[Hygienic standardization of 2-formylphenoxyethane acid in the air of the working zone].

The toxic properties of 2-formylphenoxyethane acid for hygienic standardization in the air of working zone were studied. The substance in the dose equal of DL introduced into the stomach for male rats, male and female mice accounted for 5354, 3698 and 4322 mg/kg. It refers to moderately hazardous substances. No significant differences in species and gender sensitivity of animals to the substance were noted. It possesses a strong ability to cumulation: C is 2.9. It has a marked irritating effect to the mucous membranes of eyes and the moderate one - to the skin. Ithas a toxic effect on the liver, kidneys, central nervous system. The threshold of acute inhalation effect (Lim) is 120.3 mg/m. At Lim level it has no irritating effect on the respiratory tract. The tentative safe exposure level of 2-formylphenoxyethane acid in the air of working zone is 1 mg/m.

To jubilee of Federal State Budgetary Scientific institution <>.

The author presents results in main scientific trends developed in the Institute since its foundation and prospects of further advances in public health and healthcare, hygiene, industrial medicine, human ecology.

Preservation of work potential - basis of governmental policy in Siberian region.

The authors accentuate the problem of preserving work potential of Russian population, most notable in industrial cities of Siberian federal district. Based on experience of Russian Federation outstanding scientists in industrial medicine and environmental hygiene (Izmerov N.F., Prokopenko L.V., At'kov O.Yu., Belyaev E.N., Bukhtiyarov IV., BushmanovAYu., Vereshagin A.I., Golovkova N.P., Kouz'mina L.P., Matiukhin VV., Tikhonova G.I., Ushakov I.B., et al), in accordance with Russian President's Orders and under support of Siberian Medical academic society, professionals in Research Institute of complex problems in hygiene and occupational diseases (Director - professor Zakharenkov V.) carry out scientific basis for priority'directions of governmental policy in Siberian region up to the level of complex special-purpose programs that are supposed to include present aims and facilities of various departments for implementation. The article covers conceptual points and main principles of program solutions, and one out of mechanisms for practical implementation.

[Hygienic standardization of 2-formylphenoxyethane acid in the air of the working zone Hygiene of Children and Adolescents].

The toxic properties of 2-formylphenoxyethane acid for hygienic standardization in the air of the working zone were studied. DL of the substance under the introduction into the stomach for male rats, male and female mice was 5354, 3698 and 4322 mg/kg. This compound refers to moderately hazardous substances. No significant differences in species and gender sensitivity of animals to the substance were found. This compound possesses a strong ability to the accumulation: C accounts of 2.9. It has a marked irritating effect to the mucous membranes of eyes and the moderate impact to the skin. It has a toxic effect on the liver, kidneys, central nervous system. The threshold of acute inhalation effect (Lim) equals to 120.3 mg/m. It has no irritating effect to the respiratory tract at Lim level. The tentative safe exposure level of 2-formylphenoxyethane acid in the air of working zone equals to 1 mg/m.

Hygienic evaluation of work conditions and health risk for mining enterprise workers.

Mining industry is characterized by hazardous work conditions that determine high risk of occupational morbidity. The article presents results of hygienic evaluation of work conditions and health risk for workers of Tashtagolsk mining enterprise in Kemerovo region, due to exposure to occupational hazards: noise, dust level, toxic chemicals. The authors present structure of occupational groups in mining industry, based on values of occupational factors, and taxonomic index characterizing overall risk level connected with occupational hazards.

Specificity of morphologic changes in target organs, associated with exposure to coal rock dust and fluorine compounds.

The studies revealed specificity of morphologic changes in target organs, depending on acting occupational hazard. Evidences are that inhalation of coal rock dust causes irreversible sclerotic and degenerative changes mostly in lungs and bronchi even on 6th week of the experiment. In liver, changes in parenchyma and stroma are controlled by reparative processes by 9th week. Accumulation of sodium fluoride in the body causes irreversible necrotic changes mostly in liver, on 6th week of the intoxication. With that, morphologic changes in lungs and bronchi are minor, characterized by immune inflammation with degenerative changes only after the 9th week. Irrespective of the acting hazard, vascular changes are characterized by media and intima hypertrophy with endothelial dystrophy and hyalinosis since the 6th week of the experiment.

Diagnostic features of atherosclerosis development in miners having anthracosilicosis.

To design forecasting system, the authors studied occurrence of atherosclerosis and its risk factors in 152 workers of coal mines in South Kouzbass (tunnellers, cleaning pit-face miners, mining excavator operators), suffering from anthracosilicosis. Atherosclerosis was revealed in 124 (81.6%) workers with anthracosilicosis. With Bayess method for independent signs and Wald's sequential analysis method, the authors created a way to forecast atherosclerosis with coronary, extracranial and peripheral arteries involvement in miners with anthracosilicosis. Maximal risk of atherosclerosis in miners with anthracosilicosis is associated with following parameters: age 45 years and over, arterial hypertension, smoking, abdominal obesity type, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, respiratory failure, family history of IHD, hypercholesterolemia, increased LDL cholesterol, decreased HDL cholesterol, increased atherogeneity coefficient, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperhomocysteinemia, hyperfibrinogenemia, increased C-reactive protein, hypersthenic type according to Reese-Isenc index, andromorphic type according to Tanner index, blood group. markers A (II) and B (III), rhesus negative, MN and NN. Through increased number of factors analyzed and selected additional markers, accuracy of atherosclerosis forecasting is increased - that enables to proceed with opportune treatment and prevention.

Experimental Study of the Mechanisms of Intracellular Defense in Cardiomyocytes Associated with Stages of Anthracosilicosis Development.

Mechanisms of intracellular defense of rat cardiomyocytes were studied in dynamics of anthracosilicosis development induced by long-term inhalation of coal and rock dust. It was shown that synthesis of transcription factor HIF-1α and protective proteins increased in the heart at the early stages of coal and rock dust inhalation (1-3 weeks), and these changes limited the development of free radical oxidation and activated metabolism of glucose and fatty acids. Exposure to coal and rock dust for 6-12 weeks activated free radical oxidation and decreased basal metabolism in cardiomyocytes.

[THE MEDICAL DEMOGRAPHIC PROCESSES IN THE SIBERIAN FEDERAL OKRUG].

The article presents data testifying demographic problems in numerous okrugs of the Russian Federation. It is emphasized that in the Siberian federal okrug reside 13.48% of population of Russia. In spite of it younger age (by 1.4 years) and on the assumption of situation of 2011-2012. The life expectancy of males is lower by 2.35±0.01 years as compared with the rest of Russian male population and in females is lower by 1.84±0.02 years as compared with the rest of Russianfemale population. In Kemerovskaia oblast with numerous population, where the coal mining industry is a city-formingfactor males live less by 4.2 years than males in whole Russia. The higher levels of mortality of population of able-bodied age in the Kemerovskaia oblast as compared with the Siberian federal okrug and Russia are presented The results of comparative analysis are used to demonstrate that even partial implementation in Novokuznetsk, the largest city of the Kemerovskaia oblast, of program activities targeted to prevent occupational morbidity ofworkers of coal mining industry of Kuzbass impacted alteration of indicator of mortality of population of able-bodied age. It is stated that the research institute of complex problems of hygiene and occupational diseases of the Russian academy of medical sciences has at its disposal experience and scientific base to develop program activities targeted to health protection and maintenance of labor potential of population of various territorial formations of the Russian Federation. The official permit of applying new medical technology to evaluate occupational risks for health of workers of industrial enterprises is available.

[CHRONIC FLUORIDE INTOXICATION AS A RISK FACTOR FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS].

In workers employed in the aluminum industry, the main harmful production factor is exposure to fluoride salts, which can cause chronic fluoride intoxication. For the assessment of the impact of chronic fluoride intoxication on the development of atherosclerosis, we conducted a comprehensive survey of 87 aluminum-metal makers with chronic fluoride intoxication and 43 aluminum-metal makers without occupational diseases, mean age--52.1 ± 0.4 years. There were considered the presence and severity of atherosclerosis of brachiocephalic arteries, and the arteries of the lower extremities in the studied group, there was evaluated the effect of other risk factors for atherosclerosis (smoking, presence of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia). With the use of Doppler ultrasound of the arteries it was revealed that in metallurgists with chronic fluoride intoxication atherosclerosis was detected in 73.6% versus 55.8% in persons of the comparison group. The performed analysis of the prevalence of main risk factors for atherosclerosis showed that in metal makers with chronic fluoride intoxication in combination with atherosclerosis hypertension is more common (in 54.7%) than in metallurgists with chronic fluoride intoxication without atherosclerosis--only 26.1%. According to the frequency of occurrence of smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertriglyceridemia, there were no significant differences between the metallurgists with chronic fluoride intoxication, with and without atherosclerosis, and the control group, the increase in LDL cholesterol occurs significantly more often in metal-makers with chronic fluoride intoxication in combination with atherosclerosis if compared to workers without occupational diseases. Thus, chronic fluoride intoxication acts as a risk factor in the development of atherosclerosis: atherosclerosis in metal-makers with chronic fluoride intoxication occurs more frequently than in workers who do not have professional pathology. Hypertension and elevated levels of LDL cholesterol were established to increase the relative risk of developing atherosclerosis in metallurgists with chronic fluoride intoxication. At that there are no significant differences in the prevalence of common risk factors for atherosclerosis (smoking, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia).

[Diagnosis of predisposition to chronic cor pulmonale formation in occupational lung diseases caused by dust].

Study covered 426 miners aged 40-54 years with previously diagnosed occupational respiratory diseases due to dust (246 patients with chronic occupational obstructive bronchitis, 98 with anthracosilicosis and 82 with chronic dust nonobstructive bronchitis). 315 (73.9%) examinees out of 426 with lung diseases due to dust demonstrated chronic cor pulnmonale. Considering high share of this complication, the authors used Bayes method to create a method to diagnose predisposition towards chronic cor pulmonale in patients with dust lung diseases through respiratory failure, concomitant coronary heart disease and arterial hypertension, blood groups ABO, MN and P, some structural and functional parameters of heart: myocardium weight index, relative wall thickness index and left ventricle sphericity index, average lung artery pressure. Increasing number of analyzed factors that directly influence chronic cor pulmonale development and selecting additional markers help to improve forecasting of the complication.

[Health of able-bodied population and preservation of labor potential of Seiberian Federal District].

The authors evaluated trends in parameters characterizing health state of able-bodied population, to specify a complex of medical and prophylactic measures aimed at preservation and increase in health state of Siberian Federal District population. The article covers study of medical and biological losses, forecast of medical and demographic parameters of labour potential in Siberian Federal District, practical approaches to target program of medical and social planning.

[The role of genetic factors in the development of chronic dust bronchitis in workers of coal mining enterprises of Kuzbass].

The distribution of genotypes of HP, GC, EsD, AsP and polymorphisms GSTT1 (GST-theta1) and GSTM1 (GST-micro1) and NOS3 (polymorphism VNTR4) in miners with chronic dust bronchitis, and in those without this occupational disease has been studied The carriers of genotypes of genotypes EsD 1-2, AsP bb were shown to be more prone to develop chronic dust bronchitis. Endogenous factors of resistance to the disease are the genotypes GC 1-1, EsD 1-1, AsP bc.

[Status of the cardiorespiratory system of workers at modern tantalum manufacturer].

Cardiorespiratory state in contemporary tantalum production workers was studied according to central hemodynamic parameters and pulmonary ventilation values. Specific changes in these parameters and values depend on conditions and character of work in tantalum production. Preventive measures help to reduce risk of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases.

[Chronic occupational bronchitis in workers of coal extracting enterprises in Kouzbass: role of endogenous factors].

The authors studied distribution of biochemical markers for HP, GC, EsD, AcP genes, polymorphism of GSTT1 (GST-theta 1), GSTM1 (GST-mu 1), locus WNTR of NOS3 gene (alleles A/B) in chronic dust bronchitis patients and in apparently healthy individuals. Genotypes EsD 1-2 and AcP bb individuals were proved to be most prone to the disease. Endogenous resistent factors for chronic dust bronchitis are genotypes GC 1-1, EsD 1-1, AcP bc.

[Hemostasis disorders in coal miners].

Findings are that coal miners having long contact with vibration instruments and coal dust develop endothelial dysfunction, increased platelets aggregation, hypercoagulation and lower anticoagulation activity. The hemostasis disorders revealed could result in earlier coronary atherosclerosis development in workers exposed to vibration.

[Monitoring of an occupational risk as a tool of workers' health care under harmful conditions].

The authors made a hygienic assessment of working conditions at the public corporation "RUSAL-Novokuznetsk", on the basis of which a personified database was set up. They calculated the occupational risks of fluorine intoxication in 1162 workers exposed to adverse industrial factors. The data of monitoring of the professional risk make it possible to predict the efficiency of working conditions-improving measures, and to plan the scope and priority of preventive measures in order to manage a risk for the prevention of occupational diseases.

[Comparison of clinical signs in various severity grades of vibration disease].

Examination covered 288 coal miners with vibration disease varying in severity grade. Findings were frequent angiodystonic syndrome (97-100%), upper limbs periarthrosis and arthrosis, frequent association with cervical, lumbar and sacral radiculopathy with mutual deterioration.

[Evaluating risk of morbidity among workers of coal open-cast mines in Kuzbass].

Work conditions on open-cast minest of Kuzbass include complex of unfavorable natural climate, mining technical occupational factors (microclimate, industrial noise, vibration, aerosols, toxic chemicals, hardiness and intensity of work). According to those occupational factors, the authors calculated risks of morbidity and safe length of service.

[Serum biochemistry data in association of atherosclerosis with pulmonary dust diseases].

The authors studied prevalence of atherosclerosis, serum levels of lipids and homocysteine in coal miners suffering from pulmonary dust diseases. More marked hyperlipidemia and hyperhomocysteinemia are associated with combination of atherosclerosis and pulmonary dust diseases. Respiratory failure as a complication of pulmonary dust diseases promotes hyperlipidemia.