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Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is a curative method for various hematological diseases. With the optimization of transplantation technology, the clinical application of allo-HSCT is more and more mature. Post-transplant liver injury is one of the common postoperative complications, which seriously affects the quality of life and long-term survival of patients. The causes of liver injury after allo-HSCT can be divided into non-infectious and infectious factors, which show similar clinical manifestations and different treatment principles. Timely diagnosis of post-transplant liver injury and the identification of the disease cause will be beneficial for early prevention or targeted treatment, thereby improving patients' prognosis. This review focuses on the etiology, clinical features, and treatment options of liver injury after allo-HSCT, aiming to deepen the understanding of hematologists on liver injury after allo-HSCT.
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In recent years， data mining algorithms have been widely employed in scientific research within the field of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. The data mining algorithms are used to effectively handle and analyze the complex data in TCM formulas， providing a rational explanation for the mechanism of action. This method has proven particularly useful in uncovering patterns of compatibility and frequent combinations of herbs in TCM， thereby enhancing the reliability and accuracy of clinical diagnosis， target screening， and the study of new drugs. This paper reviews and analyzes 147 papers on TCM formula research that utilize data mining algorithms. The results indicate that data mining algorithms play a unique advantage in six sub- areas， including the study on the mechanism of action in TCM formula， the dose-efficacy of TCM formulas， the identification of core drugs pairs/groups， mining the relationships among “formulas-drug-symptom”， the discovery of new formulas， and mining the compatibility law. Notably， association rules and clustering algorithms are the most representative.
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Objective To use feature selection and Likert grading method to quantify the data of lung cancer medical records,to construct a deep extreme learning machine model optimized by the sparrow search algorithm,to classify and predict the syndrome types of traditional Chinese medicine medical record data of lung cancer,and to provide scientific and effective research on syndrome type classification of traditional Chinese medicine.means.Methods The medical records of 497 cases diagnosed with lung cancer from January 2015 to December 2021 were collected from the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,and 412 medical records were screened as the research objects.Syndromic factors of different syndromes were summarized by feature selection and feature importance ranking,and the syndrome factors were quantified by Likert grading method.Build a deep extreme learning machine optimized based on the sparrow search algorithm,and train and test the model.Finally,the model built in this paper is compared with other machine learning models according to three evaluation criteria.Results The average classification accuracy of the SSA-DELM model established in this paper was 88.44%,while the average accuracy of the support vector machine and Bayesian network was 83.39%and 84.53%,respectively.The recall rate and F1 value of the SSA-DELM model on the five syndrome types are mostly above 80%,which is also better than other traditional machine learning models.Conclusion The results of the study show that the use of feature selection combined with Likert grading method to quantify the lung cancer medical record data,compared with the 0-1 processing data,can show the characteristics of the data,improve the accuracy of the classification model,SSA-DELM new Compared with other traditional machine learning classification models,the model has better representation learning ability and learning speed.This model not only provides a scientific and technical means for the clinical treatment of lung cancer,but also provides a useful reference for the informatization and intelligent development of TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment.
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OBJECTIVE：To comprehensi vely evaluate the application progress of network pharmacology methods in TCM compound prescription research ，and to provide reference for modernization of TCM compound prescription research. METHODS ： Taking“network pharmacology ”and“TCM compound prescription ”as keywords ，the literatures were retrieved from CNKI ， Wanfang database and VIP during May 2006 to May 2020. Screening literature ，the databases ，analysis platforms ，and software used of the literature were summarized ；on the basis of quantitative analysis ，the application of network pharmacology in the research of traditional Chinese medicine compound were summarized. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS ：There were a total of 761 valid literatures ，among which the number of literatures that could be retrieved in 2019 reached 313. In the modernization research of TCM compound prescription ，network pharmacology methods were mainly usedmechanism ，material basis of pharmacodynamics ， compatibility law ，compound optimization ，and“effect-toxic”network. Commonly used databasesand platforms included traditional chinese medicine information database （TCMSP and TCMID ），therapeutic target database （TTD，OMIM），drug targets and target prediction platform （Drugbank，SwissTargetPrediction，TargetNet，PharmMapper），network pharmacology analysis and prediction software and platform （CytoScape），etc. Network pharmacology method was widely used in the field of TCM compound prescription research ，and provided new ideas and methods for the modernization of TCM compound prescription research. In the future，the related research can be combined with the pharmacokinetic parameters ，the efficacy of active compounds and related basic experiments ，use the weighted method to carry out network pharmacology analysis ，and integrate the information of multiple databases to improve the scientificity of research results.
