RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Reports of canine pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) are uncommon in the veterinary literature. Rarer still are cases describing dogs with both skin lesions and internal organ involvement. OBJECTIVE: To describe a case of canine PG with skin and internal organ involvement. ANIMALS: A client-owned dog. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Complete blood count, serum chemistry, C-reactive protein and SNAP cPL tests, and abdominal ultrasonography and fine-needle aspiration of the spleen were performed. RESULTS: The dog was treated with oral prednisolone and ciclosporin. After three months of therapy, ultrasonography revealed normalization of the spleen and resolution of skin lesions. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Dogs with skin lesions compatible with PG should be screened carefully for internal organ involvement. Ciclosporin may be a useful treatment for the immediate and long-term management of canine PG.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico , Pancreatitis/veterinaria , Piodermia Gangrenosa/veterinaria , Enfermedades de la Piel/veterinaria , Piel/patología , Bazo/patología , Animales , Ciclosporina/uso terapéutico , Fármacos Dermatológicos/uso terapéutico , Enfermedades de los Perros/tratamiento farmacológico , Perros , Femenino , Pancreatitis/diagnóstico , Pancreatitis/tratamiento farmacológico , Prednisolona/uso terapéutico , Piodermia Gangrenosa/complicaciones , Piodermia Gangrenosa/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedades de la Piel/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedades de la Piel/etiología , Bazo/diagnóstico por imagen , Resultado del Tratamiento , UltrasonografíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare disease, which, to the best of the authors' knowledge, has been the subject of only one case report in the peer-reviewed veterinary literature. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES: To describe the history, clinical signs, diagnostic findings and treatment outcome in two cases of canine PG. ANIMALS: Two client-owned dogs presented to a private veterinary referral practice between 2008 and 2010 who received a diagnosis of PG by specialist veterinary dermatologists. METHODS: Medical records were analysed to retrieve relevant information. RESULTS: Both dogs were treated with prednisolone; this was combined with ciclosporin in case 1 and azathioprine in case 2. Case 2 had a more complete response of lesions to treatment and a longer survival time after diagnosis (763 days) than case 1 (81 days). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Pyoderma gangrenosum is a rare disease distinguished by rapid progression of painful, necrolytic, cutaneous ulcers with irregular, violaceous undermined borders. Azathioprine with glucocorticoids may lead to a better outcome than ciclosporin and glucocorticoids (currently the first-line treatment in humans and the only reported treatment in dogs).
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Perros/patología , Piodermia Gangrenosa/veterinaria , Animales , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Antiinflamatorios/administración & dosificación , Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico , Perros , Masculino , Prednisolona/administración & dosificación , Prednisolona/uso terapéutico , Piodermia Gangrenosa/diagnóstico , Piodermia Gangrenosa/patología , Sulfasalazina/administración & dosificación , Sulfasalazina/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
A 4-year-old, spayed female mixed breed dog was presented with large crater-like, well-demarcated, erosive and ulcerative necrotic lesions of the skin, elevated body temperature and lethargy, that began 14 days after vaccination and treatment with fluralaner and milbemycin/praziquantel. Cytology revealed severe pyogranulomatous inflammation with moderate numbers of extracellular microorganisms. Histopathologic examination showed severe multifocal pyogranulomatous dermatitis and panniculitis with severe dermal edema and severe neutrophilic exocytosis with band-like infiltration of the lower portion of the epidermis consistent with pyoderma gangrenosum. Despite intensive immunosuppressive and antimicrobial therapy and intensive inpatient care, the dog was euthanized 16 days after admission due to complications with clinical signs of sepsis, acute dyspnea and thoracic effusion.
Asunto(s)
Antiinfecciosos , Enfermedades de los Perros , Piodermia Gangrenosa , Perros , Femenino , Animales , Piodermia Gangrenosa/diagnóstico , Piodermia Gangrenosa/tratamiento farmacológico , Piodermia Gangrenosa/veterinaria , Inmunosupresores/uso terapéutico , Antiinfecciosos/uso terapéutico , Piel/patología , Enfermedades de los Perros/inducido químicamente , Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de los Perros/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
A dog was referred because of the presence of painful ulcers with violaceous borders and multiple dermal and subcutaneous haemorrhagic nodules on the bridge of the nose, on the dorsal aspect of the front paws, and on all four legs. Lesions had not responded to antibacterial and immunomodulatory therapy. Nine months earlier, the dog had been diagnosed with idiopathic epilepsy and treated with potassium bromide ever since. Histopathological examination of lesions revealed an interstitial neutrophilic dermatitis multifocally extending to the subcutaneous tissue. All special stains were negative for infectious agents, and due to the lack of tropism for follicular structures as well as negative bacterial and fungal cultures, a diagnosis of a sterile neutrophilic process similar to pyoderma gangrenosum was made. A cutaneous drug reaction was suspected, potassium bromide was suspended, and after 6 weeks the ulcerative lesions were completely healed. The present report describes a case of an ulcerative neutrophilic dermatitis presumed to be associated with administration of potassium bromide that resembled human bromoderma.
Asunto(s)
Dermatitis/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico , Piodermia Gangrenosa/veterinaria , Animales , Dermatitis/complicaciones , Enfermedades de los Perros/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedades de los Perros/patología , Perros , Humanos , Nariz , Piodermia Gangrenosa/diagnóstico , Piodermia Gangrenosa/tratamiento farmacológico , Piodermia Gangrenosa/patologíaRESUMEN
This report describes a case of neutrophilic dermatosis in a dog, with a number of clinical and pathological similarities to human pyoderma gangrenosum. A seven-year-old, female German shepherd dog with a history of non-erosive idiopathic polyarthritis was presented with severe facial swelling, bilateral erosivoulcerative lesions on the muzzle and multiple, eroded, dermal-subcutaneous nodules on the cranial trunk. Histopathological examination of skin biopsies revealed a necrotising neutrophilic dermatitis. No infectious agents could be detected using specific stains, immunohistochemistry, serology and bacterial aerobic, anaerobic or fungal cultures. A sterile neutrophilic dermatosis resembling human pyoderma gangrenosum was presumptively diagnosed, and the patient showed an excellent response to treatment with prednisone and ciclosporin.
Asunto(s)
Fármacos Dermatológicos/uso terapéutico , Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Sweet/veterinaria , Animales , Artritis/complicaciones , Artritis/veterinaria , Ciclosporina/uso terapéutico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Enfermedades de los Perros/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedades de los Perros/patología , Perros , Femenino , Prednisona/uso terapéutico , Piodermia Gangrenosa/diagnóstico , Piodermia Gangrenosa/tratamiento farmacológico , Piodermia Gangrenosa/patología , Piodermia Gangrenosa/veterinaria , Síndrome de Sweet/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Sweet/tratamiento farmacológico , Síndrome de Sweet/patología , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
A 12-year-old male entire Miniature Pinscher presented with excoriations at various body sites, progressively forming ulcers and enlarging until arrested by treatment. Based on the clinical presentation and histopathological analyses, sterile neutrophilic dermatosis was suspected. Therefore, the dog was started on prednisolone. Marked improvement was achieved with prednisolone treatment, suggesting a diagnosis of pyoderma gangrenosum (PG). Transcription levels of cytokine mRNA in lesional skin before and after treatment from this dog were quantified by real-time RT-PCR. Transcription levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1ß, IL-8 and IL-17A were higher in lesional skin before treatment than after treatment. Levels of various cytokines could be increased in lesional skin of dogs with PG as well as in human patients with PG.