturbances in patients with atherogenic dyslipidemia.

[Clinical evaluation of aiconol side effects]. / Klinicheskaia otsenka pobochnykh éffektov preparata éikonol.

In the study of 164 patients with atherogenic dyslipidemia the authors studied side effects of aiconol, concentrated cod liver oil. Its lipid component contains not less than 18% of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). All the patients were divided into 4 groups: 51 subjects of group 1 received aiconol in the form of oil, 35 subjects of group 2 had protein dietetic caviar prepared from animal proteins with addition of 3% aiconol, 38 subjects of group 3 were given protein-oil emulsion containing 20% aiconol and 40 patients of group 4 took gelatin aiconol in capsules. Side effects of the above food ingredients enriched with omega-3 PUFA were found to be of metabolic nature. These manifested most evidently in patients on oil aiconol incorporating both maximal doses of omega-3 PUFA and the largest amounts of inert constituents acting as additional fat load on the liver and pancreas. Group 1 patients also suffered from aggravated chronic gastrointestinal, hepatic and pancreatic disorders. Because of reduced quantities of omega-3 PUFA in the diets of group 2, 3 and 4 patients, they displayed much less severe side effects.