Self-control is associated with health-relevant disparities in buccal DNA-methylation measures of biological aging in older adults.

Self-control is a personality dimension that is associated with better physical health and a longer lifespan. Here, we examined (1) whether self-control is associated with buccal and saliva DNA-methylation (DNAm) measures of biological aging quantified in children, adolescents, and adults, and (2) whether biological aging measured in buccal DNAm is associated with self-reported health. Following preregistered analyses, we computed two DNAm measures of advanced biological age (principal-component PhenoAge and GrimAge Acceleration) and a DNAm measure of pace of aging (DunedinPACE) in buccal samples from the German Socioeconomic Panel Study (SOEP-G[ene], n = 1058, age range 0-72, Mage = 42.65) and saliva samples from the Texas Twin Project (TTP, n = 1327, age range 8-20, Mage = 13.50). We found that lower self-control was associated with advanced biological age in older adults (PhenoAge Acceleration ß = - .34, [- .51, - .17], p < .001; GrimAge Acceleration ß = - .34, [- .49, - .19], p < .001), but not young adults, adolescents or children. These associations remained statistically robust even after correcting for possible confounders such as socioeconomic contexts, BMI, or genetic correlates of low self-control. Moreover, a faster pace of aging and advanced biological age measured in buccal DNAm were associated with self-reported disease (PhenoAge Acceleration: ß = .13 [.06, .19], p < .001; GrimAge Acceleration: ß = .19 [.12, .26], p < .001; DunedinPACE: ß = .09 [.02, .17], p = .01). However, effect sizes were weaker than observations in blood, suggesting that customization of DNAm aging measures to buccal and saliva tissues may be necessary. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that self-control is associated with health via pathways that accelerate biological aging in older adults.

Self-control is associated with health-relevant disparities in buccal DNA-methylation measures of biological aging in older adults.

Self-control is a personality dimension that is associated with better physical health and a longer lifespan. Here we examined (1) whether self-control is associated with buccal and saliva DNA-methylation (DNAm) measures of biological aging quantified in children, adolescents, and adults, and (2) whether biological aging measured in buccal DNAm is associated with self-reported health. Following preregistered analyses, we computed two DNAm measures of advanced biological age (PhenoAge and GrimAge Acceleration) and a DNAm measure of pace of aging (DunedinPACE) in buccal samples from the German Socioeconomic Panel Study (SOEP-G[ene], n = 1058, age range 0-72, Mage = 42.65) and saliva samples from the Texas Twin Project (TTP, n = 1327, age range 8-20, Mage = 13.50). We found that lower self-control was associated with advanced biological age in older adults (ß =-.34), but not young adults, adolescents or children. This association was not accounted for by statistical correction for socioeconomic contexts, BMI, or genetic correlates of low self-control. Moreover, a faster pace of aging and advanced biological age measured in buccal DNAm were associated with worse self-reported health (ß =.13 to ß = .19). But, effect sizes were weaker than observations in blood, thus customization of DNAm aging measures to buccal and saliva tissues may be necessary. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that self-control is associated with health via pathways that accelerate biological aging in older adults.

[Protease activity and the level of antibodies to connective tissue elements in various lung diseases]. / Aktivnost' proteaz i uroven' antitel k soedinitel'notkannym élementam pri nekotorykh zabolevaniiakh legkikh.

Altogether 274 patients with different pulmonary diseases were examined for the activity of trypsin and elastase of the blood and the level of their inhibitors. The concentration of antibodies to collagen and elastin was also measured. In acute chronic pneumonia or exacerbation, the activity of the enzymes increased, the concentration of antibodies to collagen and elastin rose. In acute pneumonia, the titer of antibodies to collagen and elastin persisted for 1-1.5 months, in CNPD and tuberculosis for 4-8 months.

[The diagnostic importance of determining tuberculosis antibodies by immunoenzyme analysis in exudative pleurisy]. / Diagnosticheskoe znachenie opredeleniia protivotuberkuleznykh antitel metodom immunofermentnogo analiza pri ékssudativnom plevrite.

