[Preferences, satisfaction level of patient participation in making decisions in health centre nursing clinics]. / Preferencias, satisfacción y grado de participación de los pacientes en la toma de decisiones en las consultas de enfermería de los centros de salud.

AIMS: To assess patient preferences their satisfaction level and their participation in decision making with nurses. METHODS: Cross-sectional and mixed quantitative-qualitative study carried out in people attending the nursing services of 9 Health Centres in Andalusia. Patients were interviewed immediately after receiving nursing treatment using two different questionnaires for assessing their opinions, satisfaction and perception of involvement in the decisional process. A descriptive analysis using the χ(2) test (P<.05) was performed to assess the differences among close-ended and open-ended questions. Qualitative analysis: Open-ended questions were grouped into categories by a process involving three researchers independently. RESULTS: A total of 235 patients took part, of whom 59% (138) preferred a collaborative role with the nurse when making decisions. In the closed questions, 96.2% (228) of the surveyed patients declared to be satisfied or very satisfied with the decision making process; nevertheless 17.4% (41) made specific suggestions for improving this process. For them the main improvement areas were related to: general communication skills or a more specific one such as: strategies for helping them make decisions, reaching common ground or giving advice. CONCLUSIONS: Nurses should be aware that most patients wish to be involved in decision making and in clinical practice this participation can be improved by obtaining specific communicational skills. Surveys that include open-ended questions are more useful to assess the quality of care.

[Patients´ satisfaction with communication with their family doctors: comparison of three methods for assessing unmet needs]. / Satisfacción de los pacientes con la comunicación en las consultas de medicina de familia: comparación de tres métodos para investigar necesidades no satisfechas.

BACKGROUND: Different aspects of the doctor-patient relationship were associated with satisfaction and other outcomes of the consultation. However, measurements of the perception of communication quality are often limited by the "ceiling effect". To evaluate the relationship and differences between three ways to obtain information regarding patient satisfaction and perception of unmet needs in communication aspects with your doctor. METHODS: An observational descriptive study was design. Patient perception regarding four communicational domains when attending family doctors measured by means of three different type of questions. PARTICIPATION: 658 (91%) patients attending the consultation of 97 physicians in 58 Health Centres. 401 (62%) of them were females. Average age 52 years (TD:17,4; CI95%: 50,6-53,3 years), 401 females (62%: CI95%: 58,7-66,4%). In close ended questions, patients declared high rates of satisfaction for all the communicative domains studied: relationship 99,7% (CI95%: 98,8-99,9%), explaining reasons for consultation (CI95%: 94,4-97,7%), information regarding causes 96,2% (CI95%: 89,9- 94,3%), and therapeutic plan 97,9% (CI95%:96,7-99,1%). Patients declared as insatisfied gave high number of suggestions or showed more discrepancy of frequency (p<0.05); nevertheless, up to 28,9% of satisfied patients made suggestions for improving communication (p<0,001). CONCLUSIONS: [corrected] Designing open-ended questions where patient can make suggestions, seems to be a good method for detecting unmet needs in doctor patient communication that close-ended question about satisfaction or those exploring possible discrepancy on the frequency of some behaviours.

[Spanish Family Medicine Trainee Portfolio-Book: The extent of its implementation and trainee and trainer opinions after two years experience]. / El portafolio del libro del especialista en Medicina de Familia en formación: grado de implementación y opiniones de residentes y tutores 2 años después de su implantación en una unidad docente.

AIMS: To find out to what extent The "Reflective Practice Guide" (RPG) (a semi-structured Portfolio guide) has been implemented in a Spanish Family Medicine Vocational Training Region (Unidad Docente Provincial) and the opinions of trainees and trainers after using it in actual conditions. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study SETTING: A Provincial Family Medicine Teaching Unit (a Spanish Vocational Training Region). PARTICIPANTS: 43 trainers and 70 residents (trainees). METHODS: The participants carried out a formative assessment for 12 months on the competency areas described in the RPG. The information was collected by means of specific card notes. Trainers and Trainees filled in an ad hoc survey. RESULTS: The trainees carried out 295 (80%) tasks and reflections out of those recommended in the GPR. First and third year trainees completed 81/108 (75%) and 65/108 (60%) of the tasks, respectively. Trainees and trainers considered that the new method is useful for reflecting on clinical practice, for knowing their own competencies better and for strengthening the trainer-trainee relationship. CONCLUSIONS: The GPR is a formative tool that trainees carried out with their trainers even to a greater extent than that recommended by the GPR. Both groups perceive this tool as useful for effectively reflecting the trainees practice and for strengthening their relationship.

