RESUMEN
Twelve new ent-labdane diterpenoids, hypofolins A - F (1 - 6) and hypofolins G - L (7a/7b, 8a/8b, and 9a/9b), were isolated from the roots of Hypoestes phyllostachya 'Pink Splash'. Their structures were elucidated by extensive 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopic and HR-MS data. The absolute configurations of 1, 2, 5, and 7a/7b were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction and ECD analysis, as well as chemical transformations. Compounds 7a/7b, 8a/8b, and 9a/9b were isolated as three pairs of interconverting mixture of two isomers between ketone and hemiketal types. Compound 1 showed weak cytotoxicity against SMMC-7721 cell line with IC50 value of 31.40 µm.
Asunto(s)
Acanthaceae/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/farmacología , Diterpenos/farmacología , Raíces de Plantas/química , Animales , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/aislamiento & purificación , Línea Celular Tumoral , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Diterpenos/química , Diterpenos/aislamiento & purificación , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Ensayos de Selección de Medicamentos Antitumorales , Humanos , Lipopolisacáridos/antagonistas & inhibidores , Lipopolisacáridos/farmacología , Ratones , Estructura Molecular , Óxido Nítrico/antagonistas & inhibidores , Óxido Nítrico/biosíntesis , Células RAW 264.7 , Relación Estructura-ActividadRESUMEN
In this study, impacts of O3 on four cultivars ('Rose', 'Pink', 'Blush' and 'White') of the polka dot plant with variegated leaves were investigated for the first time. Ozone fumigation [(120 ± 20 ppb) for 14 days (8 h day-1, from 8:30 to 16:30)] resulted in visible foliar injuries, decreased contents of pigments (chlorophyll a and b, and carotenoid), the inhibition of photosynthesis, the increase of quantum yield of non-regulated heat dissipation and fluorescence emission (Y(NO)), and the damage of cell membrane. Elevated O3 increased the content of anthocyanin (Ant). 'White' showed the highest, and 'Rose' the lowest amount of injured leaf area, indicating that the former was the most sensitive, and the latter the most tolerant to O3 stress. After O3 exposure, the highest Ant content was found in 'Rose', followed by 'Pink', 'Blush', and 'White'. Levels of Ant were likely responsible for the different sensitivities to O3 due to their roles in photoprotection.
Asunto(s)
Acanthaceae/efectos de los fármacos , Contaminantes Atmosféricos/toxicidad , Ozono/toxicidad , Hojas de la Planta/efectos de los fármacos , Acanthaceae/metabolismo , Clorofila/análisis , Clorofila/metabolismo , Clorofila A , Fluorometría , Fotosíntesis/efectos de los fármacos , Pigmentos Biológicos/metabolismo , Hojas de la Planta/metabolismo , Especificidad de la EspecieRESUMEN
Objective To study the chemical constituents from the aerial parts of Hypoestes phyllostachya. Methods The compounds were isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography, MCI, and HPLC. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis. Results Eighteen compounds were isolated from 95% ethanol aqueous extract of H. phyllostachya and the structures were identified as (3R,6R,7E)-3-hydroxy-megastigma-4,7-dien-9-one (1), (3S)-3-hydroxy-β-ionone (2), (3S,5R,6S,7E)-5,6-epoxy-3- hydroxy-megastigma-7-en-9-one (3), grasshopper ketone (4), vomifoliol (5), (+)-dehydrovomifoliol (6), loliolide (7), 2,6-dimethyl- 2E,7-octadien-1,6-diol (8), bifurcanol (9), (12S)-hydroxygeranylgeraniol (10), nectandrin B (11), N-trans-feruloyltyramine (12), syringylethanone (13), paeonol (14), vanillin (15), dehydrozingerone (16), 2-hydroxybenzyl alcohol (17), and (2E)-4-hydroxy-2- hexenoic acid (18). Conclusion All compounds are isolated from this plant for the first time.