[The use of xenon irradiator in otology]. / Primenenie ksenonovogo obluchatelia v otiatricheskoi praktike.

Xenon irradiator " " (Yakhont-F) has been used in combined treatment of chronic purulent diseases of the external and middle ear in 50 patients. The unit is supplied with flexible multifiber light guides which can operate in the sites not easily accessible for other instruments. Such radiation leads to good bactericidal, antiinflammatory and antiedema effects. In reconstructive and cleansing surgery on the middle ear the transplant retension and epidermization of the postoperative cavity took less time. The technique is proposed for wide otiatric practice.

[Effect of low-energy laser irradiation on the functional state of the acoustic analyzer (experimental study)]. / Vliianie izlucheniia nizkoenergeticheskogo lazera na funktsional'noe sostoianie slukhovogo analizatora (eksperimental'noe issledovanie).

The acoustic function of guinea-pigs (in terms of ERA) before and after middle ear laser treatment (LHe-75, radiation intensity 15-17 mW, total dose 63 J/cm2, number of exposures 14) was investigated. The experiment was carried out using three groups of animals. Group 1 included healthy young animals. Group 2 consisted of adult animals with no signs of otitis media suppurativa. Group 3 involved adult guinea-pigs with chronic suppurative otitis media. After laser treatment all the animals showed increase of amplitudes of all ERA peaks, specifically of the first peak, an increase of the A1/A4 ratio, and an insignificant shortening of L1 at low sound intensities in group 1 and group 2 animals. This may suggest a greater excitation of the first component of the acoustic system. The group 3 animals exhibited a greater L1; this indicates that laser therapy of an untreated cavity during chronic otitis media may aggravate the pathological process. This pathology requires pretreatment of the middle ear cavity and laser therapy in combination with other therapeutic measures. None of the treated animals showed changes of the second time interval, whereas the third time interval (central time of conduction) became shorter, particularly on the side exposed to laser treatment. Our findings demonstrated differences in responses of adult and young animals to laser treatment (distinct shortening of the central time of conduction in those latter) which obviously needs further study.

[Use of helium-neon laser device LTM-01 in the treatment of patients with chronic suppurative otitis media]. / Ispol'zovanie gelii-neonovoi lazernoi ustanovki LTM-01 v lechenii bol'nykh khronicheskim gnoinym srednim otitom.

The all-purpose small-sized portable helium-neon laser unit LTM-I has been tested in a clinic. The unit is constructed on the basis of a quantum generator of 0.5-1.0 mW with a wave length of 632.8 nm. The unit is provided with special appliances allowing emission to be brought to the external auditory passage and the tympanic cavity. The unit was used to treat 110 patients with chronic purulent middle otitis. Exposure lasted 10-12 min. The treatment course consisted of 7-12 sessions. The favourable effect was noted by the 6-7th day of treatment in 52 patients with chronic purulent mesotympanitis with a protracted torpid course. Improvement of the cytological picture, disappearance of the microbial flora, normalization of immunological indices made it possible to arrive at a conclusion on the existence of a certain adaptogenic mechanism of action of laser emission.

["Closed" curative surgery and laser therapy in the early postoperative period in patients with chronic suppurative epimesotympanitis]. / "Zakrytaia" saniruiushchaia khirurgiia s lazernoi terapiei v rannem posleoperatsionnom periode u bol'nykh khronicheskim gnoinym épimezotimpanitom.

Taking into account the severity of middle ear pathology and the Eustachian tube function, three methods of "closed" surgery were applied to 132 patients with chronic purulent-caries epimesotympanitis. On post-operation days 2-15, 85 patients were exposed to internal or external laser therapy. As a result, the post-operation therapy period was 5-6 days shorter and the healing quality of the treated ear a year after was better than in the absence of laser therapy. It is concluded that the method of "closed" surgery should be chosen on an individual basis and that its combination with early post-operation laser therapy yields good results.

[Effects of helium-neon laser energy on the tissues of the middle ear in the presence of biological fluids and drug solutions]. / Deistvie énergii gelii-neonogo lazera na tkani srednego ukha v prisutstvii biologicheskikh zhidkostei i meditsinskikh rastvorov.

By means of biophotometry the coefficients of absorption and penetration depth of helium-neon laser radiation with a wavelength of 632.8 nm were measured. Measurements were made in the inflammatory mucous membrane of the tympanic cavity, mucous membrane of the tympanic-cavity infiltrated with the saline solution, cortical bone of the mastoid, cartilage of the auricle, blood, serum, exudate, 0.02% furacillin, 3% boric acid, 0.9% and 10% NaCl. These observations were used to develop an efficient method of laser therapy of the inflammatory and wound surface of the middle ear biological tissue, which formed the basis of a new procedure of the laser treatment of "closed" cavities of the middle ear in an early postoperative period after debridement or hearing repair surgery of suppurative otitis media which were filled with a transparent antiseptic solution.

[Low-intensity laser irradiation in otorhinolaryngology]. / Nizkoénergeticheskoe lazernoe izluchenie v otorinolaringologii.

Low-intensity laser irradiation is a modality widely practiced in otorhinolaryngology. Basing on extensive personal experience and literature data the authors provide ENT specialists with relevant techniques and parameters of the radiation for different otorhinolaryngological diseases.