Comparison of different feature extraction methods for applicable automated ICD coding.

BACKGROUND: Automated ICD coding on medical texts via machine learning has been a hot topic. Related studies from medical field heavily relies on conventional bag-of-words (BoW) as the feature extraction method, and do not commonly use more complicated methods, such as word2vec (W2V) and large pretrained models like BERT. This study aimed at uncovering the most effective feature extraction methods for coding models by comparing BoW, W2V and BERT variants. METHODS: We experimented with a Chinese dataset from Fuwai Hospital, which contains 6947 records and 1532 unique ICD codes, and a public Spanish dataset, which contains 1000 records and 2557 unique ICD codes. We designed coding tasks with different code frequency thresholds (denoted as [Formula: see text]), with a lower threshold indicating a more complex task. Using traditional classifiers, we compared BoW, W2V and BERT variants on accomplishing these coding tasks. RESULTS: When [Formula: see text] was equal to or greater than 140 for Fuwai dataset, and 60 for the Spanish dataset, the BERT variants with the whole network fine-tuned was the best method, leading to a Micro-F1 of 93.9% for Fuwai data when [Formula: see text], and a Micro-F1 of 85.41% for the Spanish dataset when [Formula: see text]. When [Formula: see text] fell below 140 for Fuwai dataset, and 60 for the Spanish dataset, BoW turned out to be the best, leading to a Micro-F1 of 83% for Fuwai dataset when [Formula: see text], and a Micro-F1 of 39.1% for the Spanish dataset when [Formula: see text]. Our experiments also showed that both the BERT variants and BoW possessed good interpretability, which is important for medical applications of coding models. CONCLUSIONS: This study shed light on building promising machine learning models for automated ICD coding by revealing the most effective feature extraction methods. Concretely, our results indicated that fine-tuning the whole network of the BERT variants was the optimal method for tasks covering only frequent codes, especially codes that represented unspecified diseases, while BoW was the best for tasks involving both frequent and infrequent codes. The frequency threshold where the best-performing method varied differed between different datasets due to factors like language and codeset.

Severe Acute Type B Aortic Dissection Complicated by Acute Pancreatitis: A Case Report.

A 52-year-old man presented with sudden abdominal pain and intermittent vomiting. The patient underwent contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan and was diagnosed with an acute type B aortic dissection involving the celiac trunk superior mesenteric artery and extending to the renal artery. The patient was treated with thoracic endovascular aortic repair. After the procedure, the patient still complained of left upper abdomen abdominal pain, and an abdominal mass was detected on physical examination. Imaging revealed a 15-cm cystic lesion involving the pancreatic tail and serum amylase measured at 556 U/L. A definitive diagnosis of severe acute pancreatitis was made. The patient was treated with injection of somatostatin, ultrasound-guided puncture drainage, and jejunal nutrition tube placement. The patient was discharged with symptom free after 30 days and well recovered in subsequent follow-up 12 months later.

Gouqizi () seed oil reduces D-galactose induced inflammation in testis of rats Janus kinase 1/signal transducerand activator of transcription 1/nuclear factor-κB and.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of Gouqizi () seed oil (FLSO) on D-gal induced inflammation in testis of rats and . METHODS: In aging Sertoli cells (TM4 cells) induced by D-galactose (D-gal), the expression of upregulated aging-related proteins. The number of cells counted by cell counting kit (CCK)-8 assay showed a high number of cells disposed with FLSO at 50, 100 and 150 µg/mL compared to that for the aging model. , male Sprague-Dawley rats ( = 50, 8-week-old, 230-255 g) were randomly categorized into control, aging model, and FLSO (low-, medium-, and high-dose) groups. The expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and its upstream factors [Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) and signal transducerand activator of transcription 1 (STAT1)] was detected by Western blot and immunofluorescence, related inflammatory factors quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Evaluation of testicular tissue by Johnsen score, the spermatogenic function was explored. RESULTS: The expression of interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) ( < 0.05), IL-6 ( < 0.001), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) ( < 0.05) was decreased significantly, while that of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) ( < 0.001) and IL-10 ( < 0.05) was increased in cells disposed with FLSO 100 µg/mL. FLSO inhibited the expression of NF-B and declined p-p65/p65 ( < 0.01), as detected by Western blotting. In, the levels in serum of IL-1ß ( < 0.001), IL-6 ( < 0.05), and TNF-( < 0.01) declined while IL-10 ( < 0.05) was upregulated post-FLSO treatment. In addition, the expression of JAK-1 and STAT1 increased significantly in testicular tissue of rats treated with FLSO as compared to the aging model of rats ( < 0.001), while the expression of NF-κB ( < 0.001) declined in the testis in the FLSO group, as assessed by immunofluorescence. The levels of inhibor B and testosterone in serum both increased (< 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, this study determined the protective effects of FLSO to tolerate inflammatory injury in the testis, indicating that FLSO alleviates inflammation JAK-1/STAT1/NF-κB pathway.

