Machine Learning for Detecting Atrial Fibrillation from ECGs: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia that can result in adverse cardiovascular outcomes but is often difficult to detect. The use of machine learning (ML) algorithms for detecting AF has become increasingly prevalent in recent years. This study aims to systematically evaluate and summarize the overall diagnostic accuracy of the ML algorithms in detecting AF in electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. Methods: The searched databases included PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Google Scholar. The selected studies were subjected to a meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy to synthesize the sensitivity and specificity. Results: A total of 14 studies were included, and the forest plot of the meta-analysis showed that the pooled sensitivity and specificity were 97% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.94-0.99) and 97% (95% CI: 0.95-0.99), respectively. Compared to traditional machine learning (TML) algorithms (sensitivity: 91.5%), deep learning (DL) algorithms (sensitivity: 98.1%) showed superior performance. Using multiple datasets and public datasets alone or in combination demonstrated slightly better performance than using a single dataset and proprietary datasets. Conclusions: ML algorithms are effective for detecting AF from ECGs. DL algorithms, particularly those based on convolutional neural networks (CNN), demonstrate superior performance in AF detection compared to TML algorithms. The integration of ML algorithms can help wearable devices diagnose AF earlier.

Efflux of TolC protein to different antimicrobials can be replaced by other outer membrane proteins with similar ß-barrel structures in extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli.

AIM: As a major efflux pump system in Gram-negative bacteria, AcrAB-TolC plays a key role in the transport of multiple drug substrates and is considered a potential target for the development of novel antimicrobials. Our previous study found that TolC inactivation compromised the resistance to different antimicrobials in porcine extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) strain PPECC042 (WT). This study was designed to investigate the functional substitution of TolC by other outer membrane proteins (OMPs) with similar ß-barrel structures in pumping out different antimicrobials. METHODS AND RESULTS: In this study, we found that over-expression of several OMPs with similar ß-barrel structures, OmpX, OmpC, OmpN, OmpW, and PhoE, in the ΔtolC strain restored the resistance to macrolides, quinolones, or tetracyclines to the level of WT strain. However, the introduction of any one of the five OMPs did not affect the resistance of the strains ΔacrA, ΔacrB, and ΔacrAΔtolC. Further study revealed that the efflux activity was significantly reduced in the ΔtolC strain, but not in the WT strain and the ΔtolC strains over-expressing various OMPs. Additionally, Nile red dye test and ciprofloxacin accumulation test confirmed that the lost efflux activity and drug accumulation in bacterial periplasm by TolC inactivation was restored by the over-expression of each OMP, depending on the presence of genes acrA and acrB. CONCLUSION: All five OMPs can replace the TolC protein to play the efflux role in pumping out the drugs from the periplasm to the extracellular space with the help of proteins AcrA and AcrB.

Tinidazole mouth rinse for the treatment of oral lichen planus: an observational pilot study.

BACKGROUND: Given the limited treatment options available for oral lichen planus (OLP), a study was undertaken to obtain preliminary information on the therapeutic efficacy of tinidazole mouth rinse in patients with OLP. METHODS: A prospective, open-label pilot study was conducted to assess the efficacy of thrice-daily tinidazole mouth rinse for one week in OLP patients (n = 27). Reticulation/erythema/ulceration (REU) scores and visual analog scale (VAS) scores were used to measure lesions at baseline and after one week of treatment. Mucosal samples were collected, and the abundance of Fusobacterium nucleatum was quantified using RT-PCR. Statistical analysis using t-test, Wilcoxon signed rank test and Pearson correlation test. RESULTS: After treatment, VAS scores significantly decreased in both reticular (P = 0.03) and erosive OLP patients (P = 0.003). However, REU scores significantly decreased only in erosive OLP patients (P = 0.002). The relative abundance of Fusobacterium nucleatum on the damaged mucosa surface significantly decreased in all OLP patients (P = 0.01). In erosive OLP patients, the triamcinolone group showed a significantly greater improvement in VAS scores compared to the tinidazole group (P = 0.01). However, there was no statistically significant correlation between the relative abundance of Fusobacterium nucleatum and REU scores in OLP patients (r = 0.0754, P = 0.61). CONCLUSION: Tinidazole mouth rinse showed potential in reducing disease severity in OLP patients and was well-tolerated, suggesting its viability as a local therapeutic option. However, randomized controlled studies are warranted to confirm these preliminary findings.

