Predicting lncRNA-disease associations based on combining selective similarity matrix fusion and bidirectional linear neighborhood label propagation.

Recent studies have revealed that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are closely linked to several human diseases, providing new opportunities for their use in detection and therapy. Many graph propagation and similarity fusion approaches can be used for predicting potential lncRNA-disease associations. However, existing similarity fusion approaches suffer from noise and self-similarity loss in the fusion process. To address these problems, a new prediction approach, termed SSMF-BLNP, based on organically combining selective similarity matrix fusion (SSMF) and bidirectional linear neighborhood label propagation (BLNP), is proposed in this paper to predict lncRNA-disease associations. In SSMF, self-similarity networks of lncRNAs and diseases are obtained by selective preprocessing and nonlinear iterative fusion. The fusion process assigns weights to each initial similarity network and introduces a unit matrix that can reduce noise and compensate for the loss of self-similarity. In BLNP, the initial lncRNA-disease associations are employed in both lncRNA and disease directions as label information for linear neighborhood label propagation. The propagation was then performed on the self-similarity network obtained from SSMF to derive the scoring matrix for predicting the relationships between lncRNAs and diseases. Experimental results showed that SSMF-BLNP performed better than seven other state of-the-art approaches. Furthermore, a case study demonstrated up to 100% and 80% accuracy in 10 lncRNAs associated with hepatocellular carcinoma and 10 lncRNAs associated with renal cell carcinoma, respectively. The source code and datasets used in this paper are available at: https://github.com/RuiBingo/SSMF-BLNP.

Evaluation of the role of atherogenic index of plasma in the reversion from Prediabetes to normoglycemia or progression to Diabetes: a multi-center retrospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Atherosclerosis is closely linked with glucose metabolism. We aimed to investigate the role of the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) in the reversal of prediabetes to normal blood glucose levels or its progression to diabetes. METHODS: This multi-center retrospective cohort study included 15,421 prediabetic participants from 32 regions across 11 cities in China, under the aegis of the Rich Healthcare Group's affiliated medical examination institutions. Throughout the follow-up period, we monitored changes in the glycemic status of these participants, including reversal to normal fasting glucose (NFG), persistence in the prediabetic state, or progression to diabetes. Segmented regression, stratified analysis, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) were performed based on the multivariable Cox regression model to evaluate the association between AIP and the reversal of prediabetes to NFG or progression to diabetes. RESULTS: During a median follow-up period of 2.9 years, we recorded 6,481 individuals (42.03%) reverting from prediabetes to NFG, and 2,424 individuals (15.72%) progressing to diabetes. After adjusting for confounders, AIP showed a positive correlation with the progression from prediabetes to diabetes [(Hazard ratio (HR) 1.42, 95% confidence interval (CI):1.24-1.64)] and a negative correlation with the reversion from prediabetes to NFG (HR 0.89, 95%CI:0.81-0.98); further RCS demonstrated a nonlinear relationship between AIP and the reversion from prediabetes to NFG/progression to diabetes, identifying a turning point of 0.04 for reversion to NFG and 0.17 for progression to diabetes. In addition, we observed significant differences in the association between AIP and reversion from prediabetes to NFG/progression to diabetes across age subgroups, specifically indicating that the risk associated with AIP for progression from prediabetes to diabetes was relatively higher in younger populations; likewise, a younger age within the adult group favored the reversion from prediabetes to NFG in relation to AIP. CONCLUSION: Our study, for the first time, reveals a negative correlation between AIP and the reversion from prediabetes to normoglycemia and validates the crucial role of AIP in the risk assessment of prediabetes progression. Based on threshold analysis, therapeutically, keeping the AIP below 0.04 was of paramount importance for individuals with prediabetes aiming for reversion to NFG; preventatively, maintaining AIP below 0.17 was vital to reduce the risk of diabetes onset for those with prediabetes.

Exposure of cumulative atherogenic index of plasma and the development of prediabetes in middle-aged and elderly individuals: evidence from the CHARLS cohort study.