Protection of Informed Consent Rights for Subjects in Drug Clinical Trials / 中国医学伦理学

The right to informed consent is the basic right of subjects in drug clinical trials. International treaties and domestic laws have successively formed a basic right protection framework, while there are still some problems such as imperfect legal norms and incomplete practical operations. To meet future challenges, it is necessary to further improve legislation, standardize notification procedures, improve notification content, expand dynamic notification methods, and strengthen ethical review, so as to build a standardized and modern system for protecting the right to informed consent of subjects.

Effects of adriamycin resistance cell-derived exosomes on the proliferation and migration of osteosarcoma cells through drug resistance transmission / 中华骨科杂志

Objective:To explore the relationship and underlying mechanism between exosomes derived from doxorubicin-resistant osteosarcoma cells and MDR1 and miRNAs. Methods:MG63 and U2OS cell lines were selected to construct doxorubicin-resistant strains, and the 50% inhibitory concentration (half maximal inhibitory concentration, IC 50) of drug-resistant and sensitive strains was detected by MTT, and fluorescence staining was performed at intervals of 15 min between 15 and 120 min to detect the change of fluorescence intensity. RT-PCR and Western Blot were used to detect the expression levels of MDR1 P-gp to verify the drug resistance of osteosarcoma cells. Exosomes were identified by particle size analysis and Western Bolt detection. The endocytosis of PKH26-labeled exosomes from doxorubicin-resistant cells was observed, and the proliferation level and migration of exosomes from doxorubicin-resistant cells co-cultured with osteosarcoma cells were detected by MTT assay and cell scratch assay. The differential expression levels of miRNAs in osteosarcoma-sensitive and drug-resistant cells were verified by sequencing and bioinformatics analysis and RT-PCR assay. Tumor growth, serum exosome identification and mRNA expression level of miR-21-5p in tumor-bearing nude mice between normal osteosarcoma cell group and drug-resistant group, drug-resistant+normal exosome group, drug-resistant+drug-resistant+drug-resistant exosome group were observed. MDR1 expression level in tumor tissue was detected by RT-PCR, Western Blot and immunohistochemistry. Results:The IC 50 of two adriamycin resistant strains were 2.21 vs. 11.81 μg/ml and 0.93 vs. 11.81 μg/ml, respectively, and the fluorescence intensity decreased faster than that of normal strains. The relative mRNA expression levels of MDR1 in two cell lines were normal 1.12±0.16, 1.02±0.11 and drug-resistant 2.15±0.10, 2.127±0.12, respectively. The relative protein expression of P-gp was normal 0.92±0.11, 0.73±0.10 and drug-resistant 0.46±0.03, 0.30±0.04, the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Drug-resistant exosomes can enter osteosarcoma cells through endocytosis and concentrate in the cytoplasm when co-cultured with normal strains. Osteosarcoma cells were co-cultured with drug-resistant exosomes at 2, 4, 6, and 8 μg/ml adriamycin, respectively. Compared with normal group, the proliferation level in drug-resistant group was significantly increased. Compared with the normal cell group 35.95±3.92, 6.72±3.55 and the normal exosome group 51.22±5.55, 19.31±1.93, the drug-resistant cell group 54.20±9.32, 19.24±2.88 and drug-resistant exosome group 76.40±5.41, 30.26±4.87, all had significantly higher cell mobility, the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Exosome sequencing and biogenic analysis of 10 highly upregated miRNAs to validate mRNA expression differences between normal and drug-resistant strains by RT-PCR, showing a significant increase in miR-21-5p expression level of drug-resistant strains (5.89±0.26 vs. 0.99±0.06; 1.05±0.07 vs. 8.80±0.93, P<0.05), the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). In MG63 and U2OS, the normal cell group and drug-resistant cell group, and the normal exosome group and drug-resistant exosome group were compared, the tumor volume and the terminal tumor weight of nude mice were increased to varying degrees. MRNA relative expression levels of miR-21-5p in serum exosomes of nude mice after drug intervention were 0.86±0.07 and 0.86±0.05 in normal cell group, respectively. The values were 1.13±0.12, 1.14±0.12 in drug-resistant cell group, 0.71±0.05, 0.75±0.03 in normal exosome group, and 0.90±0.07, 0.93±0.04 in drug-resistant exosome group. Compared with normal and drug-resistant strains, the expression levels of normal and drug-resistant exosome groups were increased, with statistical significance ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The exosomes of drug-resistant cells in osteosarcoma could enhance the proliferation level and migration ability of cells through intercellular transfer of MDR1 and miRNAs. The expression of MDR1 and miR-21-5p in drug-resistant cells and tumor-forming nude mouse serum and tumor tissues were up-regulated which suggested that it might be involved in regulating the drug resistance process of osteosarcoma.