Function and regulation of RGS family members in solid tumours: a comprehensive review.

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play a key role in regulating the homeostasis of the internal environment and are closely associated with tumour progression as major mediators of cellular signalling. As a diverse and multifunctional group of proteins, the G protein signalling regulator (RGS) family was proven to be involved in the cellular transduction of GPCRs. Growing evidence has revealed dysregulation of RGS proteins as a common phenomenon and highlighted the key roles of these proteins in human cancers. Furthermore, their differential expression may be a potential biomarker for tumour diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. Most importantly, there are few systematic reviews on the functional/mechanistic characteristics and clinical application of RGS family members at present. In this review, we focus on the G-protein signalling regulator (RGS) family, which includes more than 20 family members. We analysed the classification, basic structure, and major functions of the RGS family members. Moreover, we summarize the expression changes of each RGS family member in various human cancers and their important roles in regulating cancer cell proliferation, stem cell maintenance, tumorigenesis and cancer metastasis. On this basis, we outline the molecular signalling pathways in which some RGS family members are involved in tumour progression. Finally, their potential application in the precise diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of different types of cancers and the main possible problems for clinical application at present are discussed. Our review provides a comprehensive understanding of the role and potential mechanisms of RGS in regulating tumour progression. Video Abstract.

Effects of low-level laser therapy on burning pain and quality of life in patients with burning mouth syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a complex chronic pain disorder that significantly impairs patients' quality of life. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) uses infrared or near-infrared light to produce analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and biological stimulation effects. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the effect of LLLT on burning pain, quality of life, and negative emotions in patients with BMS. METHODS: The PubMed, Embase, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched up January 2023 to identify relevant articles. All randomized controlled trials that were published in English and examined the use of LLLT treatment for BMS were included. The methodological quality of the included trials was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate burning pain, quality of life, and negative emotions. Sensitivity, subgroup, and funnel plot analyses were also carried out. RESULTS: Fourteen RCTs involving a total of 550 patients with BMS met the inclusion criteria. The results showed that LLLT (measured by the Visual Analog Scale; SMD: -0.87, 95% CI: -1.29 to -0.45, P < 0.001) was more effective for reducing burning pain than placebo LLLT or clonazepam. LLLT improved quality of life (evaluated by the Oral Health Impact Profile-14; SMD: 0.01, 95% CI: -0.58 to 0.60, P = 0.97) and negative emotions (evaluated by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; SMD: -0.12, 95% CI: -0.54 to 0.30, P = 0.59), but these effects were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: The meta-analysis revealed that LLLT may be an effective therapy for improving burning pain in patients with BMS, and producing a positive influence on quality of life and negative emotions. A long-term course of intervention, a larger sample size, and a multidisciplinary intervention design are urgently needed in future research. TRIAL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022308770.

TIFA promotes colorectal cancer cell proliferation in an RSK- and PRAS40-dependent manner.

Previous studies have reported that TIFA plays different roles in various tumor types. However, the function of TIFA in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. Here, we showed that the expression of TIFA was markedly increased in CRC versus normal tissue, and positively correlated with CRC TNM stages. In agreement, we found that the CRC cell lines show increased TIFA expression levels versus normal control. The knockdown of TIFA inhibited cell proliferation but had no effect on cell apoptosis in vitro or in vivo. Moreover, the ectopic expression of TIFA enhanced cell proliferation ability in vitro and in vivo. In contrast, the expression of mutant TIFA (T9A, oligomerization site mutation; D6, TRAF6 binding site deletion) abolished TIFA-mediated cell proliferation enhancement. Exploration of the underlying mechanism revealed that the protein synthesis-associated kinase RSK and PRAS40 activation were responsible for TIFA-mediated CRC progression. In summary, these findings suggest that TIFA plays a role in mediating CRC progression. This could provide a promising target for CRC therapy.

Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Molecular Regularity Mechanism Underlying Stem Bulblet Formation in Oriental Lily 'Siberia'; Functional Characterization of the LoLOB18 Gene.

The formation of underground stem bulblets in lilies is a complex biological process which is key in their micropropagation. Generally, it involves a stem-to-bulblet transition; however, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. It is important to understand the regulatory mechanism of bulblet formation for the reproductive efficiency of Lilium. In this study, we investigated the regulatory mechanism of underground stem bulblet formation under different conditions regarding the gravity point angle of the stem, i.e., vertical (control), horizontal, and slanting. The horizontal and slanting group displayed better formation of bulblets in terms of quality and quantity compared with the control group. A transcriptome analysis revealed that sucrose and starch were key energy sources for bulblet formation, auxin and cytokinin likely promoted bulblet formation, and gibberellin inhibited bulblet formation. Based on transcriptome analysis, we identified the LoLOB18 gene, a homolog to AtLOB18, which has been proven to be related to embryogenic development. We established the stem bud growth tissue culture system of Lilium and silenced the LoLOb18 gene using the VIGS system. The results showed that the bulblet induction was reduced with down-regulation of LoLOb18, indicating the involvement of LoLOb18 in stem bulblet formation in lilies. Our research lays a solid foundation for further molecular studies on stem bulblet formation of lilies.

Growth Restriction of Rhizoctonia solani via Breakage of Intracellular Organelles Using Crude Extracts of Gallnut and Clove.

Plant diseases reduce crop yield and quality, hampering the development of agriculture. Fungicides, which restrict chemical synthesis in fungi, are the strongest controls for plant diseases. However, the harmful effects on the environment due to continued and uncontrolled utilization of fungicides have become a major challenge in recent years. Plant-sourced fungicides are a class of plant antibacterial substances or compounds that induce plant defenses. They can kill or inhibit the growth of target pathogens efficiently with no or low toxicity, they degrade readily, and do not prompt development of resistance, which has led to their widespread use. In this study, the growth inhibition effect of 24 plant-sourced ethanol extracts on rice sprigs was studied. Ethanol extract of gallnuts and cloves inhibited the growth of bacteria by up to 100%. Indoor toxicity measurement results showed that the gallnut and glove constituents inhibition reached 39.23 µg/mL and 18.82 µg/mL, respectively. Extract treated rice sprigs were dry and wrinkled. Gallnut caused intracellular swelling and breakage of mitochondria, disintegration of nuclei, aggregation of protoplasts, and complete degradation of organelles in hyphae and aggregation of cellular contents. Protection of Rhizoctonia solani viability reached 46.8% for gallnut and 37.88% for clove in water emulsions of 1000 µg/mL gallnut and clove in the presence of 0.1% Tween 80. The protection by gallnut was significantly stronger than that of clove. The data could inform the choice of plant-sourced fungicides for the comprehensive treatment of rice sprig disease. The studied extract effectively protected rice sprigs and could be a suitable alternative to commercially available chemical fungicides. Further optimized field trials are needed to effectively sterilize rice paddies.

Electronic Modulation of Pd-Based Bimetallic Catalysts with Sulfur-Doped Carbon Support for Phenylacetylene Semihydrogenation.

The semihydrogenation of phenylacetylene to styrene represents an important process for optimizing the polystyrene production and also a model reaction for the evaluation of selective hydrogenation catalysts. Although the alloying strategy and surface engineering for noble metal (particularly for Pd) catalysts can effectively inhibit the overhydrogenation of styrene, the selectivity of phenylacetylene semihydrogenation to styrene is generally below 95% near the full conversion. Here, we demonstrate the electronic modulation of Pd-based bimetallic nanocluster catalysts based on the strong metal-support interactions for improving the catalytic selectivity for phenylacetylene semihydrogenation. A series of Pd-M (M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ga) bimetallic nanoclusters of ∼2 nm are immobilized on mesoporous sulfur-doped carbon (meso_S-C) supports, which exhibit a high selectivity of >97% for the semihydrogenation of phenylacetylene to styrene. The strong interaction between metal and the meso_S-C supports enables the modulation of electronic structure of the bimetallic nanoparticles and thus leads to the selectivity enhancement for the phenylacetylene semihydrogenation.

