Does acquired obstructive azoospermia have less impact than congenital azoospermia on ICSI results? Systematic review and meta-analysis.

An electronic-based search was performed with MEDLINE bases through PubMed, Cochrane through Central, and Embase until August 2020 for the purpose of evaluating the impact of the aetiology of obstructive azoospermia on ICSI cycles. In the final analysis, there were 15 cohort studies included, comparing a group of patients with acquired azoospermia and others due to congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens submitted to ICSI. Those 15 articles within 4,480 couples were analysed, and similar fertilisation rate (65.1% vs. 65.3%; p = .38), pregnancy rate per cycle (40.0% vs. 43.1%; p = .06) and live birth rate (29.6% vs. 30.0%;p = .76) were found between groups. Comparing specifically post-vasectomy azoospermia and congenital groups, both presented a similar fertilisation rate (62.4% vs. 53.4%, respectively; OR 1.10; 95% CI, 0.79, 1.54; p = .56; I2  = 89%) and pregnancy rate per cycle (39.4% vs. 35.6%, respectively; OR 1.26; 95% CI, 0.96, 1.66; p = .09; I2  = 0%). However, a higher live birth rate was identified in the congenital group compared to vasectomy group (28.4% × 19.5%; OR 1.54; 95% CI, 1.11, 2.15; p = .01; I2  = 0%). The reasons for that are unclear and factors such as couple age and sperm DNA fragmentation should be considered.

Paget-von Schroetter syndrome: Case report.

INTRODUCTION: Paget-von Schroetter Syndrome is a rare condition, which refers to primary venous thrombosis of the subclavian-axillary bed. It is related to vigorous activities involving the upper limbs, presenting pain, edema and muscle swelling. Its diagnosis involves, besides the clinical suspicion, Doppler ultrasonography and should be performed early to ensure immediate treatment. The therapy is initially made with anticoagulation, but thrombolysis, decompression surgery, venolysis and venoplasty should be considered, which can lead to a better prognosis and lower risk of complications. CASE REPORT: This article refers to a report of a male patient, with a history of physical activity, who developed thrombosis in the left upper limb and evolved, after anticoagulant treatment, to post-thrombotic syndrome. DISCUSSION: Paget-von Schroetter syndrome can be asymptomatic, but common features include hyperemia, edema, heaviness and pain in the affected arm, usually 24 h after the initial event and may be accompanied by low fever. In diagnostic investigation, imaging exam is essential. Early diagnosis of the syndrome allows the early start of treatment, leading to better results and prognosis. CONCLUSION: Therefore, this study has the goal of making the diagnosis more effective and improves the clinical-surgical management, from the increase in the level of medical professionals' suspicion regarding the disease.

THE PANC 3 SCORE PREDICTING SEVERITY OF ACUTE PANCREATITIS.

BACKGROUND: About 20% of cases of acute pancreatitis progress to a severe form, leading to high mortality rates. Several studies suggested methods to identify patients that will progress more severely. However, most studies present problems when used on daily practice. OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of the PANC 3 score to predict acute pancreatitis severity and its relation to clinical outcome. METHODS: Acute pancreatitis patients were assessed as to sex, age, body mass index (BMI), etiology of pancreatitis, intensive care need, length of stay, length of stay in intensive care unit and mortality. The PANC 3 score was determined within the first 24 hours after diagnosis and compared to acute pancreatitis grade of the Revised Atlanta classification. RESULTS: Out of 64 patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis, 58 met the inclusion criteria. The PANC 3 score was positive in five cases (8.6%), pancreatitis progressed to a severe form in 10 cases (17.2%) and five patients (8.6%) died. Patients with a positive score and severe pancreatitis required intensive care more often, and stayed for a longer period in intensive care units. The PANC 3 score showed sensitivity of 50%, specificity of 100%, accuracy of 91.4%, positive predictive value of 100% and negative predictive value of 90.6% in prediction of severe acute pancreatitis. CONCLUSION: The PANC 3 score is useful to assess acute pancreatitis because it is easy and quick to use, has high specificity, high accuracy and high predictive value in prediction of severe acute pancreatitis.

AIR score assessment for acute appendicitis.

BACKGROUND: Acute appendicitis is the most common cause of acute abdomen. Approximately 7% of the population will be affected by this condition during full life. The development of AIR score may contribute to diagnosis associating easy clinical criteria and two simple laboratory tests. AIM: To evaluate the score AIR (Appendicitis Inflammatory Response score) as a tool for the diagnosis and prediction of severity of acute appendicitis. METHOD: Were evaluated all patients undergoing surgical appendectomy. From 273 patients, 126 were excluded due to exclusion criteria. All patients were submitted o AIR score. RESULTS: The value of the C-reactive protein and the percentage of leukocytes segmented blood count showed a direct relationship with the phase of acute appendicitis. CONCLUSION: As for the laboratory criteria, serum C-reactive protein and assessment of the percentage of the polymorphonuclear leukocytes count were important to diagnosis and disease stratification.