Programa para ayudar a estudiantes de tercer año a integrar el contenido y la forma en la realización de la historia clínica / A program to help third year students to integrate content and form in the clinical history

Introducción. Las habilidades de comunicación se han considerado como importantes e independientes para ser adquiridas por los estudiantes; sin embargo, representan una parte fundamental de la consulta. Objetivo. Describir un programa formativo de integración de habilidades de anamnesis y comunicación para estudiantes de tercero y analizar la correlación entre ambos dominios. Sujetos y métodos. Estudio observacional descriptivo. Emplazamiento: Aula de Habilidades de la Facultad de Medicina de Córdoba. Muestra: 158 estudiantes de tercero de medicina. Intervenciones: se ha desarrollado un programa interactivo en habilidades de comunicación y realización de anamnesis; un evaluador independiente valoró el desarrollo de ambas durante la entrevista clínica de los encuentros video grabados con una paciente simulada utilizando una herramienta ad hoc. Resultados. Duración media de cada entrevista: 5:56 min (IC 95% = 5:38-6:15 min), con un máximo de 10 min. Puntuación media global de la escala de valoración: 56,2 (máx. 104) (IC 95% = 54,20-58,19); habilidades de relación médico paciente puntuación media: 25,58 (máx. 40) (IC 95% = 24,7-26,5); anamnesis biomédica: 30,61 (máx. 64) (IC 95% = 29,20-32,03). Existe una correlación positiva entre el tiempo usado y la puntuación global obtenida en la escala de valoración (coeficiente de Pearson = 0,65; p < 0,01) y entre los apartados biomédicos y comunicación (coeficiente de Pearson = 0,44; p < 0,01). Conclusiones. El programa fue factible; las habilidades en comunicación que mejor se llevaron a cabo fueron: reactividad, uso del lenguaje no verbal, recibimiento y cierre de entrevista. El tiempo es una variable importante para desarrollar las habilidades aprendidas y la mayoría de los estudiantes no agotan el disponible. Los estudiantes que mejor abordan los aspectos relacionales también consiguen más información en la anamnesis (AU)

Introduction. Communication skills are considered as important and independent capacity to be acquired by students, however, are a fundamental part of the consultation. Aim. To describe a formative program for third year students with the objective of integrating anamnesis and communication skills in an integrating way and evaluate the correlation between them both. Subjects and methods. Observational descriptive study. Location: Skills Classroom in the Medicine Faculty of Cordoba. Subjects: 158 3rd year medicine students. Interventions: an interactive program in communications skills in clinical stories performances has been developed. An independent evaluator valued the communication and anamnesis skills during the clinical interview of the recorded meetings with simulated patient using a tool ad hoc. Results. Average interview time: 5:56 min (95% CI = 5:38-6:15 min) (maximum 10 min). Average global score rating scale: 56.2 (maximum 104) (95% CI = 54.20-58.19); skills of doctor-patient average score: 25.58 (maximum 40) (95% CI = 24.7-26.5), and biomedical anamnesis: 30.61 (maximum 64) (95% CI = 29.20-32.03). A positive correlation exists between with the time used by students and the obtained punctuation in the rating scale (Pearson coefficient = 0.65; p < 0.01), just like in the biomedical and communication sections (Pearson coefficient = 0.44; p < 0.01). Conclusions. The program was feasible, in which the communications skills had the best performance: reactivity, nonverbal language, reception and closing interview; against a not well performed biomedical anamnesis. Time is an important variable to develop the skills learnt and the students uses less than the maximum. The group of students with the best psychosocial aspects, got more details of anamnesis in their interviews (AU)

Satisfacción de los pacientes con la comunicación en las consultas de medicina de familia: comparación de tres métodos para investigar necesidades no satisfechas / Patients’ satisfaction with communication with their family doctors: comparison of three methods for assessing unmet needs

Fundamento: Diferentes aspectos de la relación medico-paciente se han asociado con la satisfacción y otros resultados de la consulta, pero el “efecto techo” suele limitar estas mediciones. El objetivo del trabajo es evaluar la relación y las diferencias entre tres modos de obtención de información referentes a la satisfacción del paciente y la percepción de necesidades no cubiertas en aspectos comunicativos con el médico. Métodos: Estudio observacional-descriptivo. Muestreo sistemático: 658 usuarios que acudieron a 97 médicos de familia en 58 centros de salud en 4 provincias. Por entrevista se indagó la percepción de los usuarios sobre cuatro facetas comunicativas (aspectos formales de la relación, facilidad para exponer motivo de consulta, información recibida sobre causas y acciones), mediante tres tipos diferentes de preguntas. Análisis descriptivo e inferencial (test de Fisher). Resultados: Respondieron 658 pacientes. Edad media: 52 años (DT:17,4; IC95%: 50,6-53,3 años), 401 (62%) mujeres (IC95%: 58,766,4%). Los sujetos dicen sentirse satisfechos con: relación con su médico: 99,7% (IC95%: 98,8-99,9%), posibilidad exponer motivo de consulta: 96,0% (IC95%: 94,4-97,7%), información recibida sobre causas: 96,2% (IC95%: 89,9- 94,3%), y sobre acción terapéutica: 97,9% (IC95%:96,799,1%). Las personas insatisfechas o muy insatisfechas responden a más preguntas adicionales (p<0,05), pero hasta un 171 (28,9%) de sujetos satisfechos o muy satisfechos llegaron a expresar preguntas adicionales, sobre todo en relación a propuestas de cambio (p<0,001). Conclusiones: Las preguntas abiertas con las que los sujetos puedan hacer sugerencias detectan mejor las necesidades no satisfechas en la comunicación médico-paciente que las preguntas cerradas sobre satisfacción o preguntas dirigidas a explorar posible discrepancia de conductas(AU)

