[Temporal and spatial variation of vegetation net primary productivity and its driving factors in Ningxia, China from 2000 to 2019]. / 2000­2019å¹´å®å¤æ¤è¢«å‡€åˆçº§ç”Ÿäº§åŠ›æ—¶ç©ºå˜åŒ–åŠå ¶é©±åŠ¨å› ç´ .

Ningxia is an important agriculture-pastoral area in China. Research on the temporal and spatial variations of net primary productivity (NPP) in this area and its driving factors would help understand the trends and leading factors of NPP variations, and reveal vegetation restoration status and causes. Based on the NPP data of MODIS, we used Theil-Sen Median trend analysis, correlation analysis, overlay analysis and other methods to analyze the spatiotemporal variations and driving factors of NPP in Ningxia. The results showed that NPP of Ningxia vegetation showed a fluctuating upward trend during 2000-2019, with a linear growth rate of 5.46 g C·m-2·a-1. The NPP presented a spatial characteristics of "two high and two low", with the highest in the southern mountain area, followed by the Yellow River irrigation area, and the lowest in the hilly area of the central arid zone and Helan Mountain. 84.2% of the NPP in the study area was under significant restoration, mainly distributed in the central and southern mountainous and hilly areas. The NPP varied significantly with altitude and was significantly affected by the terrain. NPP center of gravity had generally moved to the south, with the increase and growth rate of NPP of vegetation in the south being greater than that in the north. The annual precipitation in Ningxia had shown an increasing trend, while the average annual temperature had slightly decreased. The NPP was significantly affec-ted by precipitation (R2=0.291), whereas the correlation between mean annual temperature and NPP was weak. 96.9% of the study area was at a state of vegetation restoration, which was promoted by both climate change and human activities.

Reproducibility and accuracy of quantitative assessment of articular cartilage volume measurements with 3.0 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (qMRI) of articular cartilage represents a powerful tool in osteoarthritis research, but has so far been confined to a field strength of 1.5 T. The aim of the study was to determine the reproducibility and accuracy of qMRI assessments of the knee cartilage volume by comparing quantitative swine cartilage volumes of the sagittal (sag) multi echo data imagine combination water-excitation (MEDICwe) sequence and the fast low-angle shoot water-excitation (FLASHwe) sequence at 3.0-T MRI to directly measured volumes (DMV) of the surgically removed articular cartilage.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Test-retest MRI was acquired in 20 swine knees. Two sag FLASHwe sequences and two sag MEDICwe sequences (spatial resolution 0.4 mm × 0.4 mm × 1.0 mm of 3-dimension (3D) were acquired at 3-T MRI in a knee. Articular cartilage volume was calculated from 3D reformations of the MRI by using a manual program. Calculated volumes were compared with DMV of the surgically removed articular cartilage. Knee joint cartilage plates were quantified paired in order.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the knee joint of swine, reproducibility errors (paired analysis) for cartilage volume were 2.5% to 3.2% with sag FLASHwe, and 1.6% to 3.0% with sag MEDICwe. Correlation coefficients between results obtained with qMRI and DMV ranged from 0.90 to 0.98 for cartilage volume. Systematic pairwise difference between results obtained with qMRI and DMV ranged from -1.1% to 2.8%. Random pairwise differences between results obtained with qMRI and DMV ranged from (2.9 ± 2.4)% to (6.8 ± 4.5)%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>FLASHwe and MEDICwe sequences permit highly accurate and reproducible analysis of cartilage volume in the knee joints of swine at 3-T MRI. Cartilage volume reproducibility for the MEDICwe data is slightly higher than the FLASHwe data.</p>

Effects of Kinesio Taping on Muscle Strength of Knees in Female Students / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To investigate the effects of Kinesio taping on function of knees in girls. Methods 20 female students were tested the peak torque of centripedal and eccentric contraction of knee flexion and extension with Biodex isokinetic testing at 60°/s angular velocity, with Kinesio taping, placebo taping and without taping. Their amplitude root of mean square (RMS) of surface electromyography of vastus medialis (VM), rectus femoris (RM) and vastus lateralis (VL) were also recorded. Results For centripedal isokinetic contraction, the relative extensors peak torque was the most as Kinesio taping (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in relative flexor peak torque (P> 0.05). Standardized RMS of VM and VL were the least as Kinesio taping (P<0.01), but not significantly different of RF among all the conditions (P>0.05). For eccentric isokinetic contraction, the relative extensor peak torque of both extensors and flexors were the most as Kinesio taping (P<0.01), while the Standardized RMS of VM and VL were the least (P<0.01), but no significant difference was observed in RF (P> 0.05). Conclusion Kinesio taping may enhance the strength of centripedal, eccentric contractions of quadriceps and eccentric contractions of hamstring, and increase the muscle fibers recruitment of VM and VL.