The panc 3 score predicting severity of acute pancreatitis / Escore panc 3 na predição da severidade de pancreatite aguda

Background: About 20% of cases of acute pancreatitis progress to a severe form, leading to high mortality rates. Several studies suggested methods to identify patients that will progress more severely. However, most studies present problems when used on daily practice. Objective: To assess the efficacy of the PANC 3 score to predict acute pancreatitis severity and its relation to clinical outcome. Methods: Acute pancreatitis patients were assessed as to sex, age, body mass index (BMI), etiology of pancreatitis, intensive care need, length of stay, length of stay in intensive care unit and mortality. The PANC 3 score was determined within the first 24 hours after diagnosis and compared to acute pancreatitis grade of the Revised Atlanta classification. Results: Out of 64 patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis, 58 met the inclusion criteria. The PANC 3 score was positive in five cases (8.6%), pancreatitis progressed to a severe form in 10 cases (17.2%) and five patients (8.6%) died. Patients with a positive score and severe pancreatitis required intensive care more often, and stayed for a longer period in intensive care units. The PANC 3 score showed sensitivity of 50%, specificity of 100%, accuracy of 91.4%, positive predictive value of 100% and negative predictive value of 90.6% in prediction of severe acute pancreatitis. Conclusion: The PANC 3 score is useful to assess acute pancreatitis because it is easy and quick to use, has high specificity, high accuracy and high predictive value in prediction of severe acute pancreatitis.

Racional: Cerca de 20% dos casos de pancreatite aguda evoluem de forma severa, acompanhados de alta mortalidade. Diversos estudos têm sugerido métodos para identificar pacientes que evoluirão com maior gravidade. Entretanto, a maioria apresenta problemas em sua utilização na prática diária. Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia do escore PANC 3 na predição da severidade da pancreatite aguda e sua relação com o desfecho clínico. Métodos: Pacientes com pancreatite aguda foram avaliados quanto ao sexo, idade, índice de massa corporal (IMC), etiologia da pancreatite, necessidade de cuidados intensivos, tempo de internação hospitalar, período necessário de cuidados intensivos e mortalidade. O escore PANC 3 foi determinado nas primeiras 24 h do diagnóstico e comparado ao grau de pancreatite aguda da classificação de Atlanta Revisada. Resultados: Dos sessenta e quatro pacientes, cinquenta e oito preencheram os critérios necessários para inclusão no estudo. O escore PANC 3 foi positivo em cinco casos (8,6%), a pancreatite evoluiu de forma severa em 10 (17,2%) e 5 (8,6%) faleceram. Pacientes com escore positivo e pancreatite severa, necessitaram mais frequentemente de cuidados intensivos e, quando necessitaram, permaneceram por período maior nas unidades de cuidados intensivos. O escore PANC 3 demonstrou sensibilidade de 50%, especificidade de 100%, acurácia de 91,4%, valor preditivo positivo de 100% e valor preditivo negativo de 90,6% na predição de pancreatite aguda severa. Conclusão: O escore PANC 3 é útil na abordagem da pancreatite aguda, por ser de fácil e rápida aplicação, apresentar alta especificidade, alta acurácia e alto valor preditivo na predição da pancreatite aguda severa.

AIR SCORE ASSESSMENT FOR ACUTE APPENDICITIS / AVALIAÇÃO DO ESCORE DE AIR PARA APENDICITE AGUDA

Background:Acute appendicitis is the most common cause of acute abdomen. Approximately 7% of the population will be affected by this condition during full life. The development of AIR score may contribute to diagnosis associating easy clinical criteria and two simple laboratory tests.Aim:To evaluate the score AIR (Appendicitis Inflammatory Response score) as a tool for the diagnosis and prediction of severity of acute appendicitis.Method:Were evaluated all patients undergoing surgical appendectomy. From 273 patients, 126 were excluded due to exclusion criteria. All patients were submitted o AIR score.Results:The value of the C-reactive protein and the percentage of leukocytes segmented blood count showed a direct relationship with the phase of acute appendicitis.Conclusion:As for the laboratory criteria, serum C-reactive protein and assessment of the percentage of the polymorphonuclear leukocytes count were important to diagnosis and disease stratification.

Racional:A apendicite aguda é a causa mais frequente de abdome agudo. Aproximadamente 7% da população será acometida por ela durante a vida. O desenvolvimento do escore Appendicitis Inflammatory Response (AIR) contribui para o diagnóstico através de critérios clínicos de fácil aplicabilidade e dois exames laboratoriais simples.Objetivo:Avaliar os critérios de AIR como ferramenta para o diagnóstico e predição da gravidade dos casos de apendicite aguda.Método:Foram avaliados todos os pacientes submetidos à apendicectomia. Do total de 273 pacientes 126 foram excluídos devido ao não cumprimento dos critérios de inclusão. Todos foram submetidos ao escore.Resultados:Quanto ao escore de AIR todos os pacientes do estudo se alocaram nos subgrupos de moderada (65,3%) e alta probabilidade (34,7%) para apendicite aguda. O valor da proteína C reativa e a porcentagem de segmentados no leucograma apresentaram relação direta com a fase da apendicite aguda.Conclusão:A dosagem sérica da proteína C reativa e avaliação do percentual de segmentados no leucograma mostraram ser importantes para o diagnóstico e a estratificação da fase evolutiva da doença.