Isolation of an anti-entomopathogenic fungal protein secreted from Pseudomonas aeruginosa BGf-2: An intestinal bacteriam of Blattella germanica (L.).

A bacterial strain (BGf-2) with anti-Beauveria bassiana activity was obtained from the feces of Blattella germanica (L.) and identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa based on biochemical tests and 16S rRNA sequence analysis. An antifungal protein (A0A0H2ZK06) was purified with Sephadex G-100 column and DEAE-sepharose Fast Flowanion exchange from sterile BGf-2 fermentation liquid. Based on MALDI-TOF MS analysis and protein model building, A0A0H2ZK06 showed homology with Pyrrolidone carboxyl peptidases (pcps). Fermentation liquid and antifungal proteins not only reduced the B. bassiana conidial germination rate but also inhibited hyphal growth. A per os test showed that the mortality of cockroaches decreased after treatment with BGf-2 suspension compared with control. We hypothesized that gut microbes with antifungal activity might play an important role in protect cockroaches from pathogenic fungi.

PCSK9 promotes the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines by macrophages to aggravate H/R-induced cardiomyocyte injury via activating NF-κB signalling.

The upregulation of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) was reported to be involved in regulating the levels of inflammatory markers and apoptosis in macrophages. This study aims to investigate the function and regulation of PCSK9 in myocardial ischaemia. The results of our study showed dramatically increased expression of PCSK9 induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) stress rather than by apoptosis in primary murine cardiomyocytes and HL-1 cells. Moreover, PCSK9 promoted H/R-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine release from macrophages, while silencing of PCSK9 inhibited the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1ß. Additionally, PCSK9 facilitated the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines from macrophages under H/R conditions, which decreased cardiomyocyte viability and promoted apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. For the underlying mechanisms, we identified PCSK9-induced NF-κB activation as being involved in the cardiomyocyte apoptosis, which was blocked by the NF-κB inhibitor BAY 11-7082. Collectively, this study provides new insights into the therapeutic possibility of regulating PCSK9 in cardiomyocytes for the treatment of ischaemic cardiomyopathy.

Stimuli-responsive circularly polarized luminescence from an achiral perylenyl dyad.

Stimuli-responsive circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) was successfully achieved through fine-tuning the conformation of a perylenyl dyad by using external stimuli. Monomer CPL was clearly detected from an inherent achiral monochromophore system in a simple perylene-carbazole dyad, and concentration-dependent CPL was observed from 'good solvent', giving an excimer-like CPL emission with a peak maximum at 643 nm. Moreover, the CPL bands depended on the aggregated state, which was identical to the emission changes in the THF-H2O system. It is noteworthy that the perylene-carbazole dyad emitted efficient CPL in thin films even without annealing processes. The specific perylenyl-carbazole structure plays a crucial role in CPL in response to the external environment. This novel molecular design strategy opens up a new perspective for the future development of smart CPL-active organic dyads.

Strepchazolins A and B: Two New Alkaloids from a Marine Streptomyces chartreusis NA02069.

Two new alkaloids, strepchazolins A (1) and B (2), together with a previously reported compound, streptazolin (3), were isolated from a marine actinomycete, Streptomyces chartreusis NA02069, collected in the Coast of Hainan Island, China. The structures of new compounds were determined by extensive NMR, mass spectroscopic and X-ray crystallographic analysis, as well as modified Mosher's method. Compound 1 showed weak anti-Bacillus subtilis activity with the MIC value of 64.0 µM, and weak inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in vitro with IC50 value of 50.6 µM, while its diastereoisomer, Compound 2, is almost inactive.

Comparative analysis of genetic polymorphisms among Monascus strains by ISSR and RAPD markers.