BACKGROUND: The impact of dynamic changes in the degree of atherosclerosis on the development of prediabetes remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the association between cumulative atherogenic index of plasma (CumAIP) exposure during follow-up and the development of prediabetes in middle-aged and elderly individuals. METHODS: A total of 2,939 prediabetic participants from the first wave of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were included. The outcomes for these patients, including progression to diabetes and regression to normal fasting glucose (NFG), were determined using data from the third wave. CumAIP was calculated as the ratio of the average AIP values measured during the first and third waves to the total exposure duration. The association between CumAIP and the development of prediabetes was analyzed using multivariable Cox regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression. RESULTS: During a median follow-up period of 3 years, 15.21% of prediabetic patients progressed to diabetes, and 22.12% regressed to NFG. Among the groups categorized by CumAIP quartiles, the proportion of prediabetes progressing to diabetes gradually increased (Q1: 10.61%, Q2: 13.62%, Q3: 15.65%, Q4: 20.95%), while the proportion regressing to NFG gradually decreased (Q1: 23.54%, Q2: 23.71%, Q3: 22.18%, Q4: 19.05%). Multivariable-adjusted Cox regression showed a significant positive linear correlation between high CumAIP exposure and prediabetes progression, and a significant negative linear correlation with prediabetes regression. Furthermore, in a stratified analysis, it was found that compared to married individuals, those who were unmarried (including separated, divorced, widowed, or never married) had a relatively higher risk of CumAIP-related diabetes. CONCLUSION: CumAIP is closely associated with the development of prediabetes. High CumAIP exposure not only increases the risk of prediabetes progression but also hinders its regression within a certain range. These findings suggest that monitoring and maintaining appropriate AIP levels may help prevent the deterioration of blood glucose levels.

A vector projection similarity-based method for miRNA-disease association prediction.

[S U M M A R Y] Many miRNA-disease association prediction models incorporate Gaussian interaction profile kernel similarity (GIPS). However, the GIPS fails to consider the specificity of the miRNA-disease association matrix, where matrix elements with a value of 0 represent miRNA and disease relationships that have not been discovered yet. To address this issue and better account for the impact of known and unknown miRNA-disease associations on similarity, we propose a method called vector projection similarity-based method for miRNA-disease association prediction (VPSMDA). In VPSMDA, we introduce three projection rules and combined with logistic functions for the miRNA-disease association matrix and propose a vector projection similarity measure for miRNAs and diseases. By integrating the vector projection similarity matrix with the original one, we obtain the improved miRNA and disease similarity matrix. Additionally, we construct a weight matrix using different numbers of neighbors to reduce the noise in the similarity matrix. In performance evaluation, both LOOCV and 5-fold CV experiments demonstrate that VPSMDA outperforms seven other state-of-the-art methods in AUC. Furthermore, in a case study, VPSMDA successfully predicted 10, 9, and 10 out of the top 10 associations for three important human diseases, respectively, and these predictions were confirmed by recent biomedical resources.

4 mC site recognition algorithm based on pruned pre-trained DNABert-Pruning model and fused artificial feature encoding.

DNA 4 mC plays a crucial role in the genetic expression process of organisms. However, existing deep learning algorithms have shortcomings in the ability to represent DNA sequence features. In this paper, we propose a 4 mC site identification algorithm, DNABert-4mC, based on a fusion of the pruned pre-training DNABert-Pruning model and artificial feature encoding to identify 4 mC sites. The algorithm prunes and compresses the DNABert model, resulting in the pruned pre-training model DNABert-Pruning. This model reduces the number of parameters and removes redundancy from output features, yielding more precise feature representations while upholding accuracy.Simultaneously, the algorithm constructs an artificial feature encoding module to assist the DNABert-Pruning model in feature representation, effectively supplementing the information that is missing from the pre-trained features. The algorithm also introduces the AFF-4mC fusion strategy, which combines artificial feature encoding with the DNABert-Pruning model, to improve the feature representation capability of DNA sequences in multi-semantic spaces and better extract 4 mC sites and the distribution of nucleotide importance within the sequence. In experiments on six independent test sets, the DNABert-4mC algorithm achieved an average AUC value of 93.81%, outperforming seven other advanced algorithms with improvements of 2.05%, 5.02%, 11.32%, 5.90%, 12.02%, 2.42% and 2.34%, respectively.

Sex-specific associations between haemoglobin glycation index and the risk of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in individuals with pre-diabetes and diabetes: A large prospective cohort study.

AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the haemoglobin glycation index (HGI), and cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality in adults with pre-diabetes and diabetes. METHODS: This study included 10 267 adults with pre-diabetes and diabetes from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2018. Sex-differentiated relationships between HGI and mortality were elucidated using multivariate Cox proportional hazards models, restricted cubic splines and a two-piecewise Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS: During the median follow-up time of 103.5 months, a total of 535 CVD deaths and 1918 all-cause deaths were recorded. After multivariate adjustment, in males with pre-diabetes and diabetes, there was a U-shaped relationship between HGI and CVD mortality and all-cause mortality, with threshold points of -0.68 and -0.63, respectively. Before the threshold point, HGI was negatively associated with CVD mortality [hazard ratio (HR) 0.60; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.41, 0.89] and all-cause mortality (HR 0.56; 95% CI 0.43, 0.74), and after the threshold point, HGI was positively associated with CVD mortality (HR 1.46; 95% CI 1.23, 1.73) and all-cause mortality (HR 1.40; 95% CI 1.23, 1.59). In contrast, HGI had an L-shaped relationship with all-cause mortality and no significant association with CVD mortality in females. To the left of the threshold points, the risk of all-cause mortality decreased (HR 0.50; 95% CI 0.35, 0.71) progressively with increasing HGI. CONCLUSIONS: In the cohort study, HGI in pre-diabetic and diabetic populations was found to have a U-shaped association with CVD mortality and all-cause mortality in males and an L-shaped association with all-cause mortality only in females. Further prospective and mechanistic studies are warranted.

HPTRMF: Collaborative Matrix Factorization-Based Prediction Method for LncRNA-Disease Associations Using High-Order Perturbation and Flexible Trifactor Regularization.

Existing matrix factorization methods face challenges, including the cold start problem and global nonlinear data loss during similarity learning, particularly in predicting associations between long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs) and diseases. To overcome these issues, we introduce HPTRMF, a matrix factorization approach incorporating high-order perturbation and flexible trifactor regularization. HPTRMF constructs a high-order correlation matrix utilizing the known association matrix, leveraging high-order perturbation to effectively address the cold start problem caused by data sparsity. Additionally, HPTRMF incorporates a flexible trifactor regularization term to capture similarity information on LncRNAs and diseases, enabling the effective handling of global nonlinear data loss by capturing such data in the similarity matrix. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of HPTRMF over nine state-of-the-art algorithms in Leave-One-Out Cross-Validation (LOOCV) and Five-Fold Cross-Validation (5-Fold CV) on three data sets.HPTRMF and data sets are available in https://github.com/Llvvvv/HPTRMF.

Prognostic value of geriatric nutritional risk index in patients with stable coronary artery disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.

BACKGROUND: Malnutrition increases the risk of poor prognosis in patients with cardiovascular disease, and our current research was designed to assess the predictive performance of the Geriatric Nutrition Risk Index (GNRI) for the occurrence of poor prognosis after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) and to explore possible thresholds for nutritional intervention. METHODS: This study retrospectively enrolled newly diagnosed SCAD patients treated with elective PCI from 2014 to 2017 at Shinonoi General Hospital, with all-cause death as the main follow-up endpoint. Cox regression analysis and restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression analysis were used to explore the association of GNRI with all-cause death risk and its shape. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis and piecewise linear regression analysis were used to evaluate the predictive performance of GNRI level at admission on all-cause death in SCAD patients after PCI and to explore possible nutritional intervention threshold points. RESULTS: The incidence of all-cause death was 40.47/1000 person-years after a mean follow-up of 2.18 years for 204 subjects. Kaplan-Meier curves revealed that subjects at risk of malnutrition had a higher all-cause death risk. In multivariate Cox regression analysis, each unit increase in GNRI reduced the all-cause death risk by 14% (HR 0.86, 95% CI 0.77, 0.95), and subjects in the GNRI > 98 group had a significantly lower risk of death compared to those in the GNRI < 98 group (HR 0.04, 95% CI 0.00, 0.89). ROC analysis showed that the baseline GNRI had a very high predictive performance for all-cause death (AUC = 0.8844), and the predictive threshold was 98.62; additionally, in the RCS regression analysis and piecewise linear regression analysis we found that the threshold point for the GNRI-related all-cause death risk was 98.28 and the risk will be significantly reduced when the subjects' baseline GNRI was greater than 98.28. CONCLUSIONS: GNRI level at admission was an independent predictor of all-cause death in SCAD patients after PCI, and GNRI equal to 98.28 may be a useful threshold for nutritional intervention in SCAD patients treated with PCI.

The Clínica Universidad de Navarra-Body Adiposity Estimator index is a reliable tool for screening metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: an analysis from a gender perspective.