Background: Different aspects of the doctor-patient relationship were associated with satisfaction and other outcomes of the consultation. However, measurements of the perception of communication quality are often limited by the !ceiling effect !. To evaluate the relationship and differences between three ways to obtain information regarding patient satisfaction and perception of unmet needs in communication aspects with your doctor. Methods: An observational descriptive study was design. Patient perception regarding four communicational domains when attending family doctors measured by means of three different type of questions. Results: Participation: 658 (91%) patients attending the consultation of 97 physicians in 58 Health Centres. 401 (62%) of them were females. Average age 52 years (TD:17,4; CI95%: 50,6-53,3 years), 401 females (62%: CI95%: 58,7-66,4%). In close ended questions, patients declared high rates of satisfaction for all the communicative domains studied: relationship 99,7% (CI95%: 98,8-99,9%), explaining reasons for consultation (CI95%: 94,4-97,7%), information regarding causes 96,2% (CI95%: 89,994,3%), and therapeutic plan 97,9% (CI95%:96,7-99,1%). Patients declared as insatisfied gave high number of suggestions or showed more discrepancy of frequency (p<0.05); nevertheless, up to 28,9% of satisfied patients made suggestions for improving communication (p<0,001). Conclussions: Designing open-ended questions where patient can make suggestions, seems to be a good method for detecting unmet needs in doctor patient communication that close-ended question about satisfaction or those exploring possible discrepancy on the frequency of some behaviours(AU)

Preferencias, satisfacción y grado de participación de los pacientes en la toma de decisiones en las consultas de enfermería de los centros de salud / Preferences, satisfaction level of patient participation in making decisions in health centre nursing clinics

Objetivos. Valorar las preferencias, la satisfacción y el grado de participación de los pacientes en el proceso de toma de decisiones con las enfermeras de los centros de salud. Método. Se diseñó un estudio observacional descriptivo con un enfoque metodológico mixto cualicuantitativo, realizado con pacientes que utilizaron los servicios de enfermería de nueve centros de salud de Andalucía. Tras ser atendidos, los pacientes fueron entrevistados, recogiéndose sus opiniones y satisfacción con el proceso de implicación en la toma de decisiones. Se llevó a cabo un análisis estadístico descriptivo, y para comprobar la existencia de diferencias entre las respuestas a las preguntas cerradas y las abiertas agrupadas del cuestionario, se utilizo el test de la χ2 (p<0,05). Análisis cualitativo: las preguntas abiertas fueron agrupadas en categorías en un proceso que involucró a tres investigadores independientemente. Resultados. Participaron 237 pacientes. Un 59% (138) prefiere un rol colaborativo con la enfermera a la hora de tomar decisiones. Un 96,2% (228) de los usuarios encuestados declararon estar satisfechos o muy satisfechos con el proceso de toma de decisiones en la consulta de enfermería; sin embargo, el 17,4% (41) hizo sugerencias para mejorarlo. Para los pacientes las principales áreas de mejora estaban relacionadas con habilidades comunicativas para ayudar a decidir, consensuar o realizar consejos. Conclusiones. Los profesionales de enfermería deberían tener en cuenta que más de la mitad de sus pacientes desean participar en las decisiones a adoptar en la consulta con su enfermera y que en la práctica esta participación puede ser mejorada incorporando habilidades comunicativas específicas. Las encuestas que incorporan preguntas abiertas permiten detectar de una manera mas precisa los problemas de la atención prestada (AU)

Aims. To assess patient preferences their satisfaction level and their participation in decision making with nurses. Methods. Cross-sectional and mixed quantitative-qualitative study carried out in people attending the nursing services of 9 Health Centres in Andalusia. Patients were interviewed immediately after receiving nursing treatment using two different questionnaires for assessing their opinions, satisfaction and perception of involvement in the decisional process. A descriptive analysis using the χ2 test (P<.05) was performed to assess the differences among close-ended and open-ended questions. Qualitative analysis: Open-ended questions were grouped into categories by a process involving three researchers independently. Results. A total of 235 patients took part, of whom 59% (138) preferred a collaborative role with the nurse when making decisions. In the closed questions, 96.2% (228) of the surveyed patients declared to be satisfied or very satisfied with the decision making process; nevertheless 17.4% (41) made specific suggestions for improving this process. For them the main improvement areas were related to: general communication skills or a more specific one such as: strategies for helping them make decisions, reaching common ground or giving advice. Conclusions. Nurses should be aware that most patients wish to be involved in decision making and in clinical practice this participation can be improved by obtaining specific communicational skills. Surveys that include open-ended questions are more useful to assess the quality of care (AU)