BACKGROUND: The genus Monascus includes several species of fungi valued across Asia for their culinary uses and diverse medicinal properties. In this study, we evaluated the applicability of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers in characterizing the genetic diversity in 41 Monascus strains collected from various regions of Fujian Province, the leading producer of Monascus in China. RESULTS: Seven screened ISSR primers generated 56 polymorphic bands, of which 93.33% were polymorphic. The genetic similarity coefficients (GSC) of the strains ranged from 0.50 to 1.00. Comparative sequence analysis using seven screened RAPD primers amplified a total of 49 polymorphic bands, of which 81.67% were polymorphic; GSC values ranged from 0.62 to 1.00. CONCLUSION: Correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation in genetic distances assessed using above two markers, which indicated they were suitable for Monascus species characterization. ISSR markers were more suitable for the classification and determination of Monascus species, while RAPD markers appear to be preferable for analyzing the differences among strains within the same species. Our study revealed that Monascus possesses rich genetic diversity, and that the genetic relationships among the selected strains were, to a very limited extent, correlated to their geographical variation. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.

Evaluation of compressive damage in concrete using ultrasonic nonlinear coda wave interferometry.

This study investigates the feasibility of nonlinear coda wave interferometry (NCWI) for evaluating compressive damage in concrete, with a particular focus on the interference caused by the compressive stress-induced slow dynamics. Slow dynamics refers to a phenomenon in which the stiffness of concrete immediately decreases after moderate mechanical conditioning and then logarithmically evolves back to its initial value over time. A series of experiments were conducted to validate this concept. The experimental findings indicate that slow dynamics following the unloading of concrete specimen significantly interfere with NCWI testing. The changes in dv/v caused by the slow dynamics are opposite to those induced by the pump wave in NCWI. After the slow dynamics have been eliminated, an evaluation indicator, defined as the efficient nonlinear level αdv/v, demonstrates an excellent correlation with compressive damage. The value of the indicator decreases with increasing compressive stress. Furthermore, the coda wave interferometry (CWI) and direct wave interferometry (DWI) are performed as comparisons. In summary, the feasibility and superiority of NCWI are demonstrated in concrete compressive damage evaluation.

High tensile regenerated cellulose fibers via cyclic freeze-thawing enabled dissolution in phosphoric acid for textile-to-textile recycling of waste cotton fabrics.

Recycling of waste cotton fabrics (WCFs) is a desirable solution to address the problems brought up by fast fashion, but it remains challenging due to inherent limitations in preparing stable and spinnable dopes by dissolving high molecular weight cellulose efficiently and cost effectively. Herein, we show that despite the prevailing concerns of cellulose degradation via glycosidic hydrolysis when dissolved in acids, fast and non-destructive direct dissolution of WCFs in aqueous phosphoric acid (a.q. PA) could be realized using a cyclic freeze-thawing procedure, which combined with subsequent adjustment of degree of polymerization (DP) and degassing yielded stable and spinnable dopes. Regenerated cellulose fibers (RCFs) with favorable tensile strength (414.2 ± 14.3 MPa) and flexibility (15.4 ± 1.5 %) could be obtained by carefully adjusting the coagulation conditions to induce oriented and compact packing of the cellulose chains. The method was shown to be conveniently extended to dissolve reactively dyed WCFs, showing great potential as a cheap and green alternative to heavily explored ionic liquids (ILs) and N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO)-based systems for textile-to-textile recycling of WCFs.

Genetic diversity, clinical uses, and phytochemical and pharmacological properties of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.): an important medicinal plant.

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.), a member of the Asteraceae family, is widely used in traditional herbal medicine. This review summarized agronomic conditions, genetic diversity, clinical application, and phytochemicals and pharmacological properties of safflower. The genetic diversity of the plant is rich. Abundant in secondary metabolites like flavonoids, phenols, alkaloids, polysaccharides, fatty acids, polyacetylene, and other bioactive components, the medicinal plant is effective for treating cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and respiratory diseases. Especially, Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HYSA) has a variety of pharmacological effects. In terms of treatment and prevention of some space sickness in space travel, safflower could be a potential therapeutic agent. Further studies are still required to support the development of safflower in medicine. Our review indicates that safflower is an important medicinal plant and research prospects regarding safflower are very broad and worthy of further investigation.