Fingertip reconstruction using a volar flap based on the transverse palmar branch of the digital artery / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To present a new neurovascular island flap for fingertip reconstruction.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Based on the transverse palmar branch of the digital artery, this flap was designed on the volar side of a digit and reversed to repair the fingertip defects.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>12 fingers in 11 patients were reconstructed using this flap. Of them, 11 flaps survived and one necrosed. The contour of the reconstructed fingers looked well.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This new neurovascular island flap provides excellent padding and sensation for fingertip reconstruction. The technique is simple.</p>

Screening genes of differential expression in BALB/C mice thymus: a pilot study of effect of salmon milt DNA (SMD) on age-related involutions / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect and its mechanism of salmon milt DNA (SMD) on age-related involutions in mouse thymus.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Female BALB/C mice aged 10 months were divided randomly into three groups according to their weights. They were high dosage group (333.33 mg.kg(-1).b.w.d(-1)), low dosage group (166.67 mg.kg(-1).b.w.d(-1)) and control group (0 mg.kg(-1).b.w.d(-1)). After five weeks, their thymus indexes were measured and the thymocytes were counted and the thymus cortex thicknesses were also measured using Image-Pro Plus (version. 4.0) software in the thymus section. All the data were analyzed by SAS statistic software. Microarray technique was applied to screen the gene fragments, which were differentially expressed between the high dosage group and the control group, together with RT-PCR to further confirm some of them.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>No significant differences of the variables including body weight, thymus weight and thymus indexes among the three groups were found. The thymocytes quantities of thymus cortex and medulla in the high dosage group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively). The thymus cortex thicknesses of both SMD supplement groups were significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05 respectively). 112 differently expressed gene fragments were isolated. Furthermore, we found the fragments with the logged number of U23789, X80232 and Aw209102 were highly expressed in the high dosage group when RT-PCR technique was used.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>SMD may reverse the age-related involutions in mouse thymus via up-regulation the expression of proliferation related genes and via up-regulation the expression of development and differentiation related genes simultaneously.</p>

Exercise based on traditional Chinese medicine for patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective To make up an exercise prescription based on traditional Chinese medical training (EP-TCMT) for patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods Eighty-five pa- tients with stable COPD were randomly divided into a control group (CG group),a traditional Chinese medicine group ( TC group) and an exercise prescription group ( EP group).The patients in the TC and EP groups were giv- en intensive training for 8 weeks.Their 6 rain walk distance (6MWD) and Borg scale scores were assessed before and after the treatment.Results The 6MWD in the TC group increased from 337.68?59.18 m to 386.14?76.71 m,while those in the EP group improved from 348.00?55.94 m to 425.17?53.22 m.The Borg scale scores in the TC group decreased from 3.14?1.94 to 2.32?1.25,while those in the EP group declined from 3.45?1.84 to 1.72?0.70.Conclusion Making up EP-TCMTs is feasible.Additional treatment was found to improve exercise tolerance and decrease dyspnea in COPD patients.Exercise therapy based on traditional Chinese methods is easy and safe.

Effects of standardized three-stage rehabilitation treatment on neurological deficit scores and ADL performance of ischemic stroke patients / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective To observe the effects of standardized three stage rehabilitation treatment on the neu- rological deficit scores (NDS) and ADL performance of ischemic stroke patients.Methods A total of 164 ischemic stroke patients were recruited and randomly divided into a rehabilitation group and a control group.The neurological function and ADL performance of the patients were assessed by using NDS and Modified Barthcl Index (MBI) at the admission,at the end of 1st,3rd and 6th months post stroke.Results No significant differences were found be- tween the rehabilitative and the control groups with regard to NDS and MBI at admission.The NDS demonstrated a decreasing tendency,while the MBI score an increasing tendency in both groups.In the control group,significant difference of NDS was found between admission and the end of 1st month as well as between the end of the 1 st and the 3rd months.In rehabilitation group,significant difference was revealed between all the time points with regard to NDS and MBI scores.At the end of the 1st,3rd and 6th months,the MBI scores of the rehabilitation group were signifi- cantly higher than those of the control group,indicating that the ADL performance of those treated with standardized three-stage rehabilitation protocol was improved quicker than those without the protocol.Conclusion Standardized three-stage rehabilitation treatment could improve the neurological function and ADL performance of the ischemic stroke patients.