Validation of the Patient-Oriented SCORing for Atopic Dermatitis tool for black skin.

BACKGROUND: SCORing for Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) is a tool developed by the European Task Force on Atopic Dermatitis (AD) which is used by physicians to assess AD severity during consultations with their patients. Patient-Oriented SCORAD (PO-SCORAD) is a self-assessment tool for use by patients which has been validated in a study performed in European countries. However, there is currently no adapted tool for evaluating AD severity in black skin. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance of the version of the PO-SCORAD specifically adapted for black skin patients (children and adults) with AD. METHODS: In this multicenter, cross-sectional and non-interventional study, children and adults with AD were recruited during regular consultations. This international study was performed in seven sub-Saharan countries (Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ivory Coast, Gabon, Mali and Senegal). During the consultation, AD severity was assessed by the physician using SCORAD score and by the patients or parents using PO-SCORAD. RESULTS: One hundred and thirteen patients were included, 72 children and 41 adults, mainly females (61.6%). SCORAD assessed by physicians and PO-SCORAD assessed by patients/parents were well correlated (r = 0.66, P < 0.0001). Correlation coefficients for SCORAD and PO-SCORAD subscale scores were also good, except for symptom intensity criteria. CONCLUSION: Altogether, these data indicate that PO-SCORAD for black skin correlates well with SCORAD and is therefore a valuable tool, which requires no specific level of education, for use by black skin patients with AD.

Paclitaxel and radiotherapy in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Sixteen patients affected by previously untreated non-small cell lung cancer stage IIIB or IV received radiotherapy and paclitaxel (Taxol; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ) as radiation sensitizer in an open, nonrandomized pilot study to find the maximum tolerated dose of the drug concomitantly combined with radiation. Paclitaxel was given as a 3-hour infusion once weekly at a dose escalating by 10 mg/m2/wk for every patient cohort, starting at 40 mg/m2/wk and continuing to 80 mg/m2/wk. Conventionally fractionated (2 Gy/d for 5 d/wk for 5 weeks) radiotherapy up to 50 Gy was delivered to the primary tumor and mediastinum with a 6-mv linear accelerator. Hematologic toxicity has been very low; grade 3 World Health Organization nonhematalogic toxicities have been registered only at the 80 mg/m2/wk dose level. Seven patients achieved a major response, three patients had stable disease, and five patients progressed; three patients are still responding, whereas the others are relapsed and five of them died of disease. The median duration of response was 5 months. Paclitaxel may be safely combined with radiation at the maximum tolerated dose of 70 mg/m2/wk. Our data seem to confirm the radiosensitizing effect of the drug, independent of the dose level. Low doses of paclitaxel given as a single agent are unable to control metastatic disease.

Phase I/II study of paclitaxel and radiotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer.

To establish the maximum tolerated dose of paclitaxel (Taxol; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ) as a radiosensitizing agent and to determine its optimal therapeutic dose when combined with conventionally fractionated radiotherapy in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, a phase I/II study was undertaken in 16 treatment-naive patients. Beginning at 40 mg/m2/wk with doses escalated in 10 mg/m2 increments until dose-limiting toxicity was encountered, paclitaxel was administered over 3 hours to successive three-patient cohorts. Radiotherapy (2 Gy/d x 5 d/wk; maximum total dose, 50 Gy) was delivered after the paclitaxel infusion. Treatment continued for 5 successive weeks. All 16 patients are evaluable for response and toxicity. Hematologic toxicity was low, with red blood cells and platelets remaining stable and leukocyte decreases (mean, 60%) attributed to radiotherapy. Nonhematologic toxicity included grade 2/3 esophagitis and neurologic sequelae. Responses were noted at all paclitaxel dose levels, including two complete and five partial responses, but the median time to progression was only 5 months. Paclitaxel may be combined safely with radiotherapy without major toxicity, and the radiosensitizing effect of paclitaxel was evident at all doses.

