Epidemiology, clinical signs, histopathology and molecular characterization of canine leproid granuloma: a retrospective study of cases from Brazil.

Thirty-eight cases of canine leproid granuloma were diagnosed between 2000 and 2008. Diagnosis was based upon clinical and histopathological findings and the presence of acid-fast bacilli in skin sections. The clinical lesions were localized predominantly on the pinnae and included papules, plaques and nodules, with or without ulceration. Boxer dogs were the breed most affected. Histopathological findings included nodular to diffuse pyogranulomatous, lymphoplasmocytic inflammatory infiltrates, with or without necrosis, localized in the dermis or subcutaneous tissue. The bacillary loading and morphology were variable among the lesions analysed. There was no significant correlation between bacterial load and histopathological pattern, dominant type of inflammatory infiltration or the amount of necrosis or giant cells. No correlation was observed between giant cells and histopathological pattern. In the majority of cases where a PCR-based assay was done, a novel mycobacterium species as the main aetiological agent was identified, as reported in previous studies.

Fibroadnexal hamartoma in the dog: retrospective epidemiological and histopathological study of 102 cases / Hamartoma fibroanexial em cão: estudo retrospectivo epidemiológico e histopatológico de 102 casos

ABSTRACT: Fibroadnexal hamartoma (FH), also called focal adnexal dysplasia, is the most common hamartomatous lesion in dogs. There are few retrospective studies about FH in dogs, which did not describe histopathological findings in detail. The main objective was to conduct a retrospective study and to describe the epidemiological and histopathological characteristics of a series of 102 FH cases in dogs. Descriptive statistics and Odds Ratio were used to analyze the data. The lesions were exophytic and measured on average 2.5 cm in diameter. The anatomic sites most affected were the limbs and digital region. The animals were on average 7 years of age and both sexes were equally affected. Doberman (OR: 4.15; P=0.0069) and Schnauzer (OR: 2.50; P=0.049) showed a higher risk for FH. Recurrence was not observed in any case. Four histopathological FH subtypes were identified: follicle-sebaceous (73.53%), sebaceous (16.66%), follicular (8.82%) and sebaceous-apocrine (0.98%). Diffuse and perianexial fibroplasia and inflammation were frequently seen. Chronic inflammation and mature adipocytes were seen in 71.6% and 7.8% of the cases, respectively.

RESUMO: Hamartoma fibroanexial (HF), também denominado displasia focal anexial, é a lesão hamartomatosa mais comum em cães. Existem poucos estudos retrospectivos sobre HF em cães, os quais não descrevem detalhadamente os achados histopatológicos. O objetivo principal foi realizar um estudo retrospectivo e descrever as características epidemiológicas e histopatológicas de uma série de 102 casos de HF em cães. A estatística descritiva e Odds Ratio foram utilizadas para a análise dos dados. As lesões foram exofíticas e mediram em média 2,5 cm de diâmetro. Os locais anatômicos mais acometidos foram os membros e dígitos. Os animais tinham em média 7 anos de idade e ambos os sexos foram igualmente acometidos. Doberman (OR: 4.15; P=0,0069) e Schnauzer (OR: 2,50; P=0,049) mostraram-se com maior risco para o HF. Não foi relatada recorrência para nenhum caso. Quatro subtipos histopatológicos de HF foram identificados: folículo-sebáceo (73,53%), sebáceo (16,66%), folicular (8,82%) e sebáceo-apócrino (0,98%). Fibroplasia difusa e perianexial e inflamação foram frequentemente observadas. Inflamação crônica e adipócitos maduros foram vistos em 71,6% e 7,8% dos casos, respectivamente.

Necrose epidérmica metabólica em cães / Metabolic epidermal necrosis in dogs

A necrose epidérmica metabólica é uma rara enfermidade endócrino-metabólica, com importantes manifestações cutâneas, possuindo paralelo clinicopatológico com o eritema necrolítico migratório em humanos. O presente estudo tem por objetivo relatar três casos clínicos de NEM em cães acometidos por dermatite eritematosa, crostosa e ulcerativa associada à hepatopatia. O diagnóstico definitivo foi alcançado a partir do exame dermatopatológico. O prognóstico é desfavorável e os três animais morreram, apesar do tratamento.

Metabolic epidermal necrosis is a rare endocrine metabolic disease, characterized by dermatological signs which has clinical and pathological similarity with necrolytic migratory erythema in humans. The present report describes three cases of MEN in dogs affected with erythematous ulcerative crusting dermatitis associated with hepatopathy. The diagnosis was based on cutaneous histopathology. The prognosis is poor and the three dogs died despite the treatment.