Research progress on population adaptation to temperature / 环境与职业医学

Temperature is an environmental factor closely related to human daily life. Global climate change has led to an increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme meteorological events and climate anomalies. The associated adverse health also attracted public attention. Recently, with the processes of climate change and urbanization, epidemiological evidence pointing to a temporal change of population susceptibility to heat and/or cold over time has emerged. This paper summarized the definition of adaptation and then reviewed the studies on temporal change in temperature-related health risks at home and abroad, exploring whether the adaptation to temperature confirmed among different . Next, the research progress of influencing factors of adaptation. Finally, the common analytical methods of adaptation were reviewed. We also put forward an outlook based on the limitations of current exploratory studies. Rational identification of adaptation to temperature is of important scientific significance for the evaluation and prediction of the health effect of future climate.

Influencing factors of community hospice care service needs of the elderly based on structural equation model / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective:To analyze the influencing factors of community hospice care service needs of the elderly based on structural equation model.Methods:A multi-stage sampling method was used to survey 564 elderly people from 40 community health service centers in four districts of Chaoyang District in Beijing from September to November 2020 with a self-designed questionnaire. The survey content included three dimensions: tendency characteristics (population characteristics, health beliefs), enabling resources and demand factors. The chi-square test and rank sum test were used to analyze the influencing factors of the community hospice care needs of the elderly. At the same time, based on Anderson theory, structural equation model was used to analyze the action path and effect size of the influencing factors.Results:Registered residence, occupation, understanding of community elderly care services, recognition of community medical convenience, recognition of community health services in reducing family burden, recognition of community health services in improving their own health, understanding of community hospice care services, mean monthly income of their families, degree of income satisfaction, self-paid medical expenses of the previous year, living status, acceptance of community medical expenses, satisfaction with the number of community medical staff, self-assessment of health status, whether the elderly was ill in the last two weeks and the number of chronic diseases and etc affected the needs of the elderly for community hospice care services (all P<0.05). In the three dimensions of Anderson model, enabling resources had a direct effect, and could also be affected by demand factors indirectly, the total effect value was 0.404; demand factors had direct impact, and the effect value was 0.193; propensity characteristics exerted impact indirectly through enabling resources and demand factors, and the total effect value was 0.176. Among them, the acceptance of community health service fees in the enabling resource dimension has the greatest impact (FL=0.535), the number of chronic disease in the demand factor dimension had the greatest impact (FL=1.018), and the recognition of community health service in reducing family burden in the propensity characteristic dimension had the greatest impact (FL=0.612) (all P<0.05). Conclusions:There are various factors and action paths that affect the needs of community hospice care services for the elderly. Among them, the acceptance of community health service fees, the number of chronic disease, and the recognition of community health service in reducing family burden have a greater impact.

Comprehensive therapy for advanced unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of comprehensive therapy in the treatment of advanced unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods:Clinical data of 34 patients with primary liver cancer admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital from Nov 2018 to Dec 2020 initially evaluated as unresectable were treated firstly by combined therapy and then underwent reevaluation for further management.Results:A total of 34 patients completed the integrative treatment, and no serious adverse events occurred. Among them, 6 patients were evaluated as partial remission, and underwent successful tumor resection, tumors in 7 patients were stable, and 21 patients suffered from disease progression.Conclusion:After comprehensive therapy, unresectable tumors in some patients could reduce and be rendered resection.

