Basic Human Needs in the Elderly Receiving Palliative Care: A Scoping Review.

Purpose: This scoping review identified scientific evidence on basic human needs (BHNs) in the elderly receiving palliative care. Methods: Systematic searches were conducted using six electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Lilacs, IBECS, and Web of Science). The initial search resulted in 1,227 articles, of which 104 were identified as potentially relevant. Fifty-three articles that met the inclusion criteria were identified and included in the final analysis. Results: Using the three hierarchical dimensions of the BHN model, 17 needs were organised, with five in the psychobiological dimension, 10 in the psychosocial dimension, and two in the psychospiritual dimension. These needs reflect the importance of care with dignity and relief from suffering for the elderly in palliative care. Conclusion: Recognising impaired BHNs in elderly people receiving palliative care will contribute to better care plans for the elderly, considering the multiple bio-psycho-social-spiritual dimensions of BHNs. This review points to a predominance of psychosocial needs.

Nursing interventions for people in palliative care, based on the Dignity Model.

BACKGROUND: The use of the standardised nursing language aims to accurately represent clinical practice, contributing to proper documentation and the creation of evidence-based practice. AIMS: To validate nursing interventions (NI) for patients in palliative care, structuring these using the Dignity-Conserving Care Model. METHODS: A methodological study was conducted, developed according to the recommendations of the International Council of Nurses (ICN) and anchored in the Dignity-Conserving Care Model. The NI were developed in four stages: 1) construction of NI, based in the International Standards Organisation's standard (18.104:2014); 2) content validation by 26 expert nurses; 3) cross-mapping with the NIs contained in the International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP®) catalogue, Palliative Care for Dignified Dying, to identify those already existing in the catalogue; and 4) structuring the NI based on the concepts of the Dignity-Conserving Care Model. FINDINGS: 209 NI were validated and grouped into categories, namely: illness-related concerns; dignity-conservation repertoire; social dignity inventory. Of these, 183 were new and 26 already existed in the ICNP® Catalogue. CONCLUSION: The study presents new insights into palliative care in Brazil and presents 183 new NI in addition to those already published by the ICN.

Tipologias de cuidados às pessoas com transtorno de saúde mental na perspectiva dos familiares

Objetivo:Identificar os tipos de cuidados cotidianos às pessoas com transtorno de saúde mental na perspectiva dos familiares. Método:Trata-se de um estudo exploratório e descritivo de abordagem qualitativa. A coleta de dados foi realizada utilizando-se da entrevista semiestruturada com quinze familiares de pessoas com transtorno de saúde mental acompanhadas num serviço especializado de saúde mental numa cidade no Nordeste do Brasil. Os dados foram organizados e analisados segundo a técnica de análise de conteúdo temática e discutidos com base na literatura. Resultados:O perfil dos familiares entrevistados caracterizou-se pela maioria do gênero feminino, raça negra, residentes no mesmo domicílio que a pessoa com transtorno de saúde mental, sendo a mãe a principal cuidadora e com apoio dos demais familiares nos cuidados. Foram identificados como principais tipos de cuidados: 1) cuidado de vigilância; 2) cuidado parental; 3) cuidado superprotetor; 4) cuidado permissivo. Conclusão:A família cuida da pessoa com transtorno de saúde mental de acordo com suas possibilidades, entretanto alguns fatores como a falta de conhecimento, os estigmas e os preconceitos podem interferir negativamente na reabilitação psicossocial e autonomia dessa pessoa. É importante que a equipe de saúde forneça orientações e suporte aos familiares de modo a promover um cuidado integral.

Objetivo:Identificar los tipos de cuidados cotidianos de las personas con trastorno de salud mental desde la perspectiva de los familiares. Método:Se trata de un estudio exploratorio y descriptivo con enfoque cualitativo. La recopilación de datos se realizó mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas con quince familiares de personas con trastorno de salud mental que son acompañadas en un servicio especializado en salud mental en una ciudad del Nordeste de Brasil. Los datos se organizaron y analizaron según la técnica de análisis de contenido temático y se discutieron con base en la literatura. Resultados:El perfil de los familiares entrevistados se caracterizó por ser mayoritariamente del género femenino, de raza negra, y por vivir en el mismo domicilio que la persona con trastorno de salud mental, siendo la madre la cuidadora principal, con apoyo de otros familiares en el cuidado. Los principales tipos de cuidado identificados fueron: 1) cuidado vigilante; 2) cuidado parental; 3) cuidado sobreprotector; 4) cuidado permisivo. Conclusión:La familia cuida a la persona con trastorno de salud mental de acuerdo a sus posibilidades, sin embargo, algunos factores como la falta de conocimiento, estigmas y prejuicios pueden interferir negativamente en la rehabilitación psicosocial y autonomía de esa persona. Es importante que el equipo de salud brinde orientación y apoyo a los familiares para promover una atención integral.

