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1.
J Clin Ultrasound ; 52(4): 473-477, 2024 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38288546

RESUMEN

A rare case of unicornuate uterus with interstitial ectopic pregnancy was diagnosed using three-dimensional transvaginal ultrasound (3D-TVUS). The ultrasound revealed a "lancet-shaped" endometrial corona, a gestational sac near the uterus base extending toward the uterine serosa, and visible interstitial lines. The patient underwent laparoscopic surgery for a lesion in the right fallopian tube. 3D-TVUS was crucial in precisely locating the gestational sac, aiding in effective treatment. Interstitial ectopic pregnancies risk severe hemorrhaging upon rupture. Rapid, accurate diagnosis is vital for lifesaving treatment and preventing critical complications.


Asunto(s)
Imagenología Tridimensional , Embarazo Intersticial , Útero , Útero/anomalías , Humanos , Femenino , Embarazo , Útero/diagnóstico por imagen , Útero/cirugía , Imagenología Tridimensional/métodos , Adulto , Embarazo Intersticial/diagnóstico por imagen , Embarazo Intersticial/cirugía , Anomalías Urogenitales/diagnóstico por imagen , Anomalías Urogenitales/cirugía , Anomalías Urogenitales/complicaciones , Ultrasonografía Prenatal/métodos , Laparoscopía/métodos
2.
J Ultrasound Med ; 42(4): 915-922, 2023 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36173144

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: What is the role of transvaginal sonography (TVS) in the early diagnosis of hectopic interstitial pregnancy (HIP) after in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET)? METHODS: A retrospective observational study was conducted from January 2005 to December 2018. Routine two-dimensional and three-dimensional TVS were used to confirm clinical pregnancy. Women were diagnosed with HIP when an intrauterine gestational sac was combined with an extrauterine chorionic sac, which was at least 1 cm away from the uterine cavity and surrounded by a thin myometrial layer (<5 mm). Surgery and pathology results were the gold standard for diagnosing interstitial pregnancy. Non-surgical patients were excluded from the study. The performance of TVS and the pregnancy outcomes of intrauterine pregnancies (IUPs) were evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 97,161 women underwent IVF treatment and TVS examinations in our hospital during this study. Of these, 194 patients were diagnosed with HIP, with an incidence of 0.2% (194/97,161). Surgical and pathological findings confirmed 179 interstitial pregnancies, of which 174 were diagnosed by TVS, 4 were missed, and 1 was misdiagnosed. The sensitivity of TVS diagnosis was 97.8% and the positive predictive value was 99.4%. The mean time to diagnosis was 31 days after transplantation. One hundred and thirty-nine cases of HIP (77.7%) were diagnosed at the time of initial TVS examination. In 132 patients (73.7%), IUPs resulted in live births. CONCLUSIONS: In our practice, most HIPs following IVF-ET can be accurately diagnosed by TVS, which facilitates early management of interstitial pregnancies and enables high live birth rates for IUPs.


Asunto(s)
Embarazo Heterotópico , Embarazo Intersticial , Embarazo , Humanos , Femenino , Embarazo Intersticial/diagnóstico por imagen , Ultrasonografía Prenatal/métodos , Transferencia de Embrión , Diagnóstico Precoz , Estudios Retrospectivos , Fertilización In Vitro , Embarazo Heterotópico/diagnóstico por imagen
3.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth ; 22(1): 133, 2022 Feb 18.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35180849

