Interpretation of arrhythmogenic effects of COVID-19 disease through ECG.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to detect the malignant arrhythmic potential of COVID-19 with surface electrocardiographic (ECG) markers. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Of the ECG parameters PR, QT, QTc, QTd, TPe, and Tpe/QTc were measured in 51 COVID-19 patients and 40 in control subjects. RESULTS: Compared to control group mean QTc (410.8 ± 24.3 msec vs. 394.6 ± 20.3 msec, p < .001) and Tpe/QTc (0.19 ± 0.02 vs. 0.18 ± 0.04, p = .036) and median QTd (47.52 vs. 46.5) values were significantly higher in COVID-19 patients. Troponin levels were significantly correlated with heart rate (r = 0.387, p = .006) but not with ECG parameters. CONCLUSION: Several ventricular arrhythmia surface ECG predictors including QTc, QTd, and Tpe/QTc are increased in COVID-19 patients. Since medications used in COVID-19 patients have the potential to affect these parameters, giving importance to these ECG markers may have a significant contribution in decreasing disease-related arrhythmias.

Relationship of right ventricular functions with in-hospital and 1 year later mortality in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 pneumonia.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine the association of right ventricular function with in-hospital mortality and mortality 1 year after discharge in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 pneumonia. METHODS: The study was conducted in Van Yuzuncu Yil University Faculty of Medicine hospital between February 10, 2021 and August 10, 2022. A total of 156 patients hospitalized in intensive care and wards due to COVID-19 pneumonia were included in this study. Echocardiography was performed in all patients. RESULTS: Among the demographic findings of the patients included in the study, male gender, patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU), patients receiving O2 support, and smokers were found to have higher mortality rates during hospitalization. At the end of 1 year, the mortality rate was higher in patients who were hospitalized in the ICU received O2 support and had diabetes mellitus. Among echocardiographic findings, those with a low left ventricular ejection fraction had higher early and 1-year mortality rates. Of the right ventricular functions, low fractional area change, high systolic pulmonary artery pressure (SPAP), shortened pulmonary acceleration time, low right ventricle systolic wave S' velocity, increased right atrium area, and inferior vena cava diameter were found to be associated with high mortality. Increased right atrial area and inferior vena cava diameter, increased SPAP, and shortened pulmonary acceleration time were found to be significant in 1-year mortality. The presence of pericardial effusion was associated with mortality during hospitalization but not with 1-year mortality. B-type natriuretic peptide, D-dimer, and hemoglobin levels were significantly correlated with both hospital mortality and 1-year mortality. CONCLUSIONS: In the follow-up of COVID-19 pneumonia, right ventricular function is considered to be an important factor in early and late mortality. It could be helpful to establish a follow-up program for discharged patients from the parameters involved in mortality.

Flow-mediated dilatation facilitates transradial coronary angiography: a comparative study.

Introduction: Radial artery (RA) spasm is demonstrated to be one of the most common complications of transradial approach (TRA). Aim: We hypothesised that radial flow-mediated dilation (FMD) can be used as a preprocedural method to assess the likelihood of arterial spasm. Material and methods: The patients were divided into 2 groups: those with and without flow-mediated RA dilatation. A blood pressure cuff was placed on the upper part of the antecubital region of the patients in the FMD group and inflated for 10 min, allowing the pressure to rise to 30 mm Hg above the systolic blood pressure. RA diameters of the patients in both groups were measured via quantitive coronary angiography method before transradial coronary angiography. Results: A total of 165 patients were included in the study, of whom 64 (38.8%) were women. The median age of the patients was 56 years (48-63). The mean RA diameter was significantly larger in the FMD group (3.44 ±0.48 vs. 2.96 ±0.46 mm, p < 0.001), and the number of punctures required for successful transradial cannulation was found to be significantly higher in the group without FMD (1.55 ±0.7 vs. 1.20 ±0.64; p < 0.001). Linear regression analysis revealed diabetes and FMD as independent predictors of RA diameter. In the diabetic subgroup, RA diameter remained larger in the FMD group (3.00 ±0.35 vs. 2.78 ±0.26, p = 0.036). Radial puncture attempts were significantly higher in the control group compared to the FMD group (1.55 ±0.7 vs. 1.20 ±0.64; p < 0.001). Conclusions: In our study, we demonstrated that FMD created by pressure application significantly increased RA diameter and reduced puncture attempt during TRA.

Heart Failure Awareness Survey in a Turkish Population: HFAS-TR.

OBJECTIVE: Heart failure is a leading cause of death and the most common diagnosis leading to hospitalization. Its awareness is lower than that of other cardiovascular diseases, both in the general population and among patients with heart failure (HF). This study aimed to establish the current level of knowledge about HF in patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF) in Türkiye. METHODS: This questionnaire-based survey study is multicenter, conducted across 34 centers from December 2021 to July 2022. We performed a survey consisting of two sets of questions focusing on individual characteristics of the patients and HF-related knowledge. RESULTS: The study included a total of 2,307 outpatient HF patients, comprising 70.5% males and 29.5% females with a mean age of 64.58 ± 13 (56-74) years and a mean body mass index value of 32.5 ± 10 kg/m2. HFrEF and HFmrEF were determined in 74.7% and 25.3% of patients, respectively. Thirty percent of the patients were unaware that they had HF. While 28.7% of the patients thought that they had sufficient information about HF, 71.3% believed they lacked adequate knowledge. In the study, 25.2% of the participants identified dyspnea, 22% identified tiredness, and 25.4% identified leg edema as the most common symptoms of HF. Only 27.4% of patients recognized all three typical symptoms of HF. CONCLUSION: We found that the study population's knowledge about HF symptoms and the nature of the disease was poor. Educational and awareness activities are necessary to optimize outcomes and benefits.

Turkish Real Life Atrial Fibrillation in Clinical Practice: TRAFFIC Study.

BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent cardiac arrhythmia worldwide and is associated with an increased risk of thromboembolism, ischemic stroke, impaired quality of life, and mortality. The latest research that shows the prevalence and incidence of AF patients in Türkiye was the Turkish Adults' Heart Disease and Risk Factors study, which included 3,450 patients and collected data until 2006/07.The Turkish Real Life Atrial Fibrillation in Clinical Practice (TRAFFIC) study is planned to present current prevalence data, reveal the reflection of new treatment and risk approaches in our country, and develop new prediction models in terms of outcomes. METHODS: The TRAFFIC study is a national, prospective, multicenter, observational registry. The study aims to collect data from at least 1900 patients diagnosed with atrial fibrillation, with the participation of 40 centers from Türkiye. The following data will be collected from patients: baseline demographic characteristics, medical history, vital signs, symptoms of AF, ECG and echocardiographic findings, CHADS2-VASC2 and HAS-BLED (1-year risk of major bleeding) risk scores, interventional treatments, antithrombotic and antiarrhythmic medications, or other medications used by the patients. For patients who use warfarin, international normalized ratio levels will be monitored. Follow-up data will be collected at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. Primary endpoints are defined as systemic embolism or major safety endpoints (major bleeding, clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding, and minor bleeding as defined by the International Society on Thrombosis and Hemostasis). The main secondary endpoints include major adverse cardiovascular events (systemic embolism, myocardial infarction, and cardiovascular death), all-cause mortality, and hospitalizations due to all causes or specific reasons. RESULTS: The results of the 12-month follow-up of the study are planned to be shared by the end of 2023. CONCLUSION: The TRAFFIC study will reveal the prevalence and incidence, demographic characteristics, and risk profiles of AF patients in Türkiye. Additionally, it will provide insights into how current treatments are reflected in this population. Furthermore, risk prediction modeling and risk scoring can be conducted for patients with AF.

Is there a relation between computed tomography findings and electrocardiography findings in COVID-19?

OBJECTIVE: COVID-19 can cause lung damage and may present with pneumonia in patients. In the present study, the correlation between the severity of pneumonia and electrocardiography parameters of COVID-19 were examined. METHODS: A total of 93 COVID-19 patients and a control group consisting of 62 volunteers were studied. Computed thorax tomography evaluation was performed; each lung was divided into three zones. For each affected zone, scores were given. The main computed thorax tomography patterns were described in line with the terms defined by the Fleischner Society and peer reviewed literature on viral pneumonia. We compared Computed thorax tomography of patients with corrected QT (QTc) and P wave dispersion (Pd) time. RESULTS: There is a significant difference between the patient and control groups in terms of QTc values (413.5±28.8 msec vs. 395.6±16.7 msec p<0.001). Likewise, the Pd value of the patient group is statistically significantly higher than that of the control group (50.0±9.6 ms computed thorax tomography ec vs. 41.3±5.8 msec p<0.001). In the patient group, a reverse correlation was detected between computed thorax tomography score and Pd value according to partial correlation coefficient analysis (correlation coefficient: -0.232, p=0.027). In the patient group, the correlation between computed thorax tomography score and QTc value was similarly determined according to partial correlation coefficient analysis (Correlation coefficient:0.224, p=0.017). CONCLUSIONS: COVID-19 prolongs QTc and P wave dispersion values; and as the severity of pneumonia increases, QTc value increases. However, whereas the severity of pneumonia increases, P wave dispersion value decreases.

Is there a relation between computed tomography findings and electrocardiography findings in COVID-19?

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: COVID-19 can cause lung damage and may present with pneumonia in patients. In the present study, the correlation between the severity of pneumonia and electrocardiography parameters of COVID-19 were examined. METHODS: A total of 93 COVID-19 patients and a control group consisting of 62 volunteers were studied. Computed thorax tomography evaluation was performed; each lung was divided into three zones. For each affected zone, scores were given. The main computed thorax tomography patterns were described in line with the terms defined by the Fleischner Society and peer reviewed literature on viral pneumonia. We compared Computed thorax tomography of patients with corrected QT (QTc) and P wave dispersion (Pd) time. RESULTS: There is a significant difference between the patient and control groups in terms of QTc values (413.5±28.8 msec vs. 395.6±16.7 msec p<0.001). Likewise, the Pd value of the patient group is statistically significantly higher than that of the control group (50.0±9.6 ms computed thorax tomography ec vs. 41.3±5.8 msec p<0.001). In the patient group, a reverse correlation was detected between computed thorax tomography score and Pd value according to partial correlation coefficient analysis (correlation coefficient: −0.232, p=0.027). In the patient group, the correlation between computed thorax tomography score and QTc value was similarly determined according to partial correlation coefficient analysis (Correlation coefficient:0.224, p=0.017). CONCLUSIONS: COVID-19 prolongs QTc and P wave dispersion values; and as the severity of pneumonia increases, QTc value increases. However, whereas the severity of pneumonia increases, P wave dispersion value decreases.