BACKGROUND: The Clínica Universidad de Navarra-Body Adiposity Estimator (CUN-BAE) Index, serves as an effective tool for evaluating body fat (BF) levels. This research seeks to clarify the association between the CUN-BAE Index and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) from a gender perspective. METHODS: The study utilized data from a comprehensive health assessment initiative known as "Human Dock", involving 14,251 participants. MASLD was diagnosed using abdominal ultrasound, primarily evaluated based on the following sonographic features: hepatorenal echo contrast, vascular blurring, deep attenuation, liver brightness. First, we evaluated the association of MASLD with the CUN-BAE Index using multivariate logistic regression. Second, we visualized this association and estimated potential threshold effect points using the restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression model. Ultimately, we evaluated the ability of the CUN-BAE Index to detect MASLD through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. RESULTS: The female-to-male ratio was 1:1.08, with a MASLD prevalence rate of 17.59%. Following the adjustment for confounding variables, an increase of one unit in the CUN-BAE Index corresponded to a 14% increase in the risk of MASLD for males and an 18% increase for females. RCS analysis revealed an S-shaped relationship between MASLD prevalence and the CUN-BAE Index for both genders, with potential threshold effect points at approximately 30 in females and 15 in males. Beyond these threshold points, the prevalence of MASLD increased rapidly. Further subgroup analyses indicated significant differences in the relationship of the CUN-BAE Index with MASLD within age and body mass index (BMI) subgroups in females, with a stronger association observed in younger and non-obese female participants. Additionally, ROC analysis revealed that the CUN-BAE Index possesses a strong ability to distinguish MASLD in both genders, especially in females. CONCLUSIONS: This research is the first to identify a positive relationship between the CUN-BAE Index and MASLD. The CUN-BAE Index appears to be more suitable for early screening of MASLD in females.

Lipid metabolism, BMI and the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the general population: evidence from a mediation analysis.

BACKGROUND: Body mass index (BMI) and lipid parameters are the most commonly used anthropometric parameters and biomarkers for assessing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) risk. This study aimed to assess and quantify the mediating role of traditional and non-traditional lipid parameters on the association between BMI and NAFLD. METHOD: Using data from 14,251 subjects from the NAGALA (NAfld in the Gifu Area, Longitudinal Analysis) study, mediation analyses were performed to explore the roles of traditional [total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)] and non-traditional [non-HDL-C, remnant cholesterol (RC), TC/HDL-C ratio, LDL-C/HDL-C ratio, TG/HDL-C ratio, non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratio, and RC/HDL-C ratio] lipid parameters in the association of BMI with NAFLD and quantify the mediation effect of these lipid parameters on the association of BMI with NAFLD using the percentage of mediation. RESULT: After fully adjusting for confounders, multivariate regression analysis showed that both BMI and lipid parameters were associated with NAFLD (All P-value < 0.001). Mediation analysis showed that both traditional and non-traditional lipid parameters mediated the association between BMI and NAFLD (All P-value of proportion mediate < 0.001), among which non-traditional lipid parameters such as RC, RC/HDL-C ratio, non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratio, and TC/HDL-C ratio accounted for a relatively large proportion, 11.4%, 10.8%, 10.2%, and 10.2%, respectively. Further stratified analysis according to sex, age, and BMI showed that this mediation effect only existed in normal-weight (18.5 kg/m2 ≤ BMI < 25 kg/m2) people and young and middle-aged (30-59 years old) people; moreover, the mediation effects of all lipid parameters except TC accounted for a higher proportion in women than in men. CONCLUSION: The new findings of this study showed that all lipid parameters were involved in and mediated the risk of BMI-related NAFLD, and the contribution of non-traditional lipid parameters to the mediation effect of this association was higher than that of traditional lipid parameters, especially RC, RC/HDL-C ratio, non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratio, and TC/HDL-C ratio. Based on these results, we suggest that we should focus on monitoring non-traditional lipid parameters, especially RC and RC/HDL-C ratio, when BMI intervention is needed in the process of preventing or treating NAFLD.

Assessing temporal differences in the predictive power of baseline TyG-related parameters for future diabetes: an analysis using time-dependent receiver operating characteristics.