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: In clinical practice it is an ongoing challenge to distinguish between angular pregnancy and interstitial pregnancy. With the three-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) being increasingly used, it is worth exploring its role in differentiating angular pregnancy from interstitial pregnancy. This study aims to investigate how 3D MRI can help reveal the differences between these two special pregnancies in the early diagnosis. METHODS: We reviewed and analyzed the 3D MRI images of 50 patients with interstitial pregnancy and 55 patients with angular pregnancy retrospectively. Imaging features were identified to compare these two special pregnancies, and the ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) analysis was conducted to assess the diagnostic performance. RESULTS: The significant differences of the 3D MRI imaging features between interstitial pregnancy and angular pregnancy were found in the outline of uterus cavity (p < 0.001), involvement of junctional zone (p < 0.001), the signal of surroundings (p = 0.005), the relationship with round ligament (p = 0.042), and the overlying myometrial thickness (p = 0.041). Furthermore, the multivariate logistic regression analysis identified a series of significant indicators for angular pregnancy, including the junctional zone involvement, being-surrounded by hyper/iso-intensity on 3D images, and the asymmetric outline of uterus cavity. Combining these three imaging features, the AUC (Area under the Curve) of ROC curve was 0.87 in distinguishing interstitial pregnancy from angular pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that 3D MRI can help distinguish angular pregnancy from interstitial pregnancy in clinical practice, with the advantages that conventional MRI or ultrasound does not have. Through the significant image features, 3D MRI plays an important role in improving the timing of diagnosis, avoiding unnecessary interventions, and preventing hemorrhage in clinical practice.


Asunto(s)
Imagenología Tridimensional , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Embarazo Angular/diagnóstico por imagen , Embarazo Angular/diagnóstico , Embarazo Intersticial/diagnóstico por imagen , Embarazo Intersticial/diagnóstico , Adulto , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Embarazo , Curva ROC , Estudios Retrospectivos
4.
Ceska Gynekol ; 87(6): 408-411, 2022.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36543588

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: A case report of a patient with interstitial pregnancy and a history of hyperprolactinemia. CASE REPORT: A 30-year-old woman was hospitalized for a suspicion of ectopic pregnancy and referred for laparoscopy. During the laparoscopic surgery, interstitial pregnancy was dia-gnosed and solved with cornuostomy. CONCLUSION: Ectopic interstitial pregnancy represents a serious worldwide issue because unrecognized, it can endanger a womans life, despite advances in ultrasound examination, the dia-gnosis often remains inaccurate. Laparoscopic surgical approach with evacuation of pregnancy with subsequent uterus suture represents one of the possible approaches. This method is minimally invasive and safe.


Asunto(s)
Laparoscopía , Embarazo Intersticial , Embarazo , Femenino , Humanos , Adulto , Embarazo Intersticial/diagnóstico por imagen , Embarazo Intersticial/cirugía , Útero , Ultrasonografía
5.
J Obstet Gynaecol Res ; 46(3): 531-535, 2020 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31814216

RESUMEN

Nontubal ectopic pregnancies present as a therapeutic challenge. A 35-year-old primigravida at 7 weeks gestation had a live interstitial ectopic pregnancy and contraindications to surgery. The patient was treated with a multidose methotrexate regimen combined with oral gefitinib (250 mg daily for 7 days). The peak human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) of the patient was recorded at 19 510 IU/L and began declining from day 4 of combination therapy (day 6 of initial treatment). Successful resolution of the ectopic was demonstrated by cessation of the fetal heart by day 15 and hCG falling to 23 IU/L by day 42. A 10-year review of all nontubal ectopic pregnancies treated with methotrexate identified 46 cases, which had a comparable time to resolution to combination therapy. However, for cases where cardiac activity was present, the median time to resolution following methotrexate treatment was 64 days (47-87 days), 22 days longer than combination therapy. Combination therapy may provide a safe medical treatment for inoperable nontubal ectopic pregnancy.


Asunto(s)
Abortivos no Esteroideos/uso terapéutico , Gefitinib/uso terapéutico , Metotrexato/uso terapéutico , Embarazo Intersticial/tratamiento farmacológico , Adulto , Quimioterapia Combinada , Femenino , Humanos , Embarazo , Embarazo Intersticial/diagnóstico por imagen , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Ultrasonografía Prenatal
7.
Ir Med J ; 117(7): 997, 2024 08 22.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39186041

RESUMEN

Presentation A 44 year old, grandmultiparous woman was reviewed in the early pregnancy clinic for a history indicated early reassurance ultrasound. Diagnosis Early pregnancy ultrasound findings were suggestive of a tubal ectopic pregnancy. A diagnostic laparoscopy and uterine curettage were both negative. A subsequent transvaginal ultrasound confirmed a non-viable interstitial ectopic pregnancy. Treatment Conservative management was employed as she remained haemodynamically stable with reducing serum ßhCG. Following ten weeks, her serum ßhCG normalised and she was discharged. Discussion IEP poses diagnostic and management complexities. Delayed diagnosis leads to elevated risks. Management options include surgical (laparotomy, uterine wedge resection) and non-surgical approaches (medical and conservative). Earlier diagnosis of smaller, stable cases facilitates medical management, while non-viable cases can be conservatively managed. This case emphasizes the importance of prompt recognition and tailored interventions to enhance patient outcomes.


