RESUMEN
It is suggested that HPV-18 variants from the A lineage have higher oncogenic potential compared to B variants. Some studies show uneven distribution of HPV-18 variants in cervical adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas. Regarding HPV-18 variants' functions, the few studies reported focus on E6, and none were performed using natural host cells. Here, we immortalized primary human keratinocytes (PHKs) with E6/E7 of HPV-18 A1 and B1 sublineages and functionally characterized these cells. PHK18A1 reached immortalization significantly faster than PHK18B1 and formed a higher number of colonies in monolayer and 3D cultures. Moreover, PHK18A1 showed greater invasion ability and higher resistance to apoptosis induced by actinomycin-D. Nevertheless, no differences were observed regarding morphology, proliferation after immortalization, migration, or epithelial development in raft cultures. Noteworthy, our study highlights qualitative differences among HPV-18 A1 and B1 immortalized PHKs: in contrast to PHK18A1, which formed more compact colonies and spheroids of firmly grouped cells and tended to invade and migrate as clustered cells, morphologically, PHK18B1 colonies and spheroids were looser, and migration and invasion of single cells were observed. Although these observations may be relevant for the association of these variants with cervical cancer of different histological subtypes, further studies are warranted to elucidate the mechanisms behind these findings.
Asunto(s)
Transformación Celular Viral , Proteínas de Unión al ADN/genética , Variación Genética , Papillomavirus Humano 18/fisiología , Queratinocitos/virología , Proteínas Oncogénicas Virales/genética , Biomarcadores de Tumor , Línea Celular Tumoral , Movimiento Celular/genética , Proliferación Celular , Células Cultivadas , Daño del ADN , Proteínas de Unión al ADN/metabolismo , Transición Epitelial-Mesenquimal/genética , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Queratinocitos/patología , Proteínas Oncogénicas/genética , Proteínas Oncogénicas/metabolismo , Proteínas Oncogénicas Virales/metabolismo , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/complicaciones , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/virología , Proteínas Supresoras de Tumor/genética , Proteínas Supresoras de Tumor/metabolismoRESUMEN
Cutaneous human papillomaviruses (HPVs) include ß- and γ-HPVs, in addition to a small fraction of α-HPVs. ß-HPVs were first isolated from patients with the rare genetic disorder Epidermodysplasia verruciformis, and they are associated with the development of nonmelanoma skin cancer at sun-exposed skin sites in these individuals. Organ transplant recipients also have greater susceptibility to ß-HPV infection of the skin and an increased risk of developing nonmelanoma skin cancer. In both immunosuppressed and immunocompromised individuals, cutaneous HPVs are ubiquitously disseminated throughout healthy skin and may be an intrinsic part of the commensal flora. Functional analysis of E6 and E7 proteins of specific cutaneous HPVs has provided a mechanistic comprehension of how these viruses may induce carcinogenesis. Nevertheless, additional research is crucial to better understand the pathological implications of the broad distribution of these HPVs.
Asunto(s)
Papillomaviridae , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/epidemiología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/virología , Epidermodisplasia Verruciforme , Humanos , Huésped Inmunocomprometido , Papillomaviridae/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/complicaciones , Prevalencia , Piel/virología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/epidemiología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/patología , Receptores de TrasplantesRESUMEN
Cutaneous human papillomaviruses (HPVs) include β- and γ-HPVs, in addition to a small fraction of α-HPVs. β-HPVs were first isolated from patients with the rare genetic disorder Epidermodysplasia verruciformis, and they are associated with the development of nonmelanoma skin cancer at sun-exposed skin sites in these individuals. Organ transplant recipients also have greater susceptibility to β-HPV infection of the skin and an increased risk of developing nonmelanoma skin cancer. In both immunosuppressed and immunocompromised individuals, cutaneous HPVs are ubiquitously disseminated throughout healthy skin and may be an intrinsic part of the commensal flora. Functional analysis of E6 and E7 proteins of specific cutaneous HPVs has provided a mechanistic comprehension of how these viruses may induce carcinogenesis. Nevertheless, additional research is crucial to better understand the pathological implications of the broad distribution of these HPVs.