High diagnostic value of EIA detection of antituberculous antibodies in recognition of tuberculous pleurisy was established after examination of 58 patients with pleural exudate of different origin (tuberculous, tumor, nonspecific). Tuberculous pleurisy was diagnosed using sonicate M. tuberculosis as the antigen. It is important to determine antituberculous antibodies simultaneously in blood serum and exudate because in such a way it becomes possible to raise the test specificity to 100% in high sensitivity (94.7%).

[Prospects of etiological diagnosis of bronchitis]. / Vozmozhnosti etiologicheskoi diagnostiki bronchita.

Serum antibodies to soft tissue elements, levels of elastase, trypsin, trypsin inhibitor, alpha(2)-macroglobulin were measured to make a differential diagnosis of dust with nonoccupational bronchitis. For dust and nondust bronchitis titers of antibodies to collagen and elastin were different, serum enzymatic activity changed as a result of reduced concentration of trypsin and high elastase in dust bronchitis patients. Using the above results facilitates etiological diagnosis of bronchitis in workers exposed to dust by immunological methods as well as expertise of occupational bronchopulmonary pathology.

[Influence of environmental factors on the epidemiology of tuberculosis in the Astrakhan region]. / Vliianie ékologicheskikh faktorov na épidemiologiiu tuberkuleza v Astrakhanskoi oblasti.

The epidemiology of tuberculosis in the Astrakhan Region depends on many causes among which environmental factors do not take last places; a significant positive correlation with which was observed in 41.5 and 52% cases in the rural areas of the Astrakhan Region and in Astrakhan, respectively. The proportion of environmental factors among the causes in noticeably higher in destructive pulmonary tuberculosis, in chronic destructive forms in particular, and in first detected bacillary patients.

[Goiter with multiple recurrences]. / Mnogokratnyi retsidivnyi zob

An analysis of treatment of 38 patients with multiple recurrences has demonstrated that these are caused by various factors, a combination of several causes and predisposing factors being noted in the majority of patients. Most frequently, multiple recurrences develop in persons operated upon in young age. The clinic of multiply recurrent goiter is characterized by a great variety, and its diagnosis should be established basing on the complex investigation, using all up-to-date methods of study. A predominance of nodular forms of goiter in patients with multiple reocurrences and their frequent malignant transformation necessitate active surgical tactics.

[Rheoencephalography and the study of the pulsation of the cervical vascular network in the diagnosis of goiter and neck and mediastinal tumors]. / Reoéntsefalografiia i issledovanie pul'satsii sheinogo sosudistogo puchka v diagnostike zoba, opukholei shei i sredosteniia.

The authors have applied rheography of the brain and sphygmography of the vessels of the neck and mediastinum for the diagnosis of compression of the neck vessels and organs in goiter and tumors of retrosternal and deep cervical localization. The methods allow to recognize stenosing of the vessels in early stages and facilitate the diagnosis of these conditions.

[Improving the ambulatory surgical services on the basis of the work experience of the Center of Ambulatory Surgery]. / Sovershenstvovanie ambulatornoi khirurgicheskoi pomoshchi po opytu raboty Tsentra ambulatornoi khirurgii.

Centers of ambulatory surgery made on the basis of large city polyclinics and regional medical formations are considered to be a perspective and economically effective form of perestroika of the ambulatory surgical aid to people. Specificity of the operative procedures performed at the Center and specific features of postoperative management of the patients should be taken into consideration, and the staff of such units must consist of highly trained surgeons of wide type. The ambulatory surgery Center must occupy its place in the system of dispensary examinations of the population.

[Ambulatory surgery in St. Petersburg]. / Ambulatornaia khirurgiia v Sankt-Peterburg.

The authors describe preconditions of structural reorganization of the work of medical institutions of the ambulatory-polyclinical link of St. Petersburg in order to improve surgical treatment of the population. Main organizational principles underlying the work of ambulatory surgery centers are shown, results of their activities during the recent years are discussed. The advantages resulting from activities of day-time surgical hospitals are also described.

[The problems in and the means for improving ambulatory surgical care in the Armed Forces]. / Problemy i puti sovershenstvovaniia ambulatornoi khirurgicheskoi pomoshchi v Vooruzhennykh Silakh.

The article presents some conclusions on ambulatory surgery in the Military Medical Academy and Surgery Centers in St. Petersburg resulting in higher efficiency of surgical aid and its availability for military beneficiaries. Organization frames and staffing principles for day-time ambulatory surgery stations.