Asunto(s)
Embarazo Intersticial , Humanos , Femenino , Embarazo , Embarazo Intersticial/diagnóstico , Embarazo Intersticial/terapia , Embarazo Intersticial/cirugía , Embarazo Intersticial/diagnóstico por imagen , Adulto , Embarazo Ectópico/diagnóstico , Embarazo Ectópico/terapia
8.
J Obstet Gynaecol Res ; 44(10): 1999-2002, 2018 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30051638

RESUMEN

Interstitial and angular pregnancies are rare and have high rates of morbidity and mortality. These terms continue to create confusion and are frequently misused. The standardization of terminology and differentiation of cases is necessary to distinguish between different outcomes. This article aims to report one case of angular and another case of interstitial pregnancies and to discuss clinical and radiological characteristics, prognosis and treatment. These pathologies continue to be confused with each other and with ectopic pregnancy tubal. Therefore, correct diagnosis facilitates appropriate management.


Asunto(s)
Embarazo Angular , Embarazo Intersticial , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Embarazo , Embarazo Angular/diagnóstico por imagen , Embarazo Angular/patología , Embarazo Angular/cirugía , Embarazo Intersticial/diagnóstico por imagen , Embarazo Intersticial/patología , Embarazo Intersticial/cirugía
9.
J Obstet Gynaecol Can ; 39(8): 627-634, 2017 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28729096

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: Differentiation of an eccentric intrauterine pregnancy (IUP) from an interstitial ectopic pregnancy (EP) is challenging. No sign for differentiation is reported. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the presence of surrounding endometrium (SE) can distinguish eccentric IUP from interstitial EP. METHODS: This study was approved by the institutional ethics board; consent acquisition was waived. Cases were identified using ultrasound (US) reports that included the words "interstitial," "cornual," and "angular." Blinded to official reports, one reviewer reviewed US examinations retrospectively for the presence of SE, defined as the extension of endometrial lining around the gestational sac (GS) as an indication of an eccentric IUP. US examinations without SE on the retrospective review were diagnosed as interstitial EP. RESULTS: Forty-four cases were identified from 2007 to 2015. On retrospective review, 20 cases were labeled as eccentric IUP and 24 as interstitial EP. Ten of the 20 cases retrospectively labeled as eccentric IUP had been reported and managed as eccentric IUP prospectively: four followed to a viable second trimester, and six had spontaneous abortion/termination. The remaining 10 cases retrospectively labeled eccentric IUPs because of the presence of SE had been reported and managed as interstitial EP on the official prospective report. There was follow-up suggestion of eccentric IUP in six of the latter discordant pregnancies with non-concordant retrospective and prospective diagnosis: three had hysteroscopy/curettage demonstrating retained products, two had US follow-up showing the GS moving farther down in the uterine cavity, and in one patient, the GS was shown to pass per vagina. Twenty-four of the 44 cases were called interstitial EP both on the retrospective and prospective reviews and were managed as interstitial EP. None of these patients (without SE) had follow-up suggestive of eccentric IUP. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that the presence of surrounding endometrium around the GS allows for differentiation of eccentric IUP from interstitial EP.