Objective:To identify the types of daily care for people with mental health disorder from the perspective of family members. Method:This is an exploratory and descriptive study with a qualitative approach. Data collection was carried out using semi-structured interviews with fifteen family members of people with mental health disorder followed up in a specialized mental health service in a city in the Northeast of Brazil. The data was organized and analyzed according to the thematic content analysis technique and discussed based on the literature. Results:The profile of the family members interviewed was characterized by a majority of female gender, black race, residing in the same household as the person with mental health disorder, with the mother being the main caregiver and with support from the other family members in the care. The main types of care were identified as: 1) vigilant care; 2) parental care; 3) overprotective care; 4) permissive care. Conclusion:The family cares for the person with mental health disorders according to their possibilities, however, some factors such as lack of knowledge, stigmas and prejudices can negatively interfere in the psychosocial rehabilitation and autonomy of the person. It is important that the health team provides guidance and support for family members, in order to promote integral care.

Cuidados paliativos na Atenção Primária à Saúde: atribuições de enfermeiros e enfermeiras / Palliative care in Primary Health Care: assignments of the nursing team

O objetivo deste estudo foi reconhecer as atribuições da equipe de Enfermagem na prestação dos cuidados paliativos à pessoa atendida na rede da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS). Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, na qual realizou-se uma busca no período de janeiro de 2008 a setembro de 2017 nas bases de dados Scientific Eletronic Library Online, PubMed, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde e Base de Dados de Enfermagem. Foram encontrados 488 trabalhos científicos, entretanto, após a análise dos critérios de inclusão, foi eleita uma amostra de nove artigos que atenderam ao objetivo deste estudo. As atribuições assistenciais que emergiram da equipe de enfermagem na atenção paliativista foram: educação em saúde, banho, curativos, administração de medicamentos, passagem de sondas, controle e alívio dos sintomas de baixa complexidade com vistas à redução do sofrimento, esclarecimentos sobre a patologia ou complicações relacionadas ao adoecimento, promoção do autocuidado e prevenção de complicações. Percebe-se a necessidade de mais estudos que demonstrem as atribuições da equipe de enfermagem na APS, haja vista a mudança do perfil epidemiológico, o aumento da prevalência das doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT's), causas externas e câncer.

This study aimed to recognize the role of the Nursing team in providing palliative care to people served in the Primary Health Care (PHC) network. This is an integrative review, in which a search was conducted from January 2008 to September 2017 in the following databases: Scientific Electronic Library Online, PubMed, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences, and Nursing database. A total of 488 scientific papers were found. However, after analyzing the inclusion criteria, a sample of nine articles was chosen to meet this study's objective. The care assignments that emerged from the nursing team in palliative care were: health education, bathing, dressings, medication administration, the passage of tubes, control, and relief of low complexity symptoms to reduce suffering, clarification about the pathology or complications related to illness, promotion of self-care and prevention of complications. There is a need for more studies that demonstrate the attributions of the nursing team in PHC, given the change in the epidemiological profile, the increased prevalence of chronic non- communicable diseases (CNCDs), external causes, and cancer.

Women experiencing the intergenerationality of conjugal violence.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the family relationship, in childhood and adolescence, of women who experience conjugal violence. METHOD: qualitative study. Interviews were held with 19 women, who were experiencing conjugal violence, and who were resident in a community in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee (N. 42/2011). RESULTS: the data was organized using the Discourse of the Collective Subject, identifying the summary central ideas: they witnessed violence between their parents; they suffered repercussions from the violence between their parents: they were angry about the mother's submission to her partner; and they reproduced the conjugal violence. The discourse showed that the women witnessed, in childhood and adolescence, violence between their parents, and were injured both physically and psychologically. As a result of the mother's submission, feelings of anger arose in the children. However, in the adult phase of their own lives, they noticed that their conjugal life resembled that of their parents, reproducing the violence. CONCLUSION: investment is necessary in strategies designed to break inter-generational violence, and the health professionals are important in this process, as it is a phenomenon with repercussions in health. Because they work in the Family Health Strategy, which focuses on the prevention of harm and illness, health promotion and interdepartmentality, the nurses are essential in the process of preventing and confronting this phenomenon.

[Systematization of nursing assistance to patients with diabetes mellitus and chronic renal failure]. / Sistematização da assistência de enfermagem ao portador de diabetes mellitus e insuficiência renal crônica.

This is a clinical case study developed during the practical activities of the discipline Surgical Clinical Nursing I, of course of Graduation in Nursing of a public university of Bahia State, that aimed to report the application of the Systematization of Nursing Assistance in the assistance to a client whit Diabetes Mellitus and Chronic Renal Insufficiency. With the development of the study, especially after the positive improvement of the client, face to assistance planned and implemented and considering the reflections that emerged, it was possible to evidence the need for interface between Systematization of Nursing Assistance, the nursing staff and client in the care process, at the excellence and uniqueness of nursing care.