BACKGROUND: It is known that measuring the triglyceride glucose (TyG) index and TyG-related parameters [triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI), triglyceride glucose-waist circumference (TyG-WC), and triglyceride glucose-waist to height ratio (TyG-WHtR)] can predict diabetes; this study aimed to compare the predictive value of the baseline TyG index and TyG-related parameters for the onset of diabetes at different future periods. METHODS: We conducted a longitudinal cohort study involving 15,464 Japanese people who had undergone health physical examinations. The subject's TyG index and TyG-related parameters were measured at the first physical examination, and diabetes was defined according to the American Diabetes Association criteria. Multivariate Cox regression models and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to examine and compare the risk assessment/predictive value of the TyG index and TyG-related parameters for the onset of diabetes in different future periods. RESULTS: The mean follow-up period of the current study cohort was 6.13 years, with a maximum of 13 years, and the incidence density of diabetes was 39.88/10,000 person-years. In multivariate Cox regression models with standardized hazard ratios (HRs), we found that both the TyG index and TyG-related parameters were significantly and positively associated with diabetes risk and that the TyG-related parameters were stronger in assessing diabetes risk than the TyG index, with TyG-WC being the best parameter (HR per SD increase: 1.70, 95% CI 1.46, 1.97). In addition, TyG-WC also showed the highest predictive accuracy in time-dependent ROC analysis for diabetes occurring in the short-term (2-6 years), while TyG-WHtR had the highest predictive accuracy and the most stable predictive threshold for predicting the onset of diabetes in the medium- to long-term (6-12 years). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the TyG index combined with BMI, WC, and WHtR can further improve its ability to assess/predict the risk of diabetes in different future periods, where TyG-WC was not only the best parameter for assessing diabetes risk but also the best risk marker for predicting future diabetes in the short-term, while TyG-WHtR may be more suitable for predicting future diabetes in the medium- to long-term.

LUNCRW: Prediction of potential lncRNA-disease associations based on unbalanced neighborhood constraint random walk.

Accumulating evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are associated with various complex human diseases. They can serve as disease biomarkers and hold considerable promise for the prevention and treatment of various diseases. The traditional random walk algorithms generally exclude the effect of non-neighboring nodes on random walking. In order to overcome the issue, the neighborhood constraint (NC) approach is proposed in this study for regulating the direction of the random walk by computing the effects of both neighboring nodes and non-neighboring nodes. Then the association matrix is updated by matrix multiplication for minimizing the effect of the false negative data. The heterogeneous lncRNA-disease network is finally analyzed using an unbalanced random walk method for predicting the potential lncRNA-disease associations. The LUNCRW model is therefore developed for predicting potential lncRNA-disease associations. The area under the curve (AUC) values of the LUNCRW model in leave-one-out cross-validation and five-fold cross-validation were 0.951 and 0.9486 ± 0.0011, respectively. Data from published case studies on three diseases, including squamous cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and renal cell carcinoma, confirmed the predictive potential of the LUNCRW model. Altogether, the findings indicated that the performance of the LUNCRW method is superior to that of existing methods in predicting potential lncRNA-disease associations.

HBRWRLDA: predicting potential lncRNA-disease associations based on hypergraph bi-random walk with restart.

Accumulating evidence indicates that the regulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is closely related to a variety of diseases. Identifying meaningful lncRNA-disease associations will help to contribute to the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying these diseases. However, only a limited number of associations between lncRNAs and diseases have been inferred from traditional biological experiments due to the high cost and highly specialized. Therefore, computational methods are increasingly used to reduce time of biological experiments and complement biological research. In this paper, a computational method called HBRWRLDA is proposed to predict lncRNA-disease associations. First, HBRWRLDA models the relationships between multiple nodes using hypergraphs, which allows HBRWRLDA to integrate the expression similarity of lncRNAs and the semantic similarity of diseases to construct hypergraphs. Then, a bi-random walk on hypergraphs is used to predict potential lncRNA-disease associations. HBRWRLDA achieves a higher area under the curve value of 0.9551 and [Formula: see text], respectively, compared with the other five advanced methods under the framework of one-leave cross validation (LOOCV) and five-fold cross-validation (5-fold CV). In addition, the prediction effect of HBRWRLDA was confirmed case studies of three diseases: renal cell carcinoma, gastric cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Case studies demonstrates the capacity of HBRWRLDA to identify potentially disease-associated lncRNAs. Overall, HBRWRLDA is excellent at predicting potential lncRNA-disease associations and could be useful in conducting further biological experiments by helping researchers identify candidates of lncRNA-disease association.