Asunto(s)
Endometrio/diagnóstico por imagen , Saco Gestacional/diagnóstico por imagen , Embarazo Angular/diagnóstico por imagen , Embarazo Cornual/diagnóstico por imagen , Embarazo Intersticial/diagnóstico por imagen , Adulto , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Femenino , Humanos , Embarazo , Embarazo Ectópico/diagnóstico por imagen , Estudios Retrospectivos , Ultrasonografía Prenatal
10.
Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol ; 43(6): 899-901, 2016.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29944249

RESUMEN

Interstitial pregnancy is an uncommon condition that is challenging, not only in making an accurate diagnosis, but also in the choice of treatment. Systemic methotrexate (MTX) treatment has been favored to prevent scarring of the uterus. Nevertheless, surgery is generally indicated when this treatment fails. Transvaginal aspiration of the gestational tissue has been proposed as an alternative to surgery. The authors present a case of interstitial pregnancy in which the patient failed to respond to multidose MTX treatment and was successfully treated with transvaginal sonography-guided transvaginal aspiration of the gestational tissue, thereby bypassing the risk associated with undergoing major surgery. Transvaginal aspiration of conceptive tissue may be a novel treatment for patients with unruptured interstitial pregnancy.


Asunto(s)
Embarazo Intersticial/cirugía , Succión/métodos , Abortivos no Esteroideos/uso terapéutico , Adulto , Cicatriz/prevención & control , Femenino , Humanos , Metotrexato/uso terapéutico , Embarazo , Embarazo Intersticial/diagnóstico por imagen , Embarazo Intersticial/tratamiento farmacológico , Cirugía Asistida por Computador , Insuficiencia del Tratamiento , Ultrasonografía
11.
J Obstet Gynaecol Res ; 41(9): 1384-93, 2015 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26179819

RESUMEN

AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the diagnosis and management of suspicious unruptured interstitial pregnancy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Only patients with unruptured interstitial pregnancy evaluated by MRI and observed for at least a year after surgery were included. Initial evaluation was performed by measurement of serum ß-human chorionic gonadotrophin level and ultrasonography. In suspicious cases, emergency MRI was performed to diagnose interstitial pregnancies with the exclusion of rudimentary horn pregnancy and angular pregnancy. Three-dimensional computed tomographic (CT) angiography was additionally performed if the uteroplacental neovascularization needed to be evaluated. Then, management procedures were individually determined along with the need for preoperative transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for immediate devascularization, and for the local or systemic administration of methotrexate. Either laparoscopic cornuostomy or cornual resection was chosen to excise the gestational mass. RESULTS: Five consecutive women with unruptured interstitial pregnancy were enrolled. One case each of rudimentary horn pregnancy and angular pregnancy was excluded. Three-dimensional CT angiography was performed in three cases due to increased vascular flow on color Doppler ultrasonography. Preoperative devascularization by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization was performed in two cases, in which a prominent neovascularized gestational mass was identified. Uterine preservation was achieved by cornuostomy or cornual resection in all cases. Two patients with a desire to become pregnant conceived spontaneously thereafter, followed by successful cesarean birth. CONCLUSION: This small case series emphasizes that precise localization of gestational products in the interstitial portion of the fallopian tube by MRI can facilitate the minimally invasive management of unruptured interstitial pregnancy for uterine preservation.


Asunto(s)
Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Embarazo Intersticial/diagnóstico por imagen , Abortivos no Esteroideos/uso terapéutico , Adulto , Gonadotropina Coriónica/sangre , Femenino , Humanos , Laparoscopía , Metotrexato/uso terapéutico , Embarazo , Embarazo Intersticial/sangre , Embarazo Intersticial/terapia , Estudios Retrospectivos , Ultrasonografía Doppler en Color
12.
J Clin Ultrasound ; 43(7): 447-50, 2015 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25042069

RESUMEN

Early recognition and timely treatment of an interstitial pregnancy is imperative to avoid the high morbidity and mortality of this type of ectopic pregnancy. We report a case of twin interstitial pregnancy that was initially missed on initial sonogram and was subsequently recognized at our institution by transvaginal sonography. The patient underwent open laparoscopic surgery with cornual wedge resection but suffered infundibulopelvic ligament hemorrhage and subsequently required ipsilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. She did well and was discharged home a day later.


