Correlation of biological cervical cancer with its demographic and obstetric parameters in Ain Defla region, Algeria.

This study aims to determine the prevalence of cervical dysplasia and its relationship to biological and demographic characteristics. A transversal observational study is based on 236 conventional smears collected in Algeria. A Pap smear was taken, fixed and then stained using Papanicolaou staining. The interpretation of the results was done using the Bethesda 2014 system. Some of the patients with abnormal smears had colposcopy and, if necessary, a biopsy. Other patients with low-grade lesions were recommended to have their smears resumed 6 months or 1 year later. Cytological analysis was performed for 236 patients. Among those, 94 patients had abnormal smears, 45 cases with ASCUS (19.06 %), LSIL was reported in 36 cases (15.25%), AGC was observed in 6 cases (2.54 %), HSIL in 4 cases (1.69 %), only 1(0.42 %) case observed in SCC and 2 cases in ADK (0.84 %). Also, 34 low-grade patients underwent cytological examination 6 months to 1 year later to determine the persistence, regression or progression of low-grade dysplasia. During follow-up, persistence was observed in 35.29% (n= 12) of cases, progression to high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) was detected in 5.88% (n= 2), while 52.88% (n= 20) of the patients experienced regression. Moreover, the frequency of Pap smear positivity correlated with the duration of OC use, the duration of marriage and parity. In this study, the prevalence of abnormal smear was 39.84 % for cytology. The colposcopy and histology confirmed just 3.33%. Meanwhile, these results highlight the importance of early screening of this pathology.

Acute intrathoracic gastric volvulus: A rare delayed presentation of congenital diaphragmatic hernia: A case report.

INTRODUCTION: Acute intrathoracic gastric volvulus occurs when the stomach undergoes organoaxial rotation in the chest due presence of a diaphragmatic defect. Gastric volvulus associated with congenital diaphragmatic hernia is extremely rare and can be explained as 2 of the 4 ligaments supporting the stomach (gastrophrenic and gastrosplenic) which are connected to the left diaphragm may become elongated or absent. According to the current literature, only 27 pediatric cases have been reported so far. PRESENTATION OF CASE: We describe an 8 years old boy who presented to our emergency department with acute epigastric pain and vomiting. The chest radiograph obtained in the emergency department demonstrated an elevated gastric air-fluid level in the left hemithorax. A computed tomography scan demonstrated a sizable left diaphragmatic defect admitting stomach, small bowel loops and transverse colon with organoaxial gastric volvulus. Emergent laparotomy was done for reduction of the viscera to the abdominal cavity and repair of the diaphragmatic defect. The patient showed an uneventful recovery without experience any pain or difficulty with eating. DISCUSSION: Acute gastric volvulus is a rare pathology defined as an abnormal rotation of the stomach for more than 180° leading to a closed-loop obstruction which may progress to ischemia and strangulation. A plain standing abdominal X-ray and an upper gastrointestinal contrast study are useful for diagnosis, but some authors recommend performing CT or MRI to confirm the diagnosis. The standard treatment for volvulus is open laparotomy with detorsion and anterior gastropexy. CONCLUSION: The presented case highlights congenital diaphragmatic hernia associated with gastric volvulus is a serious condition with very high morbidity and mortality. It should be considered in the differential diagnosis of children with epigastric pain and uncontrolled non bilious vomiting. An upper gastrointestinal contrast study is useful for early diagnosis and surgical treatment should not be delayed awaiting further complementary imaging tests.

Incidence of lung cancer in males and females in Algeria: The lung cancer registry in Algeria (LuCaReAl).

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is a major cause of death worldwide. However, few data on incidence, histologic types and mortality rates of lung cancer were available for Algeria. METHODS: LuCaReAl is an ongoing descriptive, non-interventional, national, multicenter, prospective and longitudinal study conducted in Algeria, among oncologists and pulmonologists in public community and university hospitals. Median and interquartile ranges are displayed. RESULTS: Between July 2016 and July 2017, 897 patients were included. Overall incidence of lung cancer was 3.4 [3.2;3.6] cases per 100,000 inhabitants; overall incidence by sex was 5.8 [5.4;6.2] for males and 1.0 [0.8;1.1] for females. Adenocarcinoma was the most common histologic type of cancer. Most tumors were diagnosed at Stage IV. CONCLUSION: The first results from the LuCaReAl study in Algeria showed that most patients are diagnosed with lung cancer at an advanced stage. The ongoing follow-up will next provide data on the survival and mortality rates.