DRPADC: A novel drug repositioning algorithm predicting adaptive drugs for COVID-19.

Given that the usual process of developing a new vaccine or drug for COVID-19 demands significant time and funds, drug repositioning has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy. We propose a method named DRPADC to predict novel drug-disease associations effectively from the original sparse drug-disease association adjacency matrix. Specifically, DRPADC processes the original association matrix with the WKNKN algorithm to reduce its sparsity. Furthermore, multiple types of similarity information are fused by a CKA-MKL algorithm. Finally, a compressed sensing algorithm is used to predict the potential drug-disease (virus) association scores. Experimental results show that DRPADC has superior performance than several competitive methods in terms of AUC values and case studies. DRPADC achieved the AUC value of 0.941, 0.955 and 0.876 in Fdataset, Cdataset and HDVD dataset, respectively. In addition, the conducted case studies of COVID-19 show that DRPADC can predict drug candidates accurately.

RWSF-BLP: a novel lncRNA-disease association prediction model using random walk-based multi-similarity fusion and bidirectional label propagation.

An increasing number of studies and experiments have demonstrated that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have a massive impact on various biological processes. Predicting potential associations between lncRNAs and diseases not only can improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of human diseases but also can facilitate the identification of biomarkers for disease diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. However, identifying such associations through experiments is costly and demanding, thereby prompting researchers to develop computational methods to complement these experiments. In this paper, we constructed a novel model called RWSF-BLP (a novel lncRNA-disease association prediction model using Random Walk-based multi-Similarity Fusion and Bidirectional Label Propagation), which applies an efficient random walk-based multi-similarity fusion (RWSF) method to fuse different similarity matrices and utilizes bidirectional label propagation to predict potential lncRNA-disease associations. Leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) and 5-fold cross-validation (5-fold-CV) were implemented in the evaluation RWSF-BLP performance. Results showed that, RWSF-BLP has reliable AUCs of 0.9086 and 0.9115 ± 0.0044 under the framework of LOOCV and 5-fold-CV and outperformed other four canonical methods. Case studies on lung cancer and leukemia demonstrated that potential lncRNA-disease associations can be predicted through our method. Therefore, our method can accurately infer potential lncRNA-disease associations and may be a good choice in future biomedical research.

Usefulness of the triglyceride glucose-body mass index in evaluating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: insights from a general population.

BACKGROUND: Triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI) is a recently developed alternative indicator to identify insulin resistance. However, few studies have investigated the association between the TyG-BMI and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Therefore, this study aimed to study the relationship between NAFLD and the TyG-BMI in the general population and its predictive value. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 14,251 general subjects who took part in a comprehensive health examination. The anthropological characteristics and many risk factors for NAFLD were measured. RESULTS: After fully adjusting for confounding variables, a stable positive correlation was found between NAFLD and the TyG-BMI (OR: 3.90 per SD increase; 95% CI: 3.54 to 4.29; P-trend< 0.00001). This positive correlation was not simply linear but a stable non-linear correlation. Additionally, obvious threshold effects and saturation effects were found, in which a threshold effect occurred when the TyG-BMI was between 100 and 150; when the TyG-BMI was between 300 and 400, the corresponding NAFLD risk appeared saturated. Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that the TyG-BMI could better predict the risk of NAFLD than other traditional indicators [TyG-BMI (AUC): 0.886; 95% CI: 0.8797-0.8927; P < 0.0001], particularly among young and middle-aged and non-obese people. CONCLUSIONS: This epidemiological study is the first on the association between the TyG-BMI and NAFLD risk in the general population. In this large data set from the general population, the TyG-BMI showed an independent positive correlation with NAFLD. The discovery of the threshold effect and saturation effect between them provides a new idea to prevent and treat NAFLD.

Association of remnant cholesterol with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a general population-based study.