Asunto(s)
Embarazo Intersticial/diagnóstico por imagen , Embarazo Gemelar , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Femenino , Humanos , Laparoscopía , Ovariectomía , Embarazo , Embarazo Intersticial/cirugía , Ultrasonografía
14.
Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol ; 54(6): 576-80, 2014 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25338827

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: In the last three decades, systemic methotrexate (MTX) has become widely accepted as the primary treatment for unruptured tubal pregnancy. This has prompted investigations into the use of MTX in the management of interstitial pregnancy. AIM: To determine the effectiveness of methotrexate for treatment of interstitial pregnancy. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 17 haemodynamically stable women admitted to our tertiary, university-affiliated medical centre with an intact interstitial pregnancy from January 2003 through February 2013. First-line treatment consisted of intramuscular MTX 1 mg/kg/day x4 alternating with folinic acid 0.1 mg/kg or, in cases of low beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (ß-hCG) and no embryonic pole, one dose of 50 mg/m(2) body surface area. Uterine artery MTX injection was administered on the ipsilateral side of the pregnancy followed by uterine artery embolisation as second-line treatment. Failure criteria were <15% decrease in ß-hCG or sonographic evidence of pregnancy development. Second-line failures were referred for surgery. RESULTS: Twelve women (70.5%) underwent successful first-line treatment and 5 (29.5%) required second-line treatment. Baseline characteristics were similar except for a higher rate of two previous ectopic pregnancies in the first-line failures (80% versus 8.3%, P = 0.01). Two women eventually required surgery, both with two previous ectopic pregnancies. Of the three women with fetal cardiac activity on admission, two had successful first-line treatment and one required surgery. CONCLUSION: Systemic MTX is effective for treatment of intact interstitial pregnancy in haemodynamically stable women. The success rate is increased with uterine artery MTX injection as second-line treatment.


Asunto(s)
Abortivos no Esteroideos/uso terapéutico , Metotrexato/uso terapéutico , Embarazo Intersticial/terapia , Embolización de la Arteria Uterina , Abortivos no Esteroideos/administración & dosificación , Adulto , Gonadotropina Coriónica Humana de Subunidad beta/sangre , Femenino , Humanos , Inyecciones Intraarteriales , Inyecciones Intramusculares , Leucovorina/uso terapéutico , Metotrexato/administración & dosificación , Embarazo , Embarazo Intersticial/sangre , Embarazo Intersticial/diagnóstico por imagen , Recurrencia , Retratamiento , Estudios Retrospectivos , Insuficiencia del Tratamiento , Ultrasonografía , Arteria Uterina , Complejo Vitamínico B/uso terapéutico
15.
BMJ Case Rep ; 16(4)2023 Apr 26.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37185311

RESUMEN

An ectopic pregnancy (EP) occurs when the fertilised ovum implants outside the endometrial cavity. An EP has an incidence of 1%, with the majority occurring in the fallopian tube. It has a maternal mortality of 0.2 per 1000, with about two-thirds of these deaths associated with substandard care. An interstitial pregnancy occurs when the EP implants in the interstitial part of the fallopian tube. An interstitial ectopic pregnancy (IEP) shows few early clinical symptoms, hence it is associated with serious or fatal bleeding and a mortality rate up to 2.5%. With the advent of transvaginal ultrasound scan (TV USS), correlated with serum beta human chorionic gonadotropin (BHCG) assay, earlier diagnosis of an EP can be established. An EP is often diagnosed in women who are trying to conceive; therefore, the prognosis of future fertility is one of the main concerns associated with this diagnosis. Management can be surgical, expectant or medical with methotrexate (MTX). However, the best approach is tailored to the woman's individual case. The authors present the case of a primigravida woman presenting with abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding at 6 weeks gestation following assisted reproduction. Her BHCG showed a suboptimal rise. Her TV USS showed no evidence of an intrauterine pregnancy. There was no evidence of an adnexal mass or free fluid. As her BHCG remained static, she underwent a diagnostic laparoscopy. A right sided IEP was identified. Due to the high risk of bleeding requiring transfusion or hysterectomy and her desire to preserve her fertility, she received medical management with MTX. Indeed, research has shown that women successfully managed expectantly achieve better reproductive outcomes, with the shortest time to achieve a subsequent intrauterine pregnancy. This case acts as a cautionary reminder of the challenges associated with identifying an IEP on TV USS. A high index of clinical suspicion is required to prevent maternal morbidity and mortality.