Evaluation of the performance of systems for whole blood C-reactive protein detection: a multi-center study / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective:To explore the performance of the commonly used whole blood C-reactive protein (CRP) detection systems and give related recommendation on the performance requirements of detection systems.Methods:A total of 7 540 venous blood samples from 26 maternal, child and children′s hospitals were collected to conduct this multi-center study on the analytical performance of 5 commonly used whole blood CRP detection systems from March to April in 2019. The blank check, carryover, repeatability, intermediate precision, linearity, sample stability, influence of hematocrit/triglyceride/bilirubin, comparison with SIEMENS specific protein analyzer and trueness were evaluated. The 5 systems included BC-5390CRP autohematology analyzer, AstepPLUS specific protein analyzer, Ottoman-1000 Automated Specific Protein POCT Workstation, i-CHROMA Immunofluorometer equipment Reader and Orion QuikRead go detecting instrument. The 5 systems were labeled as a, b, c, d and e randomly.Results:Within the 5 systems, all values of blank check were less than 1.00 mg/L, the carryovers were lower than 1.00%. The repeatability of different ranges of CRP concentrations including 3.00-10.00, 10.00-30.00 and>30.00 mg/L were less than 10.00%, 6.00% and 5.00%, respectively, and the intermediate precision was less than 10.00%. The linearity correlation coefficients of the 5 systems were all above 0.975, while the slope was within 0.950-1.050. Whole blood samples were stable within 72 hours both at room temperature (18-25 ℃) and refrigerated temperature (2-8 ℃). The CRP results were rarely influenced by high triglyceride or bilirubin, except for the immmunoturbidimetric test based on microparticles coated with anti-human CRP F(ab) 2 fragments. When triglyceride was less than 15.46 mmol/L, the deviation of CRP was less than 10.00%. When bilirubin was less than 345.47 μmol/L, the deviation of CRP was less than 10.00%. CRP was more susceptible to Hct on the systems without Hct correction. The deviation of CRP between different Hct dilution concentration and 40% dilution concentration can reach as high as 67.48%. The correlation coefficients ( r) of 5 systems were all more than 0.975 in the range of 0-300.00 mg/L compared with Siemens specific protein analyzer. All systems passed the trueness verification using the samples with specified values of 12.89 and 30.60 mg/L. Conclusion:The performance of 5 systems can basically meet the clinical needs, but it is suggested that the whole blood CRP detection system without automatic Hct correction should be modified manually.

[Synchronous correction of lip and nasal deformity in complete bilateral cleft lip].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the technique and its therapeutic effect of synchronous correction of lip and nasal deformity in complete bilateral cleft lip. METHODS: 29 patients with complete bilateral cleft lip underwent synchronous correction of lip and nasal deformity with the modified Mulliken method for Asians. The philtral flap was 6-7 mm in length, and 3-4 mm in width at the collumellar-labial junction. The distance between the peaks of cupid's bow was 4-5 mm. The bilateral edge of philtral flap was de-epithelialized and advanced to form philtrum column. The lateral lip was advanced to the medial site, and the central vermilion tubercle was constructed with the bilateral vermilion-mucosal flap. Through the alar rim incision, the displaced cartilage was dissected and repositioned to raise the nasal tip. The follow-up period was 6 months to 6 years. RESULTS: Satisfactory results were achieved in all patients. The reconstructed upper lip had invisible scar with natural philtrum and column. The vermilion had good appearance with tubercle. The length of nasal column was not decreased and depression of nasal tip and alar was greatly improved. CONCLUSIONS: Our modified Mulliken method is effective in synchronous correction of lip and nasal deformity in bilateral cleft lip.

Research progress of fluorescence imaging in neural localization / 中华核医学与分子影像杂志

The difficulty of neural localization during operation often leads to the increased risk of nerve injury,which results in neurological dysfunction,so how to accurately locate the nerves in surgeries,such as operations for patients with recurrent parotid tumors and prostate surgery,has become one of the key factors for the success of the operation.There are many methods to locate nerves in real time during operation,among which fluorescence imaging has attracted more and more attention due to its unique advantages of high sensitivity,easy to use,low cost and no radiation.In this article,the related research progresses of fluorescence imaging in neural localization are reviewed.

