Psychometric properties of insomnia severity index in Iranian adolescents.

OBJECTIVES: Sleep deprivation and insomnia have negative impacts on mental and physical health in adolescents. In order to examine the problems caused by insomnia, we need tools with acceptable validity and reliability for the target population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) in Iranian adolescent population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was carried out as a descriptive-analytic normalization. Study group consisted of 701 adolescents aged 12 to 19, who were selected through cluster sampling. The participants completed ISI, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inventory (PSQI), Adolescent sleep hygiene scale (ASHS) and global sleep assessment questionnaire (GSAQ). In addition, SPSS ver.22 and AMOSS ver.10 were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: The reliability of the test was obtained equal to 0.77 based on Cronbach's alpha and a good reliability (0.84) was obtained through test/retest method. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses with seven items were computed. The models fitness indexes were suitable for the structural model (CFI=0.99%, NFI=0.98%, GFI=0.99%, TLI=0.98%, RMSEA=0.049%). Moreover, there was a direct and significant correlation between the ISI index and the total score of other indexes. As to gender-based reliability, Cronbach's alpha was 0.78 in female adolescents and 0.85 in male adolescents. CONCLUSION: The results indicated that the Persian version of the insomnia severity index can be used as a reliable and valid tool for assessing the severity of insomnia in Persian-speaking adolescents.

Anesthetic Management of a Patient with a Giant Pericardial Cyst Compressing the Right Atrium.

Pericardial cysts are rare mediastinal cysts composed of a single fluid-filled mesothelial layer and can be congenital in origin or develop secondary to pericarditis, trauma, or infection. Although most pericardial cysts are asymptomatic, life-threatening complications can occasionally occur. We report on a 57-year-old man with an asymptomatic 9 cm pericardial cyst that was incidentally found as an abnormal cardiac silhouette on routine chest radiography. Further imaging confirmed the presence of a pericardial cyst that was compressing the right atrium. The patient underwent successful video-assisted thoracoscopic removal of the pericardial cyst under general anesthesia. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful and he was discharged on postoperative day 1 in a stable condition. To our knowledge, this is the first report regarding the anesthetic management of a patient with a giant pericardial cyst undergoing thoracic surgery. Knowledge regarding the perioperative challenges associated with the removal of pericardial cysts can prevent complications and improve patient outcomes.