Asunto(s)
Metotrexato , Embarazo Intersticial , Embarazo , Femenino , Humanos , Metotrexato/uso terapéutico , Embarazo Intersticial/diagnóstico por imagen , Embarazo Intersticial/tratamiento farmacológico , Gonadotropina Coriónica Humana de Subunidad beta , Trompas Uterinas , Útero
16.
Fertil Steril ; 119(4): 699-700, 2023 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36738775

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To present a multidisciplinary approach to localize and resect suspected interstitial ectopic pregnancies. Interstitial ectopic pregnancies are distinct from eccentric intracavitary pregnancies and are defined by ultrasound-based criteria, including an empty uterine cavity, gestational sac located >1 cm from the cavity, thin overlying myometrium <5 mm, and the interstitial line sign. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: Academic medical center. PATIENT(S): Here, we present the case of a 28-year-old patient at 6 weeks of gestation by last menstrual period who presented to the emergency department with spotting. Initial pelvic ultrasound findings demonstrated a gestational sac and yolk sac that were believed to be located eccentrically within the uterine cavity. Follow-up imaging was performed 2 weeks later that revealed the pregnancy was located at the uterotubal junction and distinct from the endometrial cavity, consistent with an interstitial ectopic. The patient had ongoing light spotting with mild cramping, a benign clinical exam, and normal laboratory findings. Accurate assessment of pregnancy location is critical given that the mortality rate from interstitial pregnancies is twice that of other ectopics. In contrast, live birth rates for eccentric intracavitary pregnancies may be up to 69%, and some clinicians consider expectant management of asymptomatic patients in the first trimester. INTERVENTION: The patient was recommended for inpatient admission with expedited surgical management of interstitial ectopic pregnancy. On laparoscopic entry, the pregnancy was not well-visualized because it did not deform the uterine serosa. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: We present a surgical approach to suspected interstitial ectopic pregnancy that is not well-visualized at the time of laparoscopy. RESULTS: The following principles are explored: the use of multiple minimally invasive modalities (laparoscopy and hysteroscopy) to perform a thorough evaluation of the pregnancy location; incorporation of intraoperative ultrasound; temporary vessel ligation and injection of intramyometrial vasopressin; complete enucleation of the products of conception; and closure of the myometrial defect. CONCLUSION: We emphasize the benefits of a multidisciplinary approach for the localization and resection of interstitial ectopic pregnancy. This patient was discharged home in good condition with no complications.


Asunto(s)
Laparoscopía , Embarazo Intersticial , Femenino , Embarazo , Humanos , Adulto , Embarazo Intersticial/diagnóstico por imagen , Embarazo Intersticial/cirugía , Histeroscopía , Laparoscopía/métodos , Ultrasonografía
17.
Fertil Steril ; 119(5): 889-891, 2023 05.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36878348

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To perform laparoscopic salpingectomy, including the entire interstitial portion of the fallopian tube, in the management of interstitial pregnancy. DESIGN: A step-by-step explanation of the surgical procedure using video with narration. SETTING: Obstetrics and Gynecology department of a hospital. PATIENT(S): A 23-year-old woman, gravida 1 para 0, presented asymptomatically to our hospital to undergo a pregnancy test. Her last menstrual period had occurred 6 weeks previously. Transvaginal ultrasound showed an empty uterine cavity and a right interstitial mass of 3.2 × 2.6 × 2.5 cm. It contained a chorionic sac and an embryonic bud of 0.2 cm long with a heartbeat and the presence of an "interstitial line sign." The myometrial layer surrounding the chorionic sac was 1 mm. The patient's beta-human chorionic gonadotropin level was 10,123 mIU/mL. INTERVENTION(S): On the basis of the anatomy of the interstitial portion of the fallopian tube, we treated interstitial pregnancy using laparoscopic salpingectomy, with complete removal of the interstitial portion containing the product of conception. The interstitial fallopian tube originates at the tubal ostium and follows a tortuous intramural course, progressing laterally away from the uterine cavity toward the isthmic portion. It is lined by muscular layers and an inner epithelium layer. The main blood supply of the interstitial portion is from the uterine artery's ascending branches to the fundus, extending a branch that supplies the cornu and the interstitial portion. Our approach has 3 key steps: 1) dissecting and coagulating the branch extending from the ascending branches to the fundus of the uterine artery, 2) incising the cornual serosa at the junction of the purple-blue interstitial pregnancy and the normal color myometrium, and 3) resecting the interstitial portion containing the product of conception along the outer layer of the oviduct without rupture. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The interstitial portion containing the product of conception was removed entirely along the outer layer of the fallopian tube as a natural capsule without rupture. RESULTS(S): The surgery lasted for 43 min, and the volume of intraoperative blood loss was 5 mL. The pathology was confirmatory for interstitial pregnancy. The patient's beta-human chorionic gonadotropin levels decreased optimally. She had a normal postoperative course. CONCLUSION(S): This approach reduces intraoperative blood loss, minimizes myometrial loss and thermal injury, and effectively avoids persistent interstitial ectopic pregnancy. It is not limited by the device used, does not increase the surgery cost, and is greatly useful in treating a selected nonruptured distally or centrally implanted interstitial pregnancy.