Unloading and successful treatment with bioresorbable stents during percutaneous coronary intervention: A case report.

BACKGROUND: With the development of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), the number of interventional procedures without implantation, such as bioresorbable stents (BRS) and drug-coated balloons, has increased annually. Metal drug-eluting stent unloading is one of the most common clinical complications. Comparatively, BRS detachment is more concealed and harmful, but has yet to be reported in clinical research. In this study, we report a case of BRS unloading and successful rescue. CASE SUMMARY: This is a case of a 59-year-old male with the following medical history: "Type 2 diabetes mellitus" for 2 years, maintained with metformin extended-release tablets, 1 g PO BID; "hypertension" for 20 years, with long-term use of metoprolol sustained-release tablets, 47.5 mg PO QD; "hyperlipidemia" for 20 years, without regular medication. He was admitted to the emergency department of our hospital due to intermittent chest pain lasting 18 hours, on February 20, 2022 at 15: 35. Electrocardiogram results showed sinus rhythm, ST-segment elevation in leads I and avL, and poor R-wave progression in leads V1-3. High-sensitivity troponin I level was 4.59 ng/mL, indicating an acute high lateral wall myocardial infarction. The patient's family requested treatment with BRS, without implantation. During PCI, the BRS became unloaded but was successfully rescued. The patient was followed up for 2 years; he had no episodes of angina pectoris and was in generally good condition. CONCLUSION: We describe a case of a 59-year-old male experienced BRS unloading and successful rescue. By analyzing images, the causes of BRS unloading and the treatment plan are discussed to provide insights for BRS release operations. We discuss preventive measures for BRS unloading.

Construction of a high-density genetic map based on large-scale marker development in Coix lacryma-jobi L. using specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing (slaf-seq).

Coix lacryma-jobi L. is one of the most economically and medicinally important corns. This study constructed a high-density genetic linkage map of C. lacryma-jobi based on a cross between the parents 'Qianyi No. 2' × 'Wenyi No. 2' and their F2 progeny through high-throughput sequencing and the construction of a specific-locus amplified fragment (SLAF) library. After pre-processing, 325.49 GB of raw data containing 1628 M reads were obtained. A total of 22,944 high-quality SLAFs were identified, among which 3952 SLAFs and 3646 polymorphic markers met the requirements for the construction of a genetic linkage map. The integrated map contained 3605 high-quality SLAFs, which were grouped into ten genetic linkage groups. The total length of the map was 1620.39 cM, with an average distance of 0.45 cM and an average of 360.5 markers per linkage group. This report presents the first high-density genetic map of C. lacryma-jobi. This map was constructed using an F2 population and SLAF-seq approach, which allows the development of a large number of polymorphic markers in a short period. These results provide a platform for precise gene/quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping, map-based gene separation, and molecular breeding in C. lacryma-jobi. They also help identify a target gene for tracking, splitting quantitative traits, and estimating the phenotypic effects of each QTL for QTL mapping. They are of great significance for improving the efficiency of discovering and utilizing excellent gene resources of C. lacryma-jobi.

[Depression status of the family member and its influencing factors in the patient with mental disorder caused by cerebral trauma: 245 cases analysis].

OBJECTIVE: To determine the family member's depression status and its influencing factors in the patient with mental disorder caused by cerebral trauma. METHODS: The self-designed information questionnaire and self-rating depression scale (SDS) were used to investigate 245 family members' depression conditions. On the basis of SDS score index, all cases were divided into depression group and non-depression group. The data were analyzed by the univariate analysis and multiple factors regression analysis. RESULTS: In the 245 family members, 117 family members had different degrees of depressive symptoms including 68 with mild depression, 42 with moderate depression, and 7 with severe depression. In the multiple factors regression analysis, genetic relationship, personality characteristics and payment method were the main influencing factors of the depression status. CONCLUSION: Much attention should be paid to the family member's depression condition of the patient with mental disorder caused by cerebral trauma through specific psychological intervention.