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Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of P-GEMOX (pegaspargase, gemcitabine and oxaliplatin) as a first-line regimen for the treatment of primary extranasal nasal-type NK/T cell lymphoma (NKTCL).Methods:The clinical manifestations, treatment response and prognosis of 7 patients with primary extranasal nasal-type NKTCL who underwent P-GEMOX chemotherapy as a first-line therapy in Shenzhen People's Hospital from September 2015 to October 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.Results:The median age of 7 patients with primary extranasal nasal-type NKTCL was 41 years old (27-74 years old), which was more commonly found in males (6 cases); the primary and invading extranasal sites included ileocecal, lymph nodes, skin, testis, adrenal gland, central nervous system, etc. The P-GEMOX regimen was used as a first-line therapy, although some patients had a short-term effect, all patients eventually progressed rapidly and died. The overall survival time was 2 weeks to 21 months.Conclusion:The short-term efficacy of P-GEMOX as a first-line therapy for the treatment of primary extranasal nasal-type NKTCL is acceptable, but the long-term efficacy is poor.
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OBJECTIVE：To estab lish“TCM Data Analysis Platform Based on Strategy Pattern ”（TCMDP），and to analyze the medication rules of TCM prescription against primary hepatic carcinoma （PHC），so as to provide reference for TCM prescription screening. METHODS ：According to the idea of strategy pattern ，TCMDP software was developed ，and the frequency statistics，association，clustering，classification and other methods and the different algorithms covered were encapsulated. Effective TCM prescriptions against PHC were collected and screened from 4 tertiary-grade class-A hospitals in Nanchang city and CNKI ， PubMed. A database of prescriptions for PHC （PDOPHC）was established ，and TCM prescriptions in the data base were put into TCMDP. Clustering algorithm modified by CMC-DD ，modified WD-Get Rules algorithm after merging depth and width search and frequency statistics were used to analyze the distribution of prescription syndrome. Taking phlegm-blood stasis syndrome type （TYPHC）as example ，data mining was carried out on drug efficacy category ，four properties ，five flavors and channel tropism ， drug property combination ，key couplet medicines and key drug combination. RESULTS ：A total of 907 TCM prescriptions against PHC were collected ，mainly involving 10 syndrome types ，such as phlegm-blood stasis syndrome ，deficiency of the vital essential and blood stasis syndrome and liver and spleen blood stasis syndrome. TCM related to TYPHC commonly used in pre- scriptions were tonifying deficiency medicine ， phlegm-re- solving medicine ，promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasi s medicine ，etc．Four properties were mostly cold ，warm and calm ；the five flavors were most ly swe et，bitter and pungent ；channel tropism were mostly spleen ，liver，stomach， lung，heart and kidney ；drug combination were mostly warming-sweet-spleen ，warming-pungent-spleen and cold-bitter-liver ，etc.； there were 36 couplet medicines with frequency ≥30 times；there were 31 strong association rules and 8 key drug combinations in the prescriptions. WD-Get Rules results showed that in the TCM prescriptions against PHC ，Atractylodes macrocephala ，Codonopsis pilosula，Poria cocos and Glycyrrhiza uralensis were in the key position. They were often combined with many kinds of drugs ， which were related to the effect of Sijunzi decoction on strengthening Qi and tonifying spleen. CMC-DD results showed that therapy for TYPHC focused on strengthening the spleen and stomach ，replenishing Qi and blood ；and at the same time ，it treated TYPHC with phlegm-blood stasis syndrome from multiple angles ，such as soothing the liver and regulating Qi ，eliminating phlegm ，clearing heat and detoxification ，promoting blood circulation and nourishing Yin. CONCLUSIONS ：Clinical treatment of TYPHC mainly adopts the methods of invigorating the spleen and replenishing Qi ，soothing the liver and regulating Qi ，promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis ，which conforms to the medication principle of “strengthening the body and eliminating pathogenic factors”. The application of TCMDP can realize the data mining and analysis of TCM in multi-level and multi-directional way ， which provides a new and effective way for the mining and research of compatibility rules of TCM prescriptions.