Do Italian small cell lung cancer (SCLC) specialists share a common language? An analysis based on 549 questionnaires.

Different specialists are involved in the treatment of SCLC: medical oncologists, pneumologists, radiotherapists, and thoracic surgeons; only in large institutions the therapeutic policy is the result of a multidisciplinary approach. In order to investigate the opinions of the Italian physicians about the state of the art in the diagnosis and treatment of SCLC, 2369 questionnaires have been sent to an equal number of specialists. Each questionnaire contained 16 topics addressing what we consider major open questions. The analysis is based on 549 interpretable questionnaires received back (23.1%). The general attitude of responding physicians is quite pessimistic on the present state of the art; the large majority considering insufficient the current knowledge of both clinical and basic research. Some differences have been registered, among different specialists, regarding the role of surgery and radiation therapy in prolonging the expected survival; while a nearly unanimous consensus has been reached on the role of radiation therapy for local control. Optimism merges about the possibilities of ameliorating the survival in the next decades: 48% have confidence in new drugs, 45% in the development of integrated modalities, and 41% in the application of basic research.

A sequential chemo-radiotherapeutic treatment for patients with malignant gliomas: a phase II pilot study.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of our study was to evaluate the activity and toxicity of a sequential chemo-radiotherapeutic treatment on the basis of an earlier report by The Johns Hopkins Oncology Center. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighteen patients with histologically diagnosed malignant gliomas entered the study. Fifteen patients had glioblastoma multiforme (83%). BCNU (40 mg/sqm/die) and Cisplatin (40 mg/sqm/die) were administered concurrently for 3 days every 3-4 weeks. Radiotherapy consisted of 45 Gy whole cranial irradiation plus a 15 Gy boost on the preoperative volume. RESULTS: Thirteen patients had measurable disease and were evaluable for response. After chemotherapy we obtained 3 CRs (complete remission) and 4 PRs (partial remission) (RR (response rate 54%). Three PRs were converted to CRs after radiotherapy, for a complete remission rate of 46% (6/13). The median duration of response was 10 months. The median survival of the entire patients population was 9 months with 33% survival rates at 1 year. Hematological toxicity grade 4 in one patient and grade 3 in two patients were the major complications due to chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: Our sequential chemo-radiotherapeutic regimen appears to have significant activity in adults with newly diagnosed high-grade gliomas.

The use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factors following peripheral blood progenitor cell rescue after high-dose chemotherapy for advanced breast cancer: a prospective study.

The use of high-dose chemotherapy followed by hematopoietic rescue is increasing worldwide for solid tumors. Several studies have suggested that the period of absolute neutrophil count (ANC, < 500/ml) may be shortened in patients who receive peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPC). To estimate the clinical value of granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor, we examined a cohort of 26 consecutive patients with advanced breast cancer who received one or two cycles of high-dose chemotherapy with PBPC rescue with or without filgrastim. Thirty-five courses of high-dose ICE (ifosfamide, carboplatin, etoposide) chemotherapy were administered and evaluated. All patients received PBPC rescue. Sixteen patients (21 courses) received subcutaneous filgrastim (5 mg/kg) following PBPC infusion. Recovery to > or = 500 ANC occurred at a median time of 7 days post PBPC infusion among patients who received filgrastim versus 10 days among patients who received standard support care only (P < 0.01). The administration of filgrastim was not associated with a reduction in the duration of hospitalization, in the total number of days on nonprophylactic antibiotics, number of red blood cell transfusions, time to platelet engraftment, or number of febrile days. This could be the consequence of the high hematopoietic cell dose administered in the study. Therefore, any effect of filgrastim was probably masked by the use of a large number of PBPC. Larger prospective randomized studies, specifically focused on the utility of the administration of growth factors following high-dose chemotherapy and PBPC rescue, may be warranted to know whether the administration of filgrastim after PBPC transplantation is really necessary.