Amplatzer vascular plug in occlusion of a pulmonary arteriovenous malformation.

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation is a rare condition with abnormal communication of the pulmonary artery with the pulmonary vein. It is associated with significant morbidity and mortality when patients develop complications. Patients with symptomatic pulmonary arteriovenous malformation should be considered for intervention. We describe the case of a 54-year-old woman with a large right pulmonary arteriovenous malformation who presented with right chest pain due to hemothorax. She underwent successful embolotherapy with an Amplatzer plug.

Anterior chest wall resection and reconstruction for locally advanced breast cancer.

With breast cancer awareness, the incidence of large invasive tumours is rare. We present a video of locally advanced breast cancer invading the anterior chest wall requiring en bloc resection that resulted in a large chest wall defect with exposed pleural and pericardial surface. Skeletal reconstruction and provision of adequate soft tissue coverage in order to avoid respiratory failure was challenging. A 58-year-old female presented with a 3-year history of locally invasive breast carcinoma with contiguous spread to sternum, clavicles, sternoclavicular joints and bilateral second to fifth ribs. She underwent total sternectomy, bilateral second to fifth ribs and chest wall resection resulting in a 21 × 18 cm chest wall defect. Reconstruction of her sternum was with methyl-methacrylate cement prosthesis. Ribs were reconstructed with titanium plates. Soft tissue coverage was achieved with left vertical rectus abdominis pedicle flap, right external oblique transposition flap and a right latissimus dorsi free flap. Flap failure necessitated a right vastus lateralis free flap. She was discharged ambulant without respiratory compromise. Resection and reconstruction of large chest wall defects is possible due to new bioprosthetic materials and is possible with acceptable morbidity and mortality.