A Budget Proposal for China's Public Long-Term Care Policy.

Long-term care (LTC) policy is at an experimental stage in China, characterized by various regional pilot programs. The public cost of LTC is difficult to estimate due to a lack of clarity about policy detail from the central government. This article analyzes the current disabled status for vulnerable older people without sufficient financial resources and family supports. It focuses on estimating a safety net public subsidy policy for LTC services in China, both for today and into the future, using China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS) data, 2011 wave, with the methods of multinomial logistic regression and simulation. The key contribution is to estimate the future disability trend and LTC public cost based on changes in education, population ageing, and urbanization. Disability prevalence might be decreasing partly due to higher education, urbanization, and better health care, and the overall public LTC costs might be growing by the results of projection.

NAD+ metabolic enzyme inhibitor as radiosensitizer for malignant meningioma and its modulation of P53 expression.

Surgical resection followed by radiotherapy (RT) is recommended for malignant meningioma but poor outcome is unavoidable. To improve the efficacy of RT in malignant meningioma, a targeted radiosensitizer could be added. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), highly expressed in high-grade meningiomas may have a role in determining the radioresponse. Here, we evaluated the impact of NAMPT inhibition on radiosensitivity in malignant meningioma in vivo and in vitro. IOMM-Lee and TTMM705 cells were treated with NAMPT inhibition (FK866 or shRNA NAMPT) before irradiation. The subsequent clonogenic assay demonstrated significantly increased radiosensitivity. Combination treatment with FK866 and irradiation significantly increased the number of G2/M-phase cells, the percentage of apoptotic cells and the γ-H2A.X level compared to FK866 or RT alone. We examined the effect of NAMPT inhibition on NMI and p53 expression in IOMM-Lee and TTMM705 cells. NAMPT inhibition by FK866 and shRNA treatment increased NMI, p53, CDKN1A and BAX expression. Additionally, we assessed the efficacy of FK866/RT combination treatment in vivo. The combination treatment exhibited increased antitumor efficacy compared to either treatment alone. The Ki-67 level was significantly lower and the p53 and γ-H2A.X level was significantly higher in the combination treatment group than in any of the other three groups. In conclusion, these results indicate that FK866 improves radiosensitivity in malignant meningioma, an effect that may be attributed to the increase in p53 expression.

Evaluation of the effect of pharmaceutical care during inpatient treatment in a department of neurology: A retrospective study.

Common drug-related problems during neurology inpatient treatment can affect expected health results. Some interventions need to be implemented to reduce DRPs. To explore the effect of care from clinical pharmacists during inpatient treatment. Inpatients treated in the department of neurology in the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University between January 1 to December 31, 2019, were retrospectively included. Those who received care from the clinical pharmacist service were assigned to the pharma-care group while the other patients were assigned to the control group. From the perspective of drugs, the two groups were compared in terms of types, antimicrobial use, and key monitoring of drug use. From the perspective of patients, the two groups were compared in terms of length of stay, hospital cost, drug cost and proportion. Propensity score matching was used to balance the baseline characteristics. A total of 2684 patients were included 554 in the pharma-care group and 2130 in the control group with a median of 9 days (range, 3-30 days) hospital stay. The groups showed no significant difference in age or gender. Length of stay, the proportion of drug cost, number of adverse events, cost of antibacterial agents, use of a single antibacterial agent, and use of three or more different antibacterial agents were similar between the groups. Medicine expenses cost more in the pharma-care group. The cost and types of intensive monitoring drugs were similar, but Defined Daily Doses were lower in the control group. While clinical pharmacists may play a positive role in the pharmaceutical care of inpatients, in this study the benefits were not obvious. This may be because of the small number of clinical pharmacists in the department of neurology with narrow coverage.

Corrosion Resistance of Modified Hexagonal Boron Nitride (h-BN) Nanosheets Doped Acrylic Acid Coating on Hot-Dip Galvanized Steel.

The hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanosheets modified by silane coupling agent (KH560) were doped into acrylic acid coating on the surface of galvanized steel to improve its corrosion resistance. H-BN nanosheets modified by KH560 were prepared and characterised by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The corrosion resistance of the acrylic acid coatings was measured by electrochemical testing. The results show that the corrosion current density of the coating with modified h-BN nanosheets was reduced from 2.2 × 10-5 A/cm2 to 2.3 × 10-7 A/cm2 compared with the acrylic acid coating. The impedance of the composite coating with modified h-BN is 4435 Ω·cm2, higher than the BNNS coating (2500 Ω·cm2) and the acrylic acid coating (1500 Ω·cm2). This is due to the physical barrier and electrical insulation properties of the hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanosheets.