RESUMEN
Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide and a leading cause of disability. The innate immune response occurs immediately after cerebral ischemia, resulting in adaptive immunity. More and more experimental evidence has proved that the immune response caused by cerebral ischemia plays an important role in early brain injury and later the recovery of brain injury. Innate immune cells and adaptive cells promote the occurrence of cerebral ischemic injury but also protect brain cells. A large number of studies have shown that cytokines and immune-related substances also have dual functions of promoting injury, reducing injury, or promoting injury recovery in the later stage of cerebral ischemia. They can be an important target for treating cerebral ischemic recovery. Therefore, this study discussed the immune cells, cytokines, and immune-related substances with dual roles in cerebral ischemia and summarized the therapeutic targets of cerebral ischemia. To explore more effective methods to treat cerebral ischemia, promote the recovery of brain function, and improve the prognosis of patients.
Asunto(s)
Lesiones Encefálicas , Isquemia Encefálica , Citocinas , Humanos , Isquemia Encefálica/inmunología , Isquemia Encefálica/terapia , Animales , Citocinas/metabolismo , Lesiones Encefálicas/inmunología , Lesiones Encefálicas/terapia , Inmunidad Innata , Inmunidad AdaptativaRESUMEN
Clinical resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a significant challenge. Recent studies have indicated that the number of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) increases following gefitinib treatment, correlating with a poor patient response in NSCLC. Our study revealed that gefitinib treatment stimulates the production of CCL2, which subsequently enhances monocyte (M)-MDSC migration to tumor sites. Chidamide, a selective inhibitor of the histone deacetylase subtype, counteracted the gefitinib-induced increase in CCL2 levels in tumor cells. Additionally, chidamide down-regulated the expression of CCR2 in M-MDSCs, inhibiting their migration. Furthermore, chidamide attenuated the immunosuppressive function of M-MDSCs both alone and in combination with gefitinib. Chidamide also alleviated tumor immunosuppression by reducing the number of M-MDSCs in LLC-bearing mice, thereby enhancing the antitumor efficacy of gefitinib. In conclusion, our findings suggest that chidamide can improve gefitinib treatment outcomes, indicating that MDSCs are promising targets in NSCLC.
Asunto(s)
Aminopiridinas , Benzamidas , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Células Supresoras de Origen Mieloide , Humanos , Animales , Ratones , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/patología , Gefitinib/farmacología , Gefitinib/uso terapéutico , Células Supresoras de Origen Mieloide/metabolismo , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patología , Línea Celular Tumoral , Inmunosupresores/uso terapéutico , Resultado del Tratamiento , Resistencia a AntineoplásicosRESUMEN
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common and serious acute inflammatory disease with high severity rate and mortality. Inflammation and oxidative stress play an extremely important role in the development of AP disease. Polyvinylpyrrolidone-modified iridium nanoparticles (IrNP-PVP) have multienzyme mimetic activity, and the aim of this article is to discuss the therapeutic alleviative effects of the ultrasmall nanozymes IrNP-PVP on AP through their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. IrNP-PVP were proved to inhibit inflammation and scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) at the cellular level. The synthetic IrNP-PVP exhibit remarkable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in the prevention and treatment of AP mice by establishing murine AP model, which can reduce the oxidative stress and inflammatory response. The results of this article indicated that the ultrasmall nanozymes IrNP-PVP effectively alleviate AP via scavenging ROS as well as suppressing inflammation both in vivo and in vitro, which might provide enormous promise for the AP management.
Asunto(s)
Antiinflamatorios , Antioxidantes , Iridio , Pancreatitis , Povidona , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno , Animales , Pancreatitis/tratamiento farmacológico , Povidona/química , Povidona/farmacología , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Antioxidantes/química , Iridio/química , Iridio/farmacología , Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Antiinflamatorios/química , Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Ratones , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Nanopartículas del Metal/química , Nanopartículas del Metal/uso terapéutico , Masculino , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Células RAW 264.7 , Enfermedad AgudaRESUMEN
The current wound healing process faces numerous challenges such as bacterial infection, inflammation and oxidative stress. However, wound dressings used to promote wound healing, are not well suited to meet the clinical needs. Hyaluronic acid (HA) not only has excellent water absorption and good biocompatibility but facilitates cell function and tissue regeneration. Dopamine, on the other hand, increases the overall viscosity of the hydrogel and possesses antioxidant property. Furthermore, chitosan exhibits outstanding performance in antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is conducive to cell proliferation and migration, vascular regeneration and wound healing. Hence, we designed an all-in-one hydrogel patch containing dopamine and chitosan framed by hyaluronic acid (HDC) with sprayed gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) microspheres loaded with bFGF (HDC-bFGF). The hydrogel patch exhibits excellent adhesive, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antibacterial properties. In vitro experiments, the HDC-bFGF hydrogel patch not only showed significant inhibitory effect on RAW cell inflammation and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) growth but also effectively scavenged free radicals, in addition to promoting the migration of 3 T3 cells. In the mice acute infected wound model, the HDC-bFGF hydrogel patch adhered to the wound surface greatly accelerated the healing process via its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, bacterial inhibition and pro-vascularization effects. Therefore, the multifunctional HDC-bFGF hydrogel patch holds great promise for clinical application.
Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos , Antiinflamatorios , Antioxidantes , Quitosano , Factor 2 de Crecimiento de Fibroblastos , Gelatina , Hidrogeles , Metacrilatos , Microesferas , Staphylococcus aureus , Cicatrización de Heridas , Animales , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacos , Ratones , Factor 2 de Crecimiento de Fibroblastos/administración & dosificación , Factor 2 de Crecimiento de Fibroblastos/química , Factor 2 de Crecimiento de Fibroblastos/farmacología , Gelatina/química , Staphylococcus aureus/efectos de los fármacos , Antibacterianos/administración & dosificación , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/química , Hidrogeles/química , Hidrogeles/administración & dosificación , Quitosano/química , Quitosano/administración & dosificación , Antioxidantes/administración & dosificación , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Antioxidantes/química , Metacrilatos/química , Metacrilatos/administración & dosificación , Antiinflamatorios/administración & dosificación , Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Antiinflamatorios/química , Masculino , Dopamina/administración & dosificación , Dopamina/química , Dopamina/farmacología , Ácido Hialurónico/química , Ácido Hialurónico/administración & dosificación , Ácido Hialurónico/farmacología , Células RAW 264.7 , Movimiento Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Infección de Heridas/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs-exacerbated respiratory disease ï¼N-ERDï¼ is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by eosinophilic inflammation, featuring chronic rhinosinusitis ï¼CRSï¼, asthma, and intolerance to cyclooxygenase 1 ï¼COX-1ï¼ inhibitors. The use of these medications can lead to an acute worsening of rhinitis and asthma symptoms. This condition has not yet received sufficient attention in China, with a high rate of misdiagnosis and a lack of related research. The Chinese Rhinology Research Group convened a group of leading young experts in otolaryngology from across the country, based on the latest domestic and international evidence-based medical practices to formulate this consensus.The consensus covers the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, and treatment strategies for N-ERD, including pharmacotherapy, surgery, biologic treatments, and desensitization therapy. The goal is to improve recognition of N-ERD, reduce misdiagnosis, and enhance treatment outcomes.