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Through the study on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) data mining methods, the traditional mining model was revealed to have certain limitations. New ways and means should be searched in order to tap the potential, deep level and greater value of TCM knowledge. In view of the situation, advantages of strategy pattern thought for medicine data mining were discussed. And deep research was carried on. New ideas on TCM data mining based on strategy pattern was proposed.
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Objective To provide new information for treatment and prognosis of blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN).Methods Through one case report and literature review of 48 BPDCN cases were reviewed retrospectively.The clinical characteristics,treatment choices and prognosis were analyzed.Results BPDCN patients were mainly elderly males,mostly presented as skin rash and bone marrow infiltration.Immunophenotype was characteristically expressed as CD4,CD56 and CD123.Lymphoid-like regimens could induce higher response rate,lower relapse rate and longer overall survival compared with myeloid-like regimens.Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation may provide long-term survival.At the onset of the disease,The counts of white blood cells (WBC) and blood platelet (Plt) may be correlated with inferior overall survival.Conclusions BPDCN is a disease with distinct clinical characteristics and immunophenotype.Lymphoid-like regimen may be the better treatment of choice,while allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation should be taken into account in the first complete remission for longterm survival.
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Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of pancytopenic acute leukemia(PAL) and hyperleukocytic acute leukemia(HAL). Methods 183 patients with primary AL were analyzed retrospectively and divided into three groups according to patients' hemogram. Results Among these patients, 38 cases(20 8%) were PAL(group A), 42 cases(23 0%) were HAL(group B) and 103 cases(56 3%) were generic type(group C). 23 0% cases of acute myeloid leukemia(AML), 56 3% acute promyelocytic leukemia and 16 9% acute lymphoblastic leukemia( ALL) appeared PAL. The manifestations of group A were mainly milder infiltration of extra-bone marrow, more severe cytopenias. The early mortality, short and long-term effectiveness were similar to those of group C. 23 8% AML, 51 2% acute monoblastic leukemia and 18 6% ALL presented HAL. There were higher tumor burden,obviously infiltration of extra-bone marrow, higher early mortality, more refractory treatment, poorer prognosis in group B as compared with group A or C. Conclusions Pancytopenia or hyperleukocytosis were common manifestations in primary AL. It is important to understand these features of patients' hemogram for diagnosis, treatment and prognosis evaluation of leukemia.
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Objective To comprehend the clinical characteristics and treatment of AIDS patients,and provide the basic information for prompt diagnosis of AIDS cases.Methods To analyze the clinical data of 15 AIDS patients identified by western blot test.Results 80^0% of the AIDS patients acquired HIV through sexual contact,and the common clinical menifestations of them were loss of weight(80^0%),fever(73^3%),pneumonia(66^7%)and diarrhea(26^7%).The duration from emerging clinical symptoms to definitive diagnosis among them was long.The patients were more frequently accompanied by co infection with various pathogens.The efficacy of solely using anti bacterium therapy was usually poor,and all around treatment was effective(66^7%).Conclusion Physicians should be alert of the occurrence of AIDS.Anti HIV antibody should be promptly tested for patients of repeating fever,chronic cough and long term diarrhea.The rapid and correct diagnosis and all around treatment are the key of ameliorating state of an illness.
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Objective To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of long-term application of cyclosporin A(CsA) in patients with severe aplastic anemia(SAA).Methods 39 patients with SAA were treated with CsA and androgen.The efficacy at 3-month,6-month,1-year,2-year treatment was evaluated.Main side effects of CsA were assessed.Results An overall response rate to CsA was 45.5% in the patients with SAA.19.1% of patients showed response to the treatment at 3 months,45.0% at 6 months,56.3% at 1 year,83.3% at 2 years,respectively.The early mortality rate in SAA Ⅰ patients was significantly higher than that in SAA Ⅱ patients(P
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Objective To study P300 wave extraction by a new method. Methods According to the respective characteristics of the brain electrical signal and the signal analysis method, the algorithm by Wavelet Transformation (WT) combined with Independent Component Analysis (ICA), abbreviated to WICA, was applied to P300 wave extraction. Results With WT, the target component of the signal could be strengthened, while the non-target component and the noise were weakened which became weak in multi -channel ICA input signal, and then WICA algorithm could effectively separate strong target component. Conclusion WICA algorithm behaves well in P300 wave extraction.