RESUMEN
Strains of Shigella flexneri isolated from patients in 4 geographic regions of the former USSR have been studied by plasmid analysis and fingerprinting techniques. It has been shown that these methods make possible to differentiate phenotypically identical strains for 9 genotypic patterns (7 different plasmid profiles and 3 specific hybridization patterns). Strains of Shigella flexneri isolated from each region possess the similar hybridization patterns independent of serovar and plasmid profiles. Similar hybridization patterns were found among the strains isolated in Erevan and Dushanbe. The strains isolated in Kiev are related to Erevan and Dushanbe strains, but they also possess the specific additional hybridization bands. Tashkent isolates are different from the strains isolated in other geographic regions. They are also of clonal origin in spite of the different serovars and plasmid profiles registered for these strains. Positive correlation has been found between serovar and plasmid profile characteristics of the strains. The clonal origin of the Tashkent isolates is different from the one of Erevan, Dushanbe and Kiev isolates, the latter having a similar clonal origin.
Asunto(s)
Polimorfismo Genético , Shigella flexneri/genética , Genes Bacterianos , Georgia (República) , Humanos , Kirguistán , Hibridación de Ácido Nucleico , Shigella flexneri/aislamiento & purificación , Tayikistán , UcraniaRESUMEN
The results of radical surgery for rectal cancer performed in 223 cases are presented. Preoperative angiographic examination of the vascular system of terminal part of the large bowel (lower selective pneumopharmacomesentericography) contributed to the selection of optimal surgical procedure in 30 cases. Mortality rate following radical surgery ranged 3.6--14.5% depending on a procedure used and patient's age. Early postoperative complications occurred in 53.4% depending on the type of surgery. Five-year survival was registered in 57.1%. Survival time appeared to be a function of tumor stage, site and the extent of invasion into the rectal wall.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias del Recto/cirugía , Recto/cirugía , Adulto , Anciano , Canal Anal/cirugía , Colostomía , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Complicaciones Posoperatorias , Neoplasias del Recto/mortalidad , Neoplasias del Recto/patología , Reoperación , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
In the article, a new method of diagnosing the extent of the tumor spread in the bronchial wall without involvement of the mucosa (a peripbronchial form of the growth) is described. The method consists of two components - angiography of bronchial arteries with subsequent injection of a staining material in the corresponding bronchial artery and bronchoscopy, by means of which staining of the mucous membrane of the bronchial tree is observed. In case of tumor infiltration of the bronchial wall staining was absent completely or partially. A clinical trial of the method indicated its high efficacy.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico , Adulto , Angiografía , Broncoscopía , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/irrigación sanguínea , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico por imagen , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
The results of 68 combined operations for lung cancer and sarcoma are presented. Postoperative complications occurred in 42.7% and lethality rate was 16.2%. Total survival was 41% at 1 year, 20%--3 years and 9.9% at 5 years. The results of combined surgery proved worse than those of surgical treatment of lung cancer. However, tracheobronchial combined surgery produced better results than vascular-atrial or parietal-diaphragmatic types.
Asunto(s)
Tumor Carcinoide/cirugía , Neoplasias Pulmonares/cirugía , Sarcoma/cirugía , Adulto , Bronquios/cirugía , Tumor Carcinoide/mortalidad , Tumor Carcinoide/patología , Diafragma/cirugía , Atrios Cardíacos/cirugía , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/mortalidad , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Neumonectomía/métodos , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/epidemiología , Arteria Pulmonar/cirugía , Sarcoma/mortalidad , Sarcoma/patología , Tráquea/cirugíaRESUMEN
Seven patients with pseudocysts of the spleen were treated in the clinic of the 2nd chair of surgical diseases of the Riga Medical Institute. The cysts in all of them lacked characteristic signs and were recognized late, when they had grown to a large size. Ultrasonic examination and computerized tomography played the main role in establishing the diagnosis. The pseudocysts of the spleen were treated by surgery. In large cysts splenectomy was the operation of choice, though organ-preserving operations (enucleation of the cyst, resection of the spleen) were suggested.