Asunto(s)
Laparoscopía , Embarazo Intersticial , Humanos , Embarazo , Femenino , Adulto Joven , Adulto , Embarazo Intersticial/diagnóstico por imagen , Embarazo Intersticial/cirugía , Laparoscopía/métodos , Pérdida de Sangre Quirúrgica , Salpingectomía/métodos , Gonadotropina Coriónica Humana de Subunidad beta
18.
Curr Probl Diagn Radiol ; 52(2): 84-88, 2023.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36456402

RESUMEN

Angular pregnancy is an exceedingly rare diagnosis, with less than 100 reported cases. Angular pregnancy is important to distinguish from ectopic pregnancies due to the fact that they have the potential to be viable while true ectopic pregnancies do not. As such, angular pregnancy requires starkly different management. Inappropriate use of the terms angular, interstitial, and cornual indicates a general misunderstanding of what makes these diagnoses unique. Misunderstanding leads to misdiagnosis and consequent mismanagement. Our experience with cases of women with angular and interstitial ectopic pregnancies is instructive as it illustrates effective diagnosis and differing management of these two diagnoses. In the two angular pregnancy cases, transvaginal ultrasonography was employed to confirm the diagnosis, which showed a lack of the interstitial line sign, contiguity of the decidua and endometrium, and an endomyometrial mantle thickness between 5 and 8 mm. One patient's angular pregnancy ultimately ruptured and was successfully managed with fully robotic cornual resection and unilateral salpingectomy, while the other progressed to term normally without complication. The patient with an interstitial ectopic pregnancy was also managed surgically, although with laparoscopic cornuotomy and salpingectomy.


Asunto(s)
Laparoscopía , Embarazo Angular , Embarazo Intersticial , Embarazo , Femenino , Humanos , Embarazo Angular/diagnóstico , Embarazo Angular/cirugía , Embarazo Intersticial/diagnóstico por imagen , Embarazo Intersticial/cirugía , Endometrio , Salpingectomía
19.
Fertil Steril ; 120(2): 389-391, 2023 08.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37080509