Research progress of fluorescence imaging in neural localization / 中华核医学与分子影像杂志

The difficulty of neural localization during operation often leads to the increased risk of nerve injury, which results in neurological dysfunction, so how to accurately locate the nerves in surgeries, such as operations for patients with recurrent parotid tumors and prostate surgery, has become one of the key factors for the success of the operation. There are many methods to locate nerves in real time during operation, among which fluorescence imaging has attracted more and more attention due to its unique advantages of high sensitivity, easy to use, low cost and no radiation. In this article, the related research progresses of fluorescence imaging in neural localization are reviewed.

Expression and clinical significance of lncRNA H19 and lncRNA MEG3 in serum of patients with gastric cancer / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To investigate the expression and clinical significance of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) H19 and lncRNA maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) in the serum of patients with gastric cancer (GC).Methods:A total of 87 GC patients admitted to the First People′s Hospital of Suqian (July 2017 to August 2018) were selected as the GC group, 51 patients with benign tumors as the benign tumor group, and 40 healthy people with physical examination as the healthy control group. The expression levels of lncRNA H19 and lncRNA MEG3 in serum were measured; the relationship between the expression levels of the two and clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients with GC was analyzed.Results:The levels of serum lncRNA H19 in healthy control group, benign tumor group and GC group were gradually increased, and lncRNA MEG3 level was gradually decreased ( P<0.05); the serum lncRNA H19 level in GC group was related to tumor invasion depth, tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage and lymph node metastasis. The level of lncRNA MEG3 was related to the degree of differentiation, TNM stage and lymph node metastasis ( P<0.05). Among the 87 GC patients , 63 patients were followed up for 13-32 months with an average of (23.54±4.18)months. Kaplan Meier survival curve showed that the overall survival rate of high serum lncRNA H19 group and low serum lncRNA MEG3 level group was significantly lower than that of low serum lncRNA H19 level group and high serum lncRNA H19 level group. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that lncRNA H19 ( HR=3.442, 95% CI=0.089-23.421) was an independent prognostic factor for GC patients, and lncRNA MEG3 ( HR=4.386, 95% CI=0.934-20.596) was a protective factor ( P<0.05); receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed that the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of serum lncRNA H19+ lncRNA MEG3 [area under curve (AUC)=0.922, 95% CI=0.861-0.962] were higher than those of serum lncRNA H19 (AUC=0.840, 95% CI=0.771-0.904) and lncRNA MEG3 (AUC=0.830, 95% CI=0.753-0.890). Conclusions:The level of serum lncRNA H19 in GC patients is significantly increased, and the level of lncRNA MEG3 is significantly reduced, which is closely related to tumor occurrence, development and prognosis. Combined detection of the two can enhance the diagnostic value of GC.

Expert consensus on standardized TORCH laboratory detection and clinical application / 中华检验医学杂志

TORCH, which is considered as a series of pathogens, including the Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella virus, Cytomegalovirus or Herpes simplex virus, often infects the pregnant women to induce the the fetus or newborn infection by transplacental infection or exposure to contaminated genital tract secretions at delivery. Increasing evidence have been confirmed that the infection of TORCH may cause the miscarriage, premature birth, malformed fetus, stillbirth, intrauterine growth retardation, neonatal multiple organ dysfunction and other adverse pregnancy outcomes. For most TORCH-infections cases may lacking the effective treatments during pregnancy, and it is important to achieve the effacing monitoring of TORCH infections before and during pregnancy. The laboratory testing of TORCH has the great significance. However, the consensus opinions still need to improve the the standardization of TORCH testing process and the correct interpretation. Based on the characteristics of the TORCH detection method, this article gives a consensus opinion on the standardized detection and clinical application of TORCH from the laboratory perspective according to the characteristics and types of infection of different pathogens.