BACKGROUND: Remnant cholesterol (RC) mediates the progression of coronary artery disease, diabetic complications, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease. Limited information is available on the association of RC with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study aimed to explore whether RC can be used to independently evaluate the risk of NAFLD in the general population and to analyze the predictive value of RC for NAFLD. METHODS: The study included 14,251 subjects enrolled in a health screening program. NAFLD was diagnosed by ultrasound, and the association of RC with NAFLD was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and logistic regression equation. RESULTS: Subjects with elevated RC had a significantly higher risk of developing NAFLD after fully adjusting for potential confounding factors (OR 1.77 per SD increase, 95% CI 1.64-1.91, P trend< 0.001). There were significant differences in this association among sex, BMI and age stratification. Compared with men, women were facing a higher risk of RC-related NAFLD. Compared with people with normal BMI, overweight and obesity, the risk of RC-related NAFLD was higher in thin people. In different age stratifications, when RC increased, young people had a higher risk of developing NAFLD than other age groups. Additionally, ROC analysis results showed that among all lipid parameters, the AUC of RC was the largest (women: 0.81; men: 0.74), and the best threshold for predicting NAFLD was 0.54 in women and 0.63 in men. CONCLUSIONS: The results obtained from this study indicate that (1) in the general population, RC is independently associated with NAFLD but not with other risk factors. (2) Compared with traditional lipid parameters, RC has a better predictive ability for NAFLD in men.

HAUBRW: Hybrid algorithm and unbalanced bi-random walk for predicting lncRNA-disease associations.

An increasing number of research shows that long non-coding RNA plays a key role in many important biological processes. However, the number of disease-related lncRNAs found by researchers remains relatively small, and experimental identification is time consuming and labor intensive. In this study, we propose a novel method, namely HAUBRW, to predict undiscovered lncRNA-disease associations. First, the hybrid algorithm, which combines the heat spread algorithm and the probability diffusion algorithm, redistributes the resources. Second, unbalanced bi-random walk, is used to infer undiscovered lncRNA disease associations. Seven advanced models, i.e. BRWLDA, DSCMF, RWRlncD, IDLDA, KATZ, Ping's, and Yang's were compared with our method, and simulation results show that the AUC of our method is more perfect than the other models. In addition, case studies have shown that HAUBRW can effectively predict candidate lncRNAs for breast, osteosarcoma and cervical cancer. Therefore, our approach may be a good choice in future biomedical research.

LLCLPLDA: a novel model for predicting lncRNA-disease associations.

Long noncoding RNAs play a significant role in the occurrence of diseases. Thus, studying the relationship prediction between lncRNAs and disease is becoming more popular. Researchers hope to determine effective treatments by revealing the occurrence and development of diseases at the molecular level. However, the traditional biological experimental way to verify the association between lncRNAs and disease is very time-consuming and expensive. Therefore, we developed a method called LLCLPLDA to predict potential lncRNA-disease associations. First, locality-constrained linear coding (LLC) is leveraged to project the features of lncRNAs and diseases to local-constraint features, and then, a label propagation (LP) strategy is used to mix up the initial association matrix and the obtained features of lncRNAs and diseases. To demonstrate the performance of our method, we compared LLCLPLDA with five methods in the leave-one-out cross-validation and fivefold cross-validation scheme, and the experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms the other five methods. Additionally, we conducted case studies on three diseases: cervical cancer, gliomas, and breast cancer. The top five predicted lncRNAs for cervical cancer and gliomas were verified, and four of the five lncRNAs for breast cancer were also confirmed.

WBNPMD: weighted bipartite network projection for microRNA-disease association prediction.

BACKGROUND: Recently, numerous biological experiments have indicated that microRNAs (miRNAs) play critical roles in exploring the pathogenesis of various human diseases. Since traditional experimental methods for miRNA-disease associations detection are costly and time-consuming, it becomes urgent to design efficient and robust computational techniques for identifying undiscovered interactions. METHODS: In this paper, we proposed a computation framework named weighted bipartite network projection for miRNA-disease association prediction (WBNPMD). In this method, transfer weights were constructed by combining the known miRNA and disease similarities, and the initial information was properly configured. Then the two-step bipartite network algorithm was implemented to infer potential miRNA-disease associations. RESULTS: The proposed WBNPMD was applied to the known miRNA-disease association data, and leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) and fivefold cross-validation were implemented to evaluate the performance of WBNPMD. As a result, our method achieved the AUCs of 0.9321 and [Formula: see text] in LOOCV and fivefold cross-validation, and outperformed other four state-of-the-art methods. We also carried out two kinds of case studies on prostate neoplasm, colorectal neoplasm, and lung neoplasm, and most of the top 50 predicted miRNAs were confirmed to have an association with the corresponding diseases based on dbDeMC, miR2Disease, and HMDD V3.0 databases. CONCLUSIONS: The experimental results demonstrate that WBNPMD can accurately infer potential miRNA-disease associations. We anticipated that the proposed WBNPMD could serve as a powerful tool for potential miRNA-disease associations excavation.