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To describe a conservative laparoscopic treatment of an advanced case of interstitial pregnancy diagnosed in a woman at 14 weeks of gestational age. DESIGN: A video case report with demonstration of diagnostic workup and laparoscopic management of rare subtypes of ectopic pregnancy. SETTING: University tertiary care hospital. PATIENT(S): A 32-year-old nulliparous woman at 14 weeks of gestational age, presented with moderate abdominal pain. She reported a history of irregular periods; however, no risk factor for ectopic pregnancy was identified. The human chorionic gonadotropin level was 7,345 mIU/mL. Transvaginal ultrasound revealed an empty uterine cavity and a complex heterogeneous mass of 6 cm on the left cornual region. The myometrial thickness surrounding the gestational sac was 4 mm. INTERVENTION(S): There were several critical strategies for this laparoscopic approach. To reduce intraoperative bleeding, the peritoneum was opened, the ureters were identified, and bulldog clamps were used to temporarily reduce uterine vascularization. An intramyometrial injection of vasopressin was performed. After the first cornuostomy attempt, we had to perform a cornual resection to achieve complete removal of the ectopic mass. Multilayer uterine sutures and anatomical restoration to prevent adhesion were then accomplished. Institutional review board approval was not required for this case report as per our institution's policy; patient consent was obtained for publication of the case. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Description of laparoscopic management of huge interstitial pregnancy. RESULT(S): The overall operation time was 55 minutes, and the estimated blood loss was 55 mL. A successfully conservative treatment was achieved with no short-term complications. Postoperative ultrasound showed a normal uterus, and complete regression of human chorionic gonadotropin level was achieved 2 weeks after surgery. CONCLUSION(S): Interstitial ectopic pregnancy presents a high risk of maternal mortality considering that the interstitial part of the tube, because of its thickness, has a great capacity to expand before rupture. Despite the dimension of the lesion, in our case, the tube was still intact and the patient was in a stable clinical condition. Although cornuostomy is a more conservative solution, in these cases, cornual resection should be preferred. Through the accomplishment of reproducible key steps, laparoscopic removal of interstitial pregnancy is a feasible method and can be proposed even for advanced cases of interstitial pregnancies.


Asunto(s)
Laparoscopía , Embarazo Intersticial , Embarazo , Femenino , Humanos , Adulto , Embarazo Intersticial/diagnóstico por imagen , Embarazo Intersticial/cirugía , Laparoscopía/métodos , Tratamiento Conservador , Gonadotropina Coriónica
20.
Medicina (B Aires) ; 83(6): 986-989, 2023.
Artículo en Español | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38117719

RESUMEN

Ectopic pregnancy occurs when a developing blastocyst implants at any site other than the uterine cavity. Ectopic pregnancy is most commonly found in the fallopian tube but may also occur in the cornua of the uterus (also found as interstitial in the literature), cervix, ovary, or abdominal cavity or in a cesarean scar. An estimated 2% of pregnancies are ectopic, of which an interstitial pregnancy represents an extremely rare variant of ectopic pregnancy (EP), accounting for 2% to 4 % of all cases. The aim of this report is to describe the case of a patient with suspected ectopic pregnancy of uncertain location in which an exploratory laparoscopy was performed due to the onset of symptoms, discovering a cornual ectopic pregnancy in site of a past salpingectomy because of a tubal ectopic pregnancy. A cornuotomy by laparoscopy was performed to resect the cornual ectopic pregnancy. The patient had an uneventful postoperative course, with negativization of human chorionic gonadotropin levels. This type of location is rare and is associated with high rates of maternal morbidity and mortality. It represents a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for the gynecologist who faces it.


Se define a un embarazo ectópico cuando el blastocisto en desarrollo se implanta fuera de la cavidad uterina. La localización más frecuente es en la trompa, pero también puede ocurrir en el ovario, cérvix, cicatriz de cesárea, cuerno uterino (también mencionado como intersticial en la literatura) o abdominal. Se estima que la incidencia de embarazo ectópico es aproximadamente el 2% de todos los embarazos, siendo la localización cornual solo el 2-4% de esos casos. El objetivo de este reporte es describir el caso de una paciente con sospecha de embarazo ectópico de localización incierta a quien se le realizó una laparoscopia exploradora por inicio de síntomas, evidenciando un embarazo ectópico cornual en el lecho de una salpingectomía, producto de un embarazo ectópico tubario previo. Se realizó la cornuotomía con resección del mismo por laparoscopia y su evolución fue favorable con negativización de la subunidad beta. Este tipo de localización es rara y se asocia con grandes tasas de morbimortalidad materna. Representa un desafío diagnóstico y terapéutico para el ginecólogo que lo enfrenta.


Asunto(s)
Laparoscopía , Embarazo Intersticial , Embarazo Tubario , Embarazo , Femenino , Humanos , Embarazo Intersticial/diagnóstico por imagen , Embarazo Intersticial/cirugía , Embarazo Tubario/diagnóstico por imagen , Embarazo Tubario/cirugía , Salpingectomía
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