Endometriosis, pregnancy and delivery complications: Evidence from the US nationwide inpatient sample 2005-2018.

OBJECTIVE: Endometriosis is associated with higher risk of ectopic pregnancy, premature delivery, miscarriage, and other adverse maternal and fetal complications. This study aimed to assess the impact of endometriosis on maternal and fetal outcomes of singleton pregnancies in a large nationally representative database. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This population-based, retrospective observational study extracted the data of women aged 20-49 years with singleton, spontaneously conceived pregnancies from the US Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database from 2005 to 2018. Included subjects were divided into those with ICD codes for endometriosis and those without (non-endometriosis group). Data of maternal and fetal outcomes were compared between groups and analyzed using regression analysis. RESULTS: After excluding 17,124 women who conceived with assisted reproductive technology (ART), 162,155 women with multiple pregnancies, and 27,847 with abnormal trend weight values (TRENDWT), a total of 8,584,269 women were eligible. After propensity score matching (PMS) case-control 1:4 by age, 45,560 remained (9112 (0.1%) with endometriosis, 36,448 without) and were included in the analysis. The mean age of women before matching was 28.7 years, and 30.5 years after matching. The most common comorbidity was chronic pulmonary disease (3.6%). Smoking frequency was higher in women with endometriosis compared to those without (4.8% vs. 2.4%). Multivariable analysis adjusted for confounders revealed that endometriosis was associated with significantly higher risk of maternal complications, including pre-eclampsia and eclampsia, antepartum hemorrhage, placenta previa, Cesarean delivery, post-partum hemorrhage, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), transfusion, hemoperitoneum, and hospital stays ≥6 days. For fetal outcomes, endometriosis was associated with higher risk of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), premature birth, birth defects and abortion. CONCLUSION: Endometriosis during pregnancy is associated with maternal and fetal complications. Study findings may serve as a benchmark for expanding medical assistance for endometriosis-affected pregnant women.

Antepartum Emergency Department Use and Associations with Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes in a Large Hospital System.

Objectives: Prenatal care in the United States has remained unchanged for decades, with pregnant patients often experiencing high rates of hospital emergency department (ED) visits. It is unknown how many of these ED visits are potentially preventable with better access to timely and effective outpatient or home prenatal care. This multihospital health system quality improvement study was undertaken to analyze patient risk factors for acute antepartum hospital use as well as associations with adverse maternal and neonatal birth outcomes. Methods: The retrospective cohort study analyzed electronic health record and administrative data on ED visits in the 270 days before a delivery admission for alive, singleton births at nine system hospitals over 52 months. We use logistic regression to estimate the likelihood of hospital use by patient demographic and clinical characteristics and present the association of acute antepartum hospital use with maternal and neonatal birth outcomes. Results: Overall, 17.5% of 68,200 patients had antepartum ED visits, including 248 inpatient admissions, with significant variation between hospitals. As compared to non-Hispanic white patients, Hispanic and especially non-Hispanic Black and Medicaid patients had significantly higher odds of acute antepartum hospital use as did patients with preexisting conditions. Birth outcomes were significantly (p < 0.01) worse among individuals with antepartum hospital utilization. Conclusion: Acute antepartum hospital use was concentrated among lower income, minority patients, and those with chronic conditions with significant variation across system hospitals. There is a need for research into innovations in prenatal care that are best at reaching our most vulnerable patients, reducing preventable hospital utilization, and improving birth outcomes.

Endometritis puerperal en nuestro medio / Postpartum endometritis incidence and risk factors

la infección genital postparto causa importante morbimortalidad. Se realizó un estudio de cohortes prospectivo observacional, que incluyó pacientes con parto vaginal o abdominal desde 19/04/2010 hasta 19/07/2010, para determinar la incidencia de endometritis y delimitar la población en riesgo. Se definió endometritis con al menos 2 de los siguientes: temperatura >38ºC, dolor uterino, dolor abdominal, loquios fétidos o ecografía patológica, sin otra causa de infección. Se registraron 1.472 partos. La inicidencia global de endometritis fue 2,5% (IC95%: 1,7-3,3); en partos vaginales 1,4% (IC95%: 0,7 - 2,1) y abdominales 4,8% (IC95%: 2,9-6,8). la diferencia fue estadísticamente significativa (p<0,001). En el análisis multivariado los factores de riesgo independientemente asociados fueron edad menor a 20 años y parto abdominal. Se descartó colinealidad entre ambas variables. Parto abdominal fue el único factor modificable. En este sentido deberían dirigirse las medidas de prevención y vigilancia.

Postpartum infection is cause of morbidity and mortality. To determine the incidence of postpartum endometritis and define the population at risk we performed a prospective observational study that included all the patients admitted for delivery to the Maternity service between 19/04/2010 and 19/07/2010. Endometritis was defined by at least two of the sequent: temperature >38ºC, uterine and lower abdominal pain, abnormal vaginal or cervical discharge or transvaginal ultrasound pathological findings. We registered 1,472 deliveries. Global incidence of postpartum endometritis was 2.5 % (95% Cl: 1.7-3.3); for spontaneous labor it was 1.4% (95% Cl:-2.1) and for cesarean deliveries 4.8% (95 %CL: 2.9-6.8) and this difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). Independent risk factors were age of 20 years or less and cesrean delivery. There was no colineality between both variables. Cesarean delivery was found the only modifiable risk factor for endometritis.