Asunto(s)
Quistes , Enfermedades del Bazo , Adulto , Quistes/diagnóstico , Quistes/diagnóstico por imagen , Quistes/cirugía , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Esplenectomía , Enfermedades del Bazo/diagnóstico , Enfermedades del Bazo/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedades del Bazo/cirugía , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , UltrasonografíaRESUMEN
A method for creating laser enteric anastomoses was developed in experiments with YAG-neodymium and CO2 lasers. The properties of such anastomoses were studied in detail in the early stages after the operation. The use of serial Soviet-produced laser devices and standard surgical instruments in the experiments makes it possible to introduce the results of the work into clinical practice in the near future.
Asunto(s)
Intestino Delgado/cirugía , Terapia por Láser/métodos , Modelos Biológicos , Aluminio , Anastomosis Quirúrgica/métodos , Animales , Monóxido de Carbono , Terapia por Láser/instrumentación , Minerales , Neodimio , Conejos , Cicatrización de Heridas , ItrioRESUMEN
An analysis of 78 patients with postresection reflux-gastritis after resection of the stomach for ulcer disease of the stomach and duodenum is presented. Of special significance for diagnosis is fiber gastroscopy with aimed biopsy. The conservative treatment was used in 74 patients, little effect was obtained in 19 of them. Four patients were operated on with V-shaped anastomosis after Roux. Results of the operations were good.
Asunto(s)
Reflujo Biliar/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de las Vías Biliares/diagnóstico , Reflujo Duodenogástrico/diagnóstico , Síndromes Posgastrectomía/diagnóstico , Adulto , Anciano , Reflujo Biliar/terapia , Biopsia , Reflujo Duodenogástrico/terapia , Femenino , Tecnología de Fibra Óptica , Determinación de la Acidez Gástrica , Gastritis/diagnóstico , Gastritis/etiología , Gastritis/terapia , Gastroscopía , Humanos , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Síndromes Posgastrectomía/terapiaRESUMEN
In 30 of 242 patients with reflux-esophagitis the stenozing form of reflux-esophagitis was found. Esophagofibroscopy with biopsy of the esophagus mucosa is considered to be of special significance for diagnosis of the stenozing reflux-esophagitis. The treatment of such patients consisted in conservative measures and bougieurage of the esophagus. Later on, 8 patients were subjected to surgery. The anti-reflux operation (Nissen's fundoplicacy) was fulfilled in 7 patients with good results. Plasty of the esophagus was made in 1 patient. Observations continued from 1 to 3 years.
Asunto(s)
Estenosis Esofágica/diagnóstico , Esofagitis Péptica/diagnóstico , Adulto , Anciano , Estenosis Esofágica/cirugía , Esofagitis Péptica/cirugía , Esofagoscopía , Esófago/diagnóstico por imagen , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , RadiografíaRESUMEN
An estimation of functional results of gastrectomy for gastric cancer in 183 patients has been made. Radical operations with the formation of Y-shaped inter-intestinal anastomosis and an artificial food reservoir in the area of the small intestine portion anastomosed with the esophagus were performed in 102 patients. Macroscopic signs of reflux-esophagitis were noted in 2 patients (1.96%), dumping-syndrome in 4 patients (3.9%) and hyperproteinemia in 1 patient (0.98%), i.e. the operations performed gave favourable functional results.
Asunto(s)
Esofagitis Péptica/prevención & control , Esofagoplastia/métodos , Gastrectomía/rehabilitación , Síndromes Posgastrectomía/prevención & control , Neoplasias Gástricas/cirugía , Adulto , Anciano , Anastomosis en-Y de Roux/métodos , Esófago/fisiopatología , Femenino , Gastrectomía/métodos , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
On the basis of an analysis of the surgical treatment of 325 patients with hiatal hernias the authors consider Nissen fundoplication to be the operation of choice in such cases. The operation was performed in 277 patients. Postoperative lethality was 1,2%. Good remote results were obtained in 88% of the patients. Recurrent hernias were noted in 1,8% of cases.
Asunto(s)
Cardias/cirugía , Fundus Gástrico/cirugía , Hernia Diafragmática/cirugía , Hernia Hiatal/cirugía , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Reflujo Gastroesofágico/etiología , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/etiología , Hernia Hiatal/complicaciones , Humanos , Masculino , Métodos , Persona de Mediana Edad , RecurrenciaRESUMEN
Eight patients with abscesses of the spleen were observed. The clinical picture had no special characteristics. Splenomegaly was not a pathognomonic symptom of the spleen abscess. The ultrasonic investigation and computed tomography were the main methods of diagnostics. The timely treatment of the spleen abscesses gives satisfactory results. The operation of choice is thought to be splenectomy.