The application of digital surgical template in bimaxillary orthognathic surgery / 中华整形外科杂志

Objective@#To investigate the feasibility and accuracy using digital surgical guide to position the jaws in bimaxillary orthognathic surgery.@*Methods@#16 patients with dento-maxillofacial deformity were included from January to December 2018 in Nanjing Stomatological Hospital. There were 10 males and 6 females, all of which were skeletal Ⅲ deformity. The mean age was 21.3 years old (16 to 28 years). They were divided into digital guide (group A) and traditional model surgery (group B) according to the treatment sequence. All patients underwent both Lefort Ⅰ osteotomy and bilateral ascending sagittal split. Virtual surgery was performed and digital three-dimensional surgical template was printed before surgery in group A. During the operation, digital surgical templates were used to position maxilla and mandible. The accuracy was evaluated by generating color distribution map of deviation grade, which was imaging fusion of virtual surgical jaw position and actual surgical jaw position to measure the deviation distance of each marker point one week after surgery. The deviations between the preoperative design and the actual operation were compared with the t-test respectively in group A and group B, and the independent sample t test was chosen to compared the accuracy of reduction between the two groups in sagittal, horizontal, and vertical directions.@*Results@#All 16 patients had primary healing. The maximum deviation of the patients in group A was at U6. The deviation direction was vertical, and the deviation distance was (1.67±0.32) mm. In group A, the deviation distances of all marker points in the sagittal, horizontal and vertical directions were (0.55±0.26) mm (t=2.985, P=0.205), (0.62±0.20) mm (t=2.672, P=0.193) and (1.07±0.62) mm (t=5.122, P=0.823), respectively. The result in group B was (0.63±0.28) mm(t=3.397, P=0.307), (0.71±0.42) mm (t=4.438, P=0.541) and (1.82±0.36) mm (t=1.115, P=0.021) in these directions. There was no significant difference between two groups in the sagittal (t=4.704, P=0.763) and lateral (t=4.008, P=0.615) directions, and the difference in the vertical (t=1.432, P=0.037) direction was statistically significant.@*Conclusions@#The digital guides were feasible to position jaws accurately in orthognathic surgery.

Roles of signaling molecules in biofilm formation / 生物工程学报

Bacterial biofilm refers to a tunicate-like biological group composed of polysaccharide, protein and nucleic acid secreted by bacteria on the surface of the mucous membrane or biological material. The biofilm formation is a major cause of chronic infections. Bacteria could produce some secondary metabolites during the growth and reproduction. Some of them act as signaling molecules allowing bacteria to communicate and regulate many important physiological behaviors at multiple-cell level, such as bioluminescence, biofilm formation, motility and lifestyles. Usually, these signal molecules play an important role in the formation of bacterial biofilm. We review here the effects of related signal molecules of Quorum Sensing, cyclic diguanylate, Two-Component Systems and sRNA on the biofilm formation. Focusing on these regulation mechanism of signal molecules in the process of biofilm formation is necessary for the prevention and treatment of some chronic diseases.

Instant rehabilitation of Brown Ⅱ maxilla defects with 3D printed prosthesis: a clinical preliminary study / 中华整形外科杂志

Objective@#To assess feasibility and clinical effect of 3D printed prosthesis in instant rehabitation of Brown Ⅱ maxilla defect.@*Methods@#Five patients with maxillary primary tumor or malignant tumor involving maxillary bone admitted from August 2016 to April 2017 were treated.Before surgery, surgical guide template and prosthesis was designed and created with digital surgery technique. Surgery was performed under guidance of surgical template and checked with surgical navigation. Prosthesis was also placed to repair Brown Ⅱ maxilla defect instantly in surgery.Two weeks after surgery, CBCT examination was taken and compared to the pre-operative CBCT images to evaluate deviation and assess precision of surgery. One month after surgery, 3D photograph was taken to compare intercommissural width, differences of bilateral lip height and maximum distance between healthy and affected sides of lip, nasolabial angles, skewed degree of mouth corner, volume variation and superficial area variation of the lip before and after insertion of prosthesis. All data ware analyzed with SPSS 21.0 using the Mann-Whitney U test for non parametric test.@*Results@#Prosthesis was inserted during 20 minutes in all 5 included patients with good occlusion. The suture was removed two weeks after surgery.The wound healed well without infection. 5 patients had no recurrence of tumor during follow-up.Maximum deviation between actual and virtual surgery was(3.75±0.87) mm, minimum deviation was 0 mm, and average deviation was(0.35±0.08) mm.The difference of bilateral lip height was(2.66±1.52) mm and(0.46±0.49) mm before and after insertion of prosthesis(P=0.016). The skewed degree of mouth corner was(3.43±1.70)°and(1.98±1.24)°before and after insertion of prosthesis(P=0.047). The maximum distance between healthy and affected sides of lip were(5.75±3.66) mm and(2.19±1.14) mm before and after insertion of prosthesis(P=0.009). The above differences were statistically significant.No significant differences were found between nasolabial angles and intercommissural width (P=0.251, 0.251). Volume variation before and after insertion of prosthesis was(5.54±2.50) cm3and superficial area variation was (66.42±21.18) cm2.@*Conclusions@#3D printed prosthesis can instantly repair Brown Ⅱ maxilla defect, retain facial appearance and dentition and obtain good effect.

Development and application of modified military water tank / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To improve the existing military water tank to prevent water pollution.Methods The modified water tank was composed of a lip,body,a floating ring filled with foam materials,a zipper,multi faucets,drain valve,rack and etc.The zipper on the top of the tank could close down the tank,the faucets at the lower part realized water supply,and the drain valve at the bottom discharged residual water.Results The dust,small animals and etc were prevented from going into the tank with the consumed water decreased,and the tank was easy to clean.Conclusion The tank contributes to military water supply at field conditions,and is worthy promoting practically.

Experimental Study on Anaphylactoid Reactions of Hydroxyethyl Starch 40 Sodium Chloride Injection / 中国比较医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the sensitizations of Hydroxyethyl Starch 40 Sodium Chloride Injection . Methods Active systemic anaphylaxis ( ASA) test, internal sensitive index ' s determination and screening and Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis ( PCA) test are carried out .Observe the allergy safety of the samples .Results We use guinea pigs to carry on ASA test and PCA test with Hydroxyethyl Starch 40 Sodium Chloride Injection from 45 batches of 3 companies and no changes have occurred .Measuring and comparing the sensitive index of HIS ,IgG, IgM and IgE in plasma, IgM and IgE are not obvious variation;HIS and IgG positive group and negative group and sample groups are different .Conclusions It is suggestion that Hydroxyethyl Starch 40 Sodium Chloride Injection safety evaluation should include allergic reactions , HIS and IgG sensitive index monitoring in clinical application of hydroxyethyl starch .

Protective effect of Zheng Chaihu Yin on paracetamol induced acute liver injury of mice / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of aqueous extract of Zheng Chaihu Yin(ZCH)on paracetamol(acetaminophen,APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity. METHODS Male ICR mice were divided into three scenarios randomly:the single treatment dose of ZCH,multiple treatment or pretreatment dose of ZCH. Each scenario had a up control group and an APAP model group,while single treatment dose of ZCH group had a ZCH group at the same time. The dose of APAP and ZCH was 500 mg·kg-1 and 36 g · kg- 1,respectively. 24 h after the last administration,plasma and liver samples were prepared. Ultra- performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole- time- of- flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS)based metabolomics profiling was used to examine changes in plasma after expo?sure to ZCH,APAP or co-exposure to ZCH and APAP. Glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminas (GOT) values were determined by a biochemical auto analyzer in plasma. Histopathologic changes in the liver were observed and the area was calculated after HE staining. The data were analyzed with SPSS16.0 statistical software and the results were compared with the test between the two groups to find biomarkers. Also,SIMCA software was used for partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) pattern recognition. RESULTS Compared to control group, APAP dosing alone caused an increase in plasma transaminases and alterations in multiple metabolic pathways. Compared to APAP group,decrease in plasma transaminases was noted when ZCH was administered after or prior to APAP. Histopathologic results showed that in the single treatment group, multiple treatment group and pretreatment group,ZCH could alleviate the liver damage induced by APAP from (32.3 ± 12.0)% to (14.2 ± 9.9)%,(8.6 ± 7.9)% to (5.2 ± 1.7)% and (32.5 ± 10.0)% to (5.2 ± 6.4)%(P<0.05). Similarly,the PLS-DA of the LC-MS data showed that the groups dosed with APAP alone were the most distinct from controls,while animals dosed with ZCH prior to or after APAP treatment were located near control group. Metabolic spectrum results showed that ZCH could restore the changes in endogenous substances including lipid metabolism,amino acid metabolism,sugar metabolism and energy metabolism induced by APAP to normal. CONCLUSION ZCH water-extraction plays major roles in the regulation of metabolism on APAP-induced liver injury. These studies demonstrate that UPLC-Q-TOF-MS-based metabolomic analysis can be sensitively and accurately predict the initiation and progres?sion of liver injury and greatly contribute to a better understanding of the hepatoprotective effects of ZCH in a clinical environment.