Raising awareness among adolescent cyberbullies and their parents in Türkiye through a web-based cyberbullying education program based on Pender's health promotion model.

PURPOSE: The present study was carried out to examine the efficacy of a web-based Cyberbullying Awareness and Education (CBAE) program that was designed to raise awareness of cyberbullying among adolescents and their parents. DESIGN AND METHOD: Included in this quasi-experimental study were 64 adolescents (intervention group = 33, control group = 31) and 64 parents (intervention group = 33, control group = 31). The adolescents and parents in the intervention group took part in a 5-week CBAE program that was conducted through the website www.dijitalgencdijitalebeveyn.com, and included educational videos on (1) the Definition and Types of Cyberbullying, (2) the Causes and Outcomes of Cyberbullying, (3) Digital Citizenship, (4) Empathy (5) and Safe Internet Use; while the parents in the intervention group attended courses on (1) the Definition and Types of Cyberbullying, (2) the Causes and Outcomes of Cyberbullying, (3) Digital Parenting, (4) Empathy (5) and Safe Internet Use. The adolescents and parents in the control group, on the other hand, took part in no such interventions. Data were collected online using the Adolescent and Parent Data Collection Form, the Revised Cyber Bullying Inventory (RCBI-II) and the Adolescent and Parent Cyberbullying Awareness Form, and the acquired data were subjected to Mann-Whitney U, Wilcoxon and Independent samples t-tests for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The findings revealed a significant increase in the scores obtained from the CBAE Adolescent and Parent Evaluation Forms after the course, and the scores of the adolescents in the RCBI-II "I have engaged in cyberbullying" section were noted to decrease significantly in the intervention group. CONCLUSION: The CBAE web-based program was found to be effective in raising awareness of cyberbullying. As such, the use of the web-based CBAE program, which involves the parents of adolescents in the education process, is recommended as an interventional approach to the prevention of cyberbullying among adolescents. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Nurses should have the necessary competences to provide cyberbullying education to adolescents and their parents.

Insomnia severity among caregivers of children with type 1 diabetes: A mixed method study.

AIM: This research was conducted to assess the severity of insomnia experienced by caregivers of children with type 1 diabetes. METHOD: In this study, a mixed-method descriptive sequential pattern design was employed, incorporating both qualitative and quantitative research methods. In the study, 152 caregivers were surveyed for quantitative data on survey form and insomnia severity. Additionally, 9 mothers underwent semi-structured interviews for qualitative insights. RESULTS: Of caregivers, 13.8% were identified to experience clinical insomnia. There were statistically significant differences in insomnia severity index scores in terms of experiencing sleep problems after the child's type 1 diabetes diagnosis, caregivers having adequate sleep duration at night, how they felt on waking in the morning, difficulty managing their child's diabetes the next day due to lack of sleep, difficulty getting to sleep at night, sleeping more than one hour during the day, lack of sleep due to caring and treatment, lack of sleep due to not meeting the desired targets for blood glucose values and receiving support for type 1 diabetes management due to lack of sleep (p < 0.05). Three themes were identified as a result of qualitative analysis: Sleep status of caregivers, effect of sleep problems on daily life and solving sleep problems. CONCLUSIONS: Caregivers experience insomnia during the process of type 1 diabetes management and this situation affects their daytime care duties. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Research shows caregivers of children with type 1 diabetes often face insomnia, highlighting the need for solutions.

Cyber Bullying Experiences of Adolescents and Parental Awareness: Turkish Example.

PURPOSE: This study investigates the experiences of adolescents with cyber bullying and the awareness of their parents regarding the problem of cyber bullying. DESIGN AND METHODS: The descriptive cross-sectional research was carried out with 1129 secondary and high school adolescents and 776 parents in Turkey. Pearson Chi-Square and Mann Whitney U tests, as well as a Logistic Regression analysis, were used. RESULTS: A statistically significant difference was noted between cyber bullying and experiences of victimization among adolescents and the time spent on the Internet, frequency of access, access to resources, use of social media, sharing of personal information, educational background of the parents and number of children (p < 0.05). Accessing the Internet in Internet cafes, having daily access to the Internet and the sharing of gender on social media increased the likelihood of cyber victimization, whereas male gender, age and having parents with a high level education increased the likelihood of cyber bullying. CONCLUSIONS: Internet use by adolescents and the use of social media were found to be high in the present study, and parents were found to be unaware of the cyber bullying and cyber-victimization experienced by adolescents. Increasing the awareness of adolescents and parents pertaining to the issues of cyber bullying and cyber-victimization, and carrying out initial